diff options
Diffstat (limited to 'Documentation/process')
| -rw-r--r-- | Documentation/process/adding-syscalls.rst | 20 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | Documentation/process/coding-style.rst | 20 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | Documentation/process/howto.rst | 20 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | Documentation/process/magic-number.rst | 3 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | Documentation/process/submit-checklist.rst | 14 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | Documentation/process/submitting-patches.rst | 29 |
6 files changed, 71 insertions, 35 deletions
diff --git a/Documentation/process/adding-syscalls.rst b/Documentation/process/adding-syscalls.rst index a3ecb236576c..906c47f1a9e5 100644 --- a/Documentation/process/adding-syscalls.rst +++ b/Documentation/process/adding-syscalls.rst @@ -501,7 +501,7 @@ table, but not from elsewhere in the kernel. If the syscall functionality is useful to be used within the kernel, needs to be shared between an old and a new syscall, or needs to be shared between a syscall and its compatibility variant, it should be implemented by means of a "helper" function (such as -``kern_xyzzy()``). This kernel function may then be called within the +``ksys_xyzzy()``). This kernel function may then be called within the syscall stub (``sys_xyzzy()``), the compatibility syscall stub (``compat_sys_xyzzy()``), and/or other kernel code. @@ -548,18 +548,18 @@ References and Sources https://lwn.net/Articles/486306/ - Recommendation from Andrew Morton that all related information for a new system call should come in the same email thread: - https://lkml.org/lkml/2014/7/24/641 + https://lore.kernel.org/r/20140724144747.3041b208832bbdf9fbce5d96@linux-foundation.org - Recommendation from Michael Kerrisk that a new system call should come with - a man page: https://lkml.org/lkml/2014/6/13/309 + a man page: https://lore.kernel.org/r/CAKgNAkgMA39AfoSoA5Pe1r9N+ZzfYQNvNPvcRN7tOvRb8+v06Q@mail.gmail.com - Suggestion from Thomas Gleixner that x86 wire-up should be in a separate - commit: https://lkml.org/lkml/2014/11/19/254 + commit: https://lore.kernel.org/r/alpine.DEB.2.11.1411191249560.3909@nanos - Suggestion from Greg Kroah-Hartman that it's good for new system calls to - come with a man-page & selftest: https://lkml.org/lkml/2014/3/19/710 + come with a man-page & selftest: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20140320025530.GA25469@kroah.com - Discussion from Michael Kerrisk of new system call vs. :manpage:`prctl(2)` extension: - https://lkml.org/lkml/2014/6/3/411 + https://lore.kernel.org/r/CAHO5Pa3F2MjfTtfNxa8LbnkeeU8=YJ+9tDqxZpw7Gz59E-4AUg@mail.gmail.com - Suggestion from Ingo Molnar that system calls that involve multiple arguments should encapsulate those arguments in a struct, which includes a - size field for future extensibility: https://lkml.org/lkml/2015/7/30/117 + size field for future extensibility: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20150730083831.GA22182@gmail.com - Numbering oddities arising from (re-)use of O_* numbering space flags: - commit 75069f2b5bfb ("vfs: renumber FMODE_NONOTIFY and add to uniqueness @@ -569,9 +569,9 @@ References and Sources - commit bb458c644a59 ("Safer ABI for O_TMPFILE") - Discussion from Matthew Wilcox about restrictions on 64-bit arguments: - https://lkml.org/lkml/2008/12/12/187 + https://lore.kernel.org/r/20081212152929.GM26095@parisc-linux.org - Recommendation from Greg Kroah-Hartman that unknown flags should be - policed: https://lkml.org/lkml/2014/7/17/577 + policed: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20140717193330.GB4703@kroah.com - Recommendation from Linus Torvalds that x32 system calls should prefer compatibility with 64-bit versions rather than 32-bit versions: - https://lkml.org/lkml/2011/8/31/244 + https://lore.kernel.org/r/CA+55aFxfmwfB7jbbrXxa=K7VBYPfAvmu3XOkGrLbB1UFjX1+Ew@mail.gmail.com diff --git a/Documentation/process/coding-style.rst b/Documentation/process/coding-style.rst index 98227226c4e5..42969ab37b34 100644 --- a/Documentation/process/coding-style.rst +++ b/Documentation/process/coding-style.rst @@ -69,9 +69,26 @@ something to hide: if (condition) do_this; do_something_everytime; +Don't use commas to avoid using braces: + +.. code-block:: c + + if (condition) + do_this(), do_that(); + +Always uses braces for multiple statements: + +.. code-block:: c + + if (condition) { + do_this(); + do_that(); + } + Don't put multiple assignments on a single line either. Kernel coding style is super simple. Avoid tricky expressions. + Outside of comments, documentation and except in Kconfig, spaces are never used for indentation, and the above example is deliberately broken. @@ -306,8 +323,7 @@ that counts the number of active users, you should call that Encoding the type of a function into the name (so-called Hungarian notation) is asinine - the compiler knows the types anyway and can check -those, and it only confuses the programmer. No wonder Microsoft makes buggy -programs. +those, and it only confuses the programmer. LOCAL variable names should be short, and to the point. If you have some random integer loop counter, it should probably be called ``i``. diff --git a/Documentation/process/howto.rst b/Documentation/process/howto.rst index 7a5c105e34d4..e4beeca57e5f 100644 --- a/Documentation/process/howto.rst +++ b/Documentation/process/howto.rst @@ -342,16 +342,10 @@ Adventurous testers are very welcome to runtime-test the linux-next. Bug Reporting ------------- -https://bugzilla.kernel.org is where the Linux kernel developers track kernel -bugs. Users are encouraged to report all bugs that they find in this -tool. For details on how to use the kernel bugzilla, please see: - - https://bugzilla.kernel.org/page.cgi?id=faq.html - The file 'Documentation/admin-guide/reporting-issues.rst' in the main kernel -source directory has a good template for how to report a possible kernel bug, -and details what kind of information is needed by the kernel developers to help -track down the problem. +source directory describes how to report a possible kernel bug, and details +what kind of information is needed by the kernel developers to help track +down the problem. Managing bug reports @@ -364,7 +358,13 @@ improve your skills, and other developers will be aware of your presence. Fixing bugs is one of the best ways to get merits among other developers, because not many people like wasting time fixing other people's bugs. -To work in the already reported bug reports, go to https://bugzilla.kernel.org. +To work on already reported bug reports, find a subsystem you are interested in. +Check the MAINTAINERS file where bugs for that subsystem get reported to; often +it will be a mailing list, rarely a bugtracker. Search the archives of said +place for recent reports and help where you see fit. You may also want to check +https://bugzilla.kernel.org for bug reports; only a handful of kernel subsystems +use it actively for reporting or tracking, nevertheless bugs for the whole +kernel get filed there. Mailing lists diff --git a/Documentation/process/magic-number.rst b/Documentation/process/magic-number.rst index e02ff5ffb653..fa5a62f4150c 100644 --- a/Documentation/process/magic-number.rst +++ b/Documentation/process/magic-number.rst @@ -99,7 +99,6 @@ USB_SERIAL_PORT_MAGIC 0x7301 usb_serial_port ``drivers/usb/se CG_MAGIC 0x00090255 ufs_cylinder_group ``include/linux/ufs_fs.h`` RPORT_MAGIC 0x00525001 r_port ``drivers/char/rocket_int.h`` LSEMAGIC 0x05091998 lse ``drivers/fc4/fc.c`` -GDTIOCTL_MAGIC 0x06030f07 gdth_iowr_str ``drivers/scsi/gdth_ioctl.h`` RIEBL_MAGIC 0x09051990 ``drivers/net/atarilance.c`` NBD_REQUEST_MAGIC 0x12560953 nbd_request ``include/linux/nbd.h`` RED_MAGIC2 0x170fc2a5 (any) ``mm/slab.c`` @@ -135,7 +134,6 @@ FW_HEADER_MAGIC 0x65726F66 fw_header ``drivers/atm/fo SLOT_MAGIC 0x67267321 slot ``drivers/hotplug/cpqphp.h`` SLOT_MAGIC 0x67267322 slot ``drivers/hotplug/acpiphp.h`` LO_MAGIC 0x68797548 nbd_device ``include/linux/nbd.h`` -OPROFILE_MAGIC 0x6f70726f super_block ``drivers/oprofile/oprofilefs.h`` M3_STATE_MAGIC 0x734d724d m3_state ``sound/oss/maestro3.c`` VMALLOC_MAGIC 0x87654320 snd_alloc_track ``sound/core/memory.c`` KMALLOC_MAGIC 0x87654321 snd_alloc_track ``sound/core/memory.c`` @@ -143,7 +141,6 @@ PWC_MAGIC 0x89DC10AB pwc_device ``drivers/usb/me NBD_REPLY_MAGIC 0x96744668 nbd_reply ``include/linux/nbd.h`` ENI155_MAGIC 0xa54b872d midway_eprom ``drivers/atm/eni.h`` CODA_MAGIC 0xC0DAC0DA coda_file_info ``fs/coda/coda_fs_i.h`` -DPMEM_MAGIC 0xc0ffee11 gdt_pci_sram ``drivers/scsi/gdth.h`` YAM_MAGIC 0xF10A7654 yam_port ``drivers/net/hamradio/yam.c`` CCB_MAGIC 0xf2691ad2 ccb ``drivers/scsi/ncr53c8xx.c`` QUEUE_MAGIC_FREE 0xf7e1c9a3 queue_entry ``drivers/scsi/arm/queue.c`` diff --git a/Documentation/process/submit-checklist.rst b/Documentation/process/submit-checklist.rst index 230ee42f872f..f709beaf02c9 100644 --- a/Documentation/process/submit-checklist.rst +++ b/Documentation/process/submit-checklist.rst @@ -89,30 +89,28 @@ and elsewhere regarding submitting Linux kernel patches. Patches that change userspace interfaces should be CCed to linux-api@vger.kernel.org. -19) Check that it all passes ``make headers_check``. - -20) Has been checked with injection of at least slab and page-allocation +19) Has been checked with injection of at least slab and page-allocation failures. See ``Documentation/fault-injection/``. If the new code is substantial, addition of subsystem-specific fault injection might be appropriate. -21) Newly-added code has been compiled with ``gcc -W`` (use +20) Newly-added code has been compiled with ``gcc -W`` (use ``make EXTRA_CFLAGS=-W``). This will generate lots of noise, but is good for finding bugs like "warning: comparison between signed and unsigned". -22) Tested after it has been merged into the -mm patchset to make sure +21) Tested after it has been merged into the -mm patchset to make sure that it still works with all of the other queued patches and various changes in the VM, VFS, and other subsystems. -23) All memory barriers {e.g., ``barrier()``, ``rmb()``, ``wmb()``} need a +22) All memory barriers {e.g., ``barrier()``, ``rmb()``, ``wmb()``} need a comment in the source code that explains the logic of what they are doing and why. -24) If any ioctl's are added by the patch, then also update +23) If any ioctl's are added by the patch, then also update ``Documentation/userspace-api/ioctl/ioctl-number.rst``. -25) If your modified source code depends on or uses any of the kernel +24) If your modified source code depends on or uses any of the kernel APIs or features that are related to the following ``Kconfig`` symbols, then test multiple builds with the related ``Kconfig`` symbols disabled and/or ``=m`` (if that option is available) [not all of these at the diff --git a/Documentation/process/submitting-patches.rst b/Documentation/process/submitting-patches.rst index 5ba54120bef7..8c991c863628 100644 --- a/Documentation/process/submitting-patches.rst +++ b/Documentation/process/submitting-patches.rst @@ -556,6 +556,11 @@ which stable kernel versions should receive your fix. This is the preferred method for indicating a bug fixed by the patch. See :ref:`describe_changes` for more details. +Note: Attaching a Fixes: tag does not subvert the stable kernel rules +process nor the requirement to Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org on all stable +patch candidates. For more information, please read +:ref:`Documentation/process/stable-kernel-rules.rst <stable_kernel_rules>` + .. _the_canonical_patch_format: The canonical patch format @@ -679,6 +684,26 @@ generates appropriate diffstats by default.) See more details on the proper patch format in the following references. +Backtraces in commit mesages +^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ + +Backtraces help document the call chain leading to a problem. However, +not all backtraces are helpful. For example, early boot call chains are +unique and obvious. Copying the full dmesg output verbatim, however, +adds distracting information like timestamps, module lists, register and +stack dumps. + +Therefore, the most useful backtraces should distill the relevant +information from the dump, which makes it easier to focus on the real +issue. Here is an example of a well-trimmed backtrace:: + + unchecked MSR access error: WRMSR to 0xd51 (tried to write 0x0000000000000064) + at rIP: 0xffffffffae059994 (native_write_msr+0x4/0x20) + Call Trace: + mba_wrmsr + update_domains + rdtgroup_mkdir + .. _explicit_in_reply_to: Explicit In-Reply-To headers @@ -769,13 +794,13 @@ Greg Kroah-Hartman, "How to piss off a kernel subsystem maintainer". <http://www.kroah.com/log/linux/maintainer-06.html> NO!!!! No more huge patch bombs to linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org people! - <https://lkml.org/lkml/2005/7/11/336> + <https://lore.kernel.org/r/20050711.125305.08322243.davem@davemloft.net> Kernel Documentation/process/coding-style.rst: :ref:`Documentation/process/coding-style.rst <codingstyle>` Linus Torvalds's mail on the canonical patch format: - <http://lkml.org/lkml/2005/4/7/183> + <https://lore.kernel.org/r/Pine.LNX.4.58.0504071023190.28951@ppc970.osdl.org> Andi Kleen, "On submitting kernel patches" Some strategies to get difficult or controversial changes in. |