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-# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
-"""Beautiful Soup bonus library: Unicode, Dammit
-
-This library converts a bytestream to Unicode through any means
-necessary. It is heavily based on code from Mark Pilgrim's Universal
-Feed Parser. It works best on XML and XML, but it does not rewrite the
-XML or HTML to reflect a new encoding; that's the tree builder's job.
-"""
-
-import codecs
-from htmlentitydefs import codepoint2name
-import re
-import logging
-import string
-
-# Import a library to autodetect character encodings.
-chardet_type = None
-try:
- # First try the fast C implementation.
- # PyPI package: cchardet
- import cchardet
- def chardet_dammit(s):
- return cchardet.detect(s)['encoding']
-except ImportError:
- try:
- # Fall back to the pure Python implementation
- # Debian package: python-chardet
- # PyPI package: chardet
- import chardet
- def chardet_dammit(s):
- return chardet.detect(s)['encoding']
- #import chardet.constants
- #chardet.constants._debug = 1
- except ImportError:
- # No chardet available.
- def chardet_dammit(s):
- return None
-
-# Available from http://cjkpython.i18n.org/.
-try:
- import iconv_codec
-except ImportError:
- pass
-
-xml_encoding_re = re.compile(
- '^<\?.*encoding=[\'"](.*?)[\'"].*\?>'.encode(), re.I)
-html_meta_re = re.compile(
- '<\s*meta[^>]+charset\s*=\s*["\']?([^>]*?)[ /;\'">]'.encode(), re.I)
-
-class EntitySubstitution(object):
-
- """Substitute XML or HTML entities for the corresponding characters."""
-
- def _populate_class_variables():
- lookup = {}
- reverse_lookup = {}
- characters_for_re = []
- for codepoint, name in list(codepoint2name.items()):
- character = unichr(codepoint)
- if codepoint != 34:
- # There's no point in turning the quotation mark into
- # &quot;, unless it happens within an attribute value, which
- # is handled elsewhere.
- characters_for_re.append(character)
- lookup[character] = name
- # But we do want to turn &quot; into the quotation mark.
- reverse_lookup[name] = character
- re_definition = "[%s]" % "".join(characters_for_re)
- return lookup, reverse_lookup, re.compile(re_definition)
- (CHARACTER_TO_HTML_ENTITY, HTML_ENTITY_TO_CHARACTER,
- CHARACTER_TO_HTML_ENTITY_RE) = _populate_class_variables()
-
- CHARACTER_TO_XML_ENTITY = {
- "'": "apos",
- '"': "quot",
- "&": "amp",
- "<": "lt",
- ">": "gt",
- }
-
- BARE_AMPERSAND_OR_BRACKET = re.compile("([<>]|"
- "&(?!#\d+;|#x[0-9a-fA-F]+;|\w+;)"
- ")")
-
- AMPERSAND_OR_BRACKET = re.compile("([<>&])")
-
- @classmethod
- def _substitute_html_entity(cls, matchobj):
- entity = cls.CHARACTER_TO_HTML_ENTITY.get(matchobj.group(0))
- return "&%s;" % entity
-
- @classmethod
- def _substitute_xml_entity(cls, matchobj):
- """Used with a regular expression to substitute the
- appropriate XML entity for an XML special character."""
- entity = cls.CHARACTER_TO_XML_ENTITY[matchobj.group(0)]
- return "&%s;" % entity
-
- @classmethod
- def quoted_attribute_value(self, value):
- """Make a value into a quoted XML attribute, possibly escaping it.
-
- Most strings will be quoted using double quotes.
-
- Bob's Bar -> "Bob's Bar"
-
- If a string contains double quotes, it will be quoted using
- single quotes.
-
- Welcome to "my bar" -> 'Welcome to "my bar"'
-
- If a string contains both single and double quotes, the
- double quotes will be escaped, and the string will be quoted
- using double quotes.
-
- Welcome to "Bob's Bar" -> "Welcome to &quot;Bob's bar&quot;
- """
- quote_with = '"'
- if '"' in value:
- if "'" in value:
- # The string contains both single and double
- # quotes. Turn the double quotes into
- # entities. We quote the double quotes rather than
- # the single quotes because the entity name is
- # "&quot;" whether this is HTML or XML. If we
- # quoted the single quotes, we'd have to decide
- # between &apos; and &squot;.
- replace_with = "&quot;"
- value = value.replace('"', replace_with)
- else:
- # There are double quotes but no single quotes.
- # We can use single quotes to quote the attribute.
- quote_with = "'"
- return quote_with + value + quote_with
-
- @classmethod
- def substitute_xml(cls, value, make_quoted_attribute=False):
- """Substitute XML entities for special XML characters.
-
- :param value: A string to be substituted. The less-than sign
- will become &lt;, the greater-than sign will become &gt;,
- and any ampersands will become &amp;. If you want ampersands
- that appear to be part of an entity definition to be left
- alone, use substitute_xml_containing_entities() instead.
-
- :param make_quoted_attribute: If True, then the string will be
- quoted, as befits an attribute value.
- """
- # Escape angle brackets and ampersands.
- value = cls.AMPERSAND_OR_BRACKET.sub(
- cls._substitute_xml_entity, value)
-
- if make_quoted_attribute:
- value = cls.quoted_attribute_value(value)
- return value
-
- @classmethod
- def substitute_xml_containing_entities(
- cls, value, make_quoted_attribute=False):
- """Substitute XML entities for special XML characters.
-
- :param value: A string to be substituted. The less-than sign will
- become &lt;, the greater-than sign will become &gt;, and any
- ampersands that are not part of an entity defition will
- become &amp;.
-
- :param make_quoted_attribute: If True, then the string will be
- quoted, as befits an attribute value.
- """
- # Escape angle brackets, and ampersands that aren't part of
- # entities.
- value = cls.BARE_AMPERSAND_OR_BRACKET.sub(
- cls._substitute_xml_entity, value)
-
- if make_quoted_attribute:
- value = cls.quoted_attribute_value(value)
- return value
-
- @classmethod
- def substitute_html(cls, s):
- """Replace certain Unicode characters with named HTML entities.
-
- This differs from data.encode(encoding, 'xmlcharrefreplace')
- in that the goal is to make the result more readable (to those
- with ASCII displays) rather than to recover from
- errors. There's absolutely nothing wrong with a UTF-8 string
- containg a LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH ACUTE, but replacing that
- character with "&eacute;" will make it more readable to some
- people.
- """
- return cls.CHARACTER_TO_HTML_ENTITY_RE.sub(
- cls._substitute_html_entity, s)
-
-
-class EncodingDetector:
- """Suggests a number of possible encodings for a bytestring.
-
- Order of precedence:
-
- 1. Encodings you specifically tell EncodingDetector to try first
- (the override_encodings argument to the constructor).
-
- 2. An encoding declared within the bytestring itself, either in an
- XML declaration (if the bytestring is to be interpreted as an XML
- document), or in a <meta> tag (if the bytestring is to be
- interpreted as an HTML document.)
-
- 3. An encoding detected through textual analysis by chardet,
- cchardet, or a similar external library.
-
- 4. UTF-8.
-
- 5. Windows-1252.
- """
- def __init__(self, markup, override_encodings=None, is_html=False):
- self.override_encodings = override_encodings or []
- self.chardet_encoding = None
- self.is_html = is_html
- self.declared_encoding = None
-
- # First order of business: strip a byte-order mark.
- self.markup, self.sniffed_encoding = self.strip_byte_order_mark(markup)
-
- def _usable(self, encoding, tried):
- if encoding is not None:
- encoding = encoding.lower()
- if encoding not in tried:
- tried.add(encoding)
- return True
- return False
-
- @property
- def encodings(self):
- """Yield a number of encodings that might work for this markup."""
- tried = set()
- for e in self.override_encodings:
- if self._usable(e, tried):
- yield e
-
- # Did the document originally start with a byte-order mark
- # that indicated its encoding?
- if self._usable(self.sniffed_encoding, tried):
- yield self.sniffed_encoding
-
- # Look within the document for an XML or HTML encoding
- # declaration.
- if self.declared_encoding is None:
- self.declared_encoding = self.find_declared_encoding(
- self.markup, self.is_html)
- if self._usable(self.declared_encoding, tried):
- yield self.declared_encoding
-
- # Use third-party character set detection to guess at the
- # encoding.
- if self.chardet_encoding is None:
- self.chardet_encoding = chardet_dammit(self.markup)
- if self._usable(self.chardet_encoding, tried):
- yield self.chardet_encoding
-
- # As a last-ditch effort, try utf-8 and windows-1252.
- for e in ('utf-8', 'windows-1252'):
- if self._usable(e, tried):
- yield e
-
- @classmethod
- def strip_byte_order_mark(cls, data):
- """If a byte-order mark is present, strip it and return the encoding it implies."""
- encoding = None
- if (len(data) >= 4) and (data[:2] == b'\xfe\xff') \
- and (data[2:4] != '\x00\x00'):
- encoding = 'utf-16be'
- data = data[2:]
- elif (len(data) >= 4) and (data[:2] == b'\xff\xfe') \
- and (data[2:4] != '\x00\x00'):
- encoding = 'utf-16le'
- data = data[2:]
- elif data[:3] == b'\xef\xbb\xbf':
- encoding = 'utf-8'
- data = data[3:]
- elif data[:4] == b'\x00\x00\xfe\xff':
- encoding = 'utf-32be'
- data = data[4:]
- elif data[:4] == b'\xff\xfe\x00\x00':
- encoding = 'utf-32le'
- data = data[4:]
- return data, encoding
-
- @classmethod
- def find_declared_encoding(cls, markup, is_html=False, search_entire_document=False):
- """Given a document, tries to find its declared encoding.
-
- An XML encoding is declared at the beginning of the document.
-
- An HTML encoding is declared in a <meta> tag, hopefully near the
- beginning of the document.
- """
- if search_entire_document:
- xml_endpos = html_endpos = len(markup)
- else:
- xml_endpos = 1024
- html_endpos = max(2048, int(len(markup) * 0.05))
-
- declared_encoding = None
- declared_encoding_match = xml_encoding_re.search(markup, endpos=xml_endpos)
- if not declared_encoding_match and is_html:
- declared_encoding_match = html_meta_re.search(markup, endpos=html_endpos)
- if declared_encoding_match is not None:
- declared_encoding = declared_encoding_match.groups()[0].decode(
- 'ascii')
- if declared_encoding:
- return declared_encoding.lower()
- return None
-
-class UnicodeDammit:
- """A class for detecting the encoding of a *ML document and
- converting it to a Unicode string. If the source encoding is
- windows-1252, can replace MS smart quotes with their HTML or XML
- equivalents."""
-
- # This dictionary maps commonly seen values for "charset" in HTML
- # meta tags to the corresponding Python codec names. It only covers
- # values that aren't in Python's aliases and can't be determined
- # by the heuristics in find_codec.
- CHARSET_ALIASES = {"macintosh": "mac-roman",
- "x-sjis": "shift-jis"}
-
- ENCODINGS_WITH_SMART_QUOTES = [
- "windows-1252",
- "iso-8859-1",
- "iso-8859-2",
- ]
-
- def __init__(self, markup, override_encodings=[],
- smart_quotes_to=None, is_html=False):
- self.smart_quotes_to = smart_quotes_to
- self.tried_encodings = []
- self.contains_replacement_characters = False
- self.is_html = is_html
-
- self.detector = EncodingDetector(markup, override_encodings, is_html)
-
- # Short-circuit if the data is in Unicode to begin with.
- if isinstance(markup, unicode) or markup == '':
- self.markup = markup
- self.unicode_markup = unicode(markup)
- self.original_encoding = None
- return
-
- # The encoding detector may have stripped a byte-order mark.
- # Use the stripped markup from this point on.
- self.markup = self.detector.markup
-
- u = None
- for encoding in self.detector.encodings:
- markup = self.detector.markup
- u = self._convert_from(encoding)
- if u is not None:
- break
-
- if not u:
- # None of the encodings worked. As an absolute last resort,
- # try them again with character replacement.
-
- for encoding in self.detector.encodings:
- if encoding != "ascii":
- u = self._convert_from(encoding, "replace")
- if u is not None:
- logging.warning(
- "Some characters could not be decoded, and were "
- "replaced with REPLACEMENT CHARACTER.")
- self.contains_replacement_characters = True
- break
-
- # If none of that worked, we could at this point force it to
- # ASCII, but that would destroy so much data that I think
- # giving up is better.
- self.unicode_markup = u
- if not u:
- self.original_encoding = None
-
- def _sub_ms_char(self, match):
- """Changes a MS smart quote character to an XML or HTML
- entity, or an ASCII character."""
- orig = match.group(1)
- if self.smart_quotes_to == 'ascii':
- sub = self.MS_CHARS_TO_ASCII.get(orig).encode()
- else:
- sub = self.MS_CHARS.get(orig)
- if type(sub) == tuple:
- if self.smart_quotes_to == 'xml':
- sub = '&#x'.encode() + sub[1].encode() + ';'.encode()
- else:
- sub = '&'.encode() + sub[0].encode() + ';'.encode()
- else:
- sub = sub.encode()
- return sub
-
- def _convert_from(self, proposed, errors="strict"):
- proposed = self.find_codec(proposed)
- if not proposed or (proposed, errors) in self.tried_encodings:
- return None
- self.tried_encodings.append((proposed, errors))
- markup = self.markup
- # Convert smart quotes to HTML if coming from an encoding
- # that might have them.
- if (self.smart_quotes_to is not None
- and proposed in self.ENCODINGS_WITH_SMART_QUOTES):
- smart_quotes_re = b"([\x80-\x9f])"
- smart_quotes_compiled = re.compile(smart_quotes_re)
- markup = smart_quotes_compiled.sub(self._sub_ms_char, markup)
-
- try:
- #print "Trying to convert document to %s (errors=%s)" % (
- # proposed, errors)
- u = self._to_unicode(markup, proposed, errors)
- self.markup = u
- self.original_encoding = proposed
- except Exception as e:
- #print "That didn't work!"
- #print e
- return None
- #print "Correct encoding: %s" % proposed
- return self.markup
-
- def _to_unicode(self, data, encoding, errors="strict"):
- '''Given a string and its encoding, decodes the string into Unicode.
- %encoding is a string recognized by encodings.aliases'''
- return unicode(data, encoding, errors)
-
- @property
- def declared_html_encoding(self):
- if not self.is_html:
- return None
- return self.detector.declared_encoding
-
- def find_codec(self, charset):
- value = (self._codec(self.CHARSET_ALIASES.get(charset, charset))
- or (charset and self._codec(charset.replace("-", "")))
- or (charset and self._codec(charset.replace("-", "_")))
- or (charset and charset.lower())
- or charset
- )
- if value:
- return value.lower()
- return None
-
- def _codec(self, charset):
- if not charset:
- return charset
- codec = None
- try:
- codecs.lookup(charset)
- codec = charset
- except (LookupError, ValueError):
- pass
- return codec
-
-
- # A partial mapping of ISO-Latin-1 to HTML entities/XML numeric entities.
- MS_CHARS = {b'\x80': ('euro', '20AC'),
- b'\x81': ' ',
- b'\x82': ('sbquo', '201A'),
- b'\x83': ('fnof', '192'),
- b'\x84': ('bdquo', '201E'),
- b'\x85': ('hellip', '2026'),
- b'\x86': ('dagger', '2020'),
- b'\x87': ('Dagger', '2021'),
- b'\x88': ('circ', '2C6'),
- b'\x89': ('permil', '2030'),
- b'\x8A': ('Scaron', '160'),
- b'\x8B': ('lsaquo', '2039'),
- b'\x8C': ('OElig', '152'),
- b'\x8D': '?',
- b'\x8E': ('#x17D', '17D'),
- b'\x8F': '?',
- b'\x90': '?',
- b'\x91': ('lsquo', '2018'),
- b'\x92': ('rsquo', '2019'),
- b'\x93': ('ldquo', '201C'),
- b'\x94': ('rdquo', '201D'),
- b'\x95': ('bull', '2022'),
- b'\x96': ('ndash', '2013'),
- b'\x97': ('mdash', '2014'),
- b'\x98': ('tilde', '2DC'),
- b'\x99': ('trade', '2122'),
- b'\x9a': ('scaron', '161'),
- b'\x9b': ('rsaquo', '203A'),
- b'\x9c': ('oelig', '153'),
- b'\x9d': '?',
- b'\x9e': ('#x17E', '17E'),
- b'\x9f': ('Yuml', ''),}
-
- # A parochial partial mapping of ISO-Latin-1 to ASCII. Contains
- # horrors like stripping diacritical marks to turn á into a, but also
- # contains non-horrors like turning “ into ".
- MS_CHARS_TO_ASCII = {
- b'\x80' : 'EUR',
- b'\x81' : ' ',
- b'\x82' : ',',
- b'\x83' : 'f',
- b'\x84' : ',,',
- b'\x85' : '...',
- b'\x86' : '+',
- b'\x87' : '++',
- b'\x88' : '^',
- b'\x89' : '%',
- b'\x8a' : 'S',
- b'\x8b' : '<',
- b'\x8c' : 'OE',
- b'\x8d' : '?',
- b'\x8e' : 'Z',
- b'\x8f' : '?',
- b'\x90' : '?',
- b'\x91' : "'",
- b'\x92' : "'",
- b'\x93' : '"',
- b'\x94' : '"',
- b'\x95' : '*',
- b'\x96' : '-',
- b'\x97' : '--',
- b'\x98' : '~',
- b'\x99' : '(TM)',
- b'\x9a' : 's',
- b'\x9b' : '>',
- b'\x9c' : 'oe',
- b'\x9d' : '?',
- b'\x9e' : 'z',
- b'\x9f' : 'Y',
- b'\xa0' : ' ',
- b'\xa1' : '!',
- b'\xa2' : 'c',
- b'\xa3' : 'GBP',
- b'\xa4' : '$', #This approximation is especially parochial--this is the
- #generic currency symbol.
- b'\xa5' : 'YEN',
- b'\xa6' : '|',
- b'\xa7' : 'S',
- b'\xa8' : '..',
- b'\xa9' : '',
- b'\xaa' : '(th)',
- b'\xab' : '<<',
- b'\xac' : '!',
- b'\xad' : ' ',
- b'\xae' : '(R)',
- b'\xaf' : '-',
- b'\xb0' : 'o',
- b'\xb1' : '+-',
- b'\xb2' : '2',
- b'\xb3' : '3',
- b'\xb4' : ("'", 'acute'),
- b'\xb5' : 'u',
- b'\xb6' : 'P',
- b'\xb7' : '*',
- b'\xb8' : ',',
- b'\xb9' : '1',
- b'\xba' : '(th)',
- b'\xbb' : '>>',
- b'\xbc' : '1/4',
- b'\xbd' : '1/2',
- b'\xbe' : '3/4',
- b'\xbf' : '?',
- b'\xc0' : 'A',
- b'\xc1' : 'A',
- b'\xc2' : 'A',
- b'\xc3' : 'A',
- b'\xc4' : 'A',
- b'\xc5' : 'A',
- b'\xc6' : 'AE',
- b'\xc7' : 'C',
- b'\xc8' : 'E',
- b'\xc9' : 'E',
- b'\xca' : 'E',
- b'\xcb' : 'E',
- b'\xcc' : 'I',
- b'\xcd' : 'I',
- b'\xce' : 'I',
- b'\xcf' : 'I',
- b'\xd0' : 'D',
- b'\xd1' : 'N',
- b'\xd2' : 'O',
- b'\xd3' : 'O',
- b'\xd4' : 'O',
- b'\xd5' : 'O',
- b'\xd6' : 'O',
- b'\xd7' : '*',
- b'\xd8' : 'O',
- b'\xd9' : 'U',
- b'\xda' : 'U',
- b'\xdb' : 'U',
- b'\xdc' : 'U',
- b'\xdd' : 'Y',
- b'\xde' : 'b',
- b'\xdf' : 'B',
- b'\xe0' : 'a',
- b'\xe1' : 'a',
- b'\xe2' : 'a',
- b'\xe3' : 'a',
- b'\xe4' : 'a',
- b'\xe5' : 'a',
- b'\xe6' : 'ae',
- b'\xe7' : 'c',
- b'\xe8' : 'e',
- b'\xe9' : 'e',
- b'\xea' : 'e',
- b'\xeb' : 'e',
- b'\xec' : 'i',
- b'\xed' : 'i',
- b'\xee' : 'i',
- b'\xef' : 'i',
- b'\xf0' : 'o',
- b'\xf1' : 'n',
- b'\xf2' : 'o',
- b'\xf3' : 'o',
- b'\xf4' : 'o',
- b'\xf5' : 'o',
- b'\xf6' : 'o',
- b'\xf7' : '/',
- b'\xf8' : 'o',
- b'\xf9' : 'u',
- b'\xfa' : 'u',
- b'\xfb' : 'u',
- b'\xfc' : 'u',
- b'\xfd' : 'y',
- b'\xfe' : 'b',
- b'\xff' : 'y',
- }
-
- # A map used when removing rogue Windows-1252/ISO-8859-1
- # characters in otherwise UTF-8 documents.
- #
- # Note that \x81, \x8d, \x8f, \x90, and \x9d are undefined in
- # Windows-1252.
- WINDOWS_1252_TO_UTF8 = {
- 0x80 : b'\xe2\x82\xac', # €
- 0x82 : b'\xe2\x80\x9a', # ‚
- 0x83 : b'\xc6\x92', # ƒ
- 0x84 : b'\xe2\x80\x9e', # „
- 0x85 : b'\xe2\x80\xa6', # …
- 0x86 : b'\xe2\x80\xa0', # †
- 0x87 : b'\xe2\x80\xa1', # ‡
- 0x88 : b'\xcb\x86', # ˆ
- 0x89 : b'\xe2\x80\xb0', # ‰
- 0x8a : b'\xc5\xa0', # Š
- 0x8b : b'\xe2\x80\xb9', # ‹
- 0x8c : b'\xc5\x92', # Œ
- 0x8e : b'\xc5\xbd', # Ž
- 0x91 : b'\xe2\x80\x98', # ‘
- 0x92 : b'\xe2\x80\x99', # ’
- 0x93 : b'\xe2\x80\x9c', # “
- 0x94 : b'\xe2\x80\x9d', # ”
- 0x95 : b'\xe2\x80\xa2', # •
- 0x96 : b'\xe2\x80\x93', # –
- 0x97 : b'\xe2\x80\x94', # —
- 0x98 : b'\xcb\x9c', # ˜
- 0x99 : b'\xe2\x84\xa2', # ™
- 0x9a : b'\xc5\xa1', # š
- 0x9b : b'\xe2\x80\xba', # ›
- 0x9c : b'\xc5\x93', # œ
- 0x9e : b'\xc5\xbe', # ž
- 0x9f : b'\xc5\xb8', # Ÿ
- 0xa0 : b'\xc2\xa0', #  
- 0xa1 : b'\xc2\xa1', # ¡
- 0xa2 : b'\xc2\xa2', # ¢
- 0xa3 : b'\xc2\xa3', # £
- 0xa4 : b'\xc2\xa4', # ¤
- 0xa5 : b'\xc2\xa5', # ¥
- 0xa6 : b'\xc2\xa6', # ¦
- 0xa7 : b'\xc2\xa7', # §
- 0xa8 : b'\xc2\xa8', # ¨
- 0xa9 : b'\xc2\xa9', # ©
- 0xaa : b'\xc2\xaa', # ª
- 0xab : b'\xc2\xab', # «
- 0xac : b'\xc2\xac', # ¬
- 0xad : b'\xc2\xad', # ­
- 0xae : b'\xc2\xae', # ®
- 0xaf : b'\xc2\xaf', # ¯
- 0xb0 : b'\xc2\xb0', # °
- 0xb1 : b'\xc2\xb1', # ±
- 0xb2 : b'\xc2\xb2', # ²
- 0xb3 : b'\xc2\xb3', # ³
- 0xb4 : b'\xc2\xb4', # ´
- 0xb5 : b'\xc2\xb5', # µ
- 0xb6 : b'\xc2\xb6', # ¶
- 0xb7 : b'\xc2\xb7', # ·
- 0xb8 : b'\xc2\xb8', # ¸
- 0xb9 : b'\xc2\xb9', # ¹
- 0xba : b'\xc2\xba', # º
- 0xbb : b'\xc2\xbb', # »
- 0xbc : b'\xc2\xbc', # ¼
- 0xbd : b'\xc2\xbd', # ½
- 0xbe : b'\xc2\xbe', # ¾
- 0xbf : b'\xc2\xbf', # ¿
- 0xc0 : b'\xc3\x80', # À
- 0xc1 : b'\xc3\x81', # Á
- 0xc2 : b'\xc3\x82', # Â
- 0xc3 : b'\xc3\x83', # Ã
- 0xc4 : b'\xc3\x84', # Ä
- 0xc5 : b'\xc3\x85', # Å
- 0xc6 : b'\xc3\x86', # Æ
- 0xc7 : b'\xc3\x87', # Ç
- 0xc8 : b'\xc3\x88', # È
- 0xc9 : b'\xc3\x89', # É
- 0xca : b'\xc3\x8a', # Ê
- 0xcb : b'\xc3\x8b', # Ë
- 0xcc : b'\xc3\x8c', # Ì
- 0xcd : b'\xc3\x8d', # Í
- 0xce : b'\xc3\x8e', # Î
- 0xcf : b'\xc3\x8f', # Ï
- 0xd0 : b'\xc3\x90', # Ð
- 0xd1 : b'\xc3\x91', # Ñ
- 0xd2 : b'\xc3\x92', # Ò
- 0xd3 : b'\xc3\x93', # Ó
- 0xd4 : b'\xc3\x94', # Ô
- 0xd5 : b'\xc3\x95', # Õ
- 0xd6 : b'\xc3\x96', # Ö
- 0xd7 : b'\xc3\x97', # ×
- 0xd8 : b'\xc3\x98', # Ø
- 0xd9 : b'\xc3\x99', # Ù
- 0xda : b'\xc3\x9a', # Ú
- 0xdb : b'\xc3\x9b', # Û
- 0xdc : b'\xc3\x9c', # Ü
- 0xdd : b'\xc3\x9d', # Ý
- 0xde : b'\xc3\x9e', # Þ
- 0xdf : b'\xc3\x9f', # ß
- 0xe0 : b'\xc3\xa0', # à
- 0xe1 : b'\xa1', # á
- 0xe2 : b'\xc3\xa2', # â
- 0xe3 : b'\xc3\xa3', # ã
- 0xe4 : b'\xc3\xa4', # ä
- 0xe5 : b'\xc3\xa5', # å
- 0xe6 : b'\xc3\xa6', # æ
- 0xe7 : b'\xc3\xa7', # ç
- 0xe8 : b'\xc3\xa8', # è
- 0xe9 : b'\xc3\xa9', # é
- 0xea : b'\xc3\xaa', # ê
- 0xeb : b'\xc3\xab', # ë
- 0xec : b'\xc3\xac', # ì
- 0xed : b'\xc3\xad', # í
- 0xee : b'\xc3\xae', # î
- 0xef : b'\xc3\xaf', # ï
- 0xf0 : b'\xc3\xb0', # ð
- 0xf1 : b'\xc3\xb1', # ñ
- 0xf2 : b'\xc3\xb2', # ò
- 0xf3 : b'\xc3\xb3', # ó
- 0xf4 : b'\xc3\xb4', # ô
- 0xf5 : b'\xc3\xb5', # õ
- 0xf6 : b'\xc3\xb6', # ö
- 0xf7 : b'\xc3\xb7', # ÷
- 0xf8 : b'\xc3\xb8', # ø
- 0xf9 : b'\xc3\xb9', # ù
- 0xfa : b'\xc3\xba', # ú
- 0xfb : b'\xc3\xbb', # û
- 0xfc : b'\xc3\xbc', # ü
- 0xfd : b'\xc3\xbd', # ý
- 0xfe : b'\xc3\xbe', # þ
- }
-
- MULTIBYTE_MARKERS_AND_SIZES = [
- (0xc2, 0xdf, 2), # 2-byte characters start with a byte C2-DF
- (0xe0, 0xef, 3), # 3-byte characters start with E0-EF
- (0xf0, 0xf4, 4), # 4-byte characters start with F0-F4
- ]
-
- FIRST_MULTIBYTE_MARKER = MULTIBYTE_MARKERS_AND_SIZES[0][0]
- LAST_MULTIBYTE_MARKER = MULTIBYTE_MARKERS_AND_SIZES[-1][1]
-
- @classmethod
- def detwingle(cls, in_bytes, main_encoding="utf8",
- embedded_encoding="windows-1252"):
- """Fix characters from one encoding embedded in some other encoding.
-
- Currently the only situation supported is Windows-1252 (or its
- subset ISO-8859-1), embedded in UTF-8.
-
- The input must be a bytestring. If you've already converted
- the document to Unicode, you're too late.
-
- The output is a bytestring in which `embedded_encoding`
- characters have been converted to their `main_encoding`
- equivalents.
- """
- if embedded_encoding.replace('_', '-').lower() not in (
- 'windows-1252', 'windows_1252'):
- raise NotImplementedError(
- "Windows-1252 and ISO-8859-1 are the only currently supported "
- "embedded encodings.")
-
- if main_encoding.lower() not in ('utf8', 'utf-8'):
- raise NotImplementedError(
- "UTF-8 is the only currently supported main encoding.")
-
- byte_chunks = []
-
- chunk_start = 0
- pos = 0
- while pos < len(in_bytes):
- byte = in_bytes[pos]
- if not isinstance(byte, int):
- # Python 2.x
- byte = ord(byte)
- if (byte >= cls.FIRST_MULTIBYTE_MARKER
- and byte <= cls.LAST_MULTIBYTE_MARKER):
- # This is the start of a UTF-8 multibyte character. Skip
- # to the end.
- for start, end, size in cls.MULTIBYTE_MARKERS_AND_SIZES:
- if byte >= start and byte <= end:
- pos += size
- break
- elif byte >= 0x80 and byte in cls.WINDOWS_1252_TO_UTF8:
- # We found a Windows-1252 character!
- # Save the string up to this point as a chunk.
- byte_chunks.append(in_bytes[chunk_start:pos])
-
- # Now translate the Windows-1252 character into UTF-8
- # and add it as another, one-byte chunk.
- byte_chunks.append(cls.WINDOWS_1252_TO_UTF8[byte])
- pos += 1
- chunk_start = pos
- else:
- # Go on to the next character.
- pos += 1
- if chunk_start == 0:
- # The string is unchanged.
- return in_bytes
- else:
- # Store the final chunk.
- byte_chunks.append(in_bytes[chunk_start:])
- return b''.join(byte_chunks)
-