bcachefs: Freespace, need_discard btrees

This adds two new btrees for the upcoming allocator rewrite: an extents
btree of free buckets, and a btree for buckets awaiting discards.

We also add a new trigger for alloc keys to keep the new btrees up to
date, and a compatibility path to initialize them on existing
filesystems.

Signed-off-by: Kent Overstreet <kent.overstreet@linux.dev>

16 files changed, 377 insertions, 54 deletions

diff --git a/fs/bcachefs/alloc_background.c b/fs/bcachefs/alloc_background.c
index 099be1290b4c..5d553d9b6151 100644
--- a/fs/bcachefs/alloc_background.c
+++ b/fs/bcachefs/alloc_background.c
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@
 #include "debug.h"
 #include "ec.h"
 #include "error.h"
+#include "lru.h"
 #include "recovery.h"
 #include "trace.h"
 #include "varint.h"
@@ -41,6 +42,15 @@ static const unsigned BCH_ALLOC_V1_FIELD_BYTES[] = {
 #undef x
 };
 
+const char * const bch2_bucket_states[] = {
+	"free",
+	"need gc gens",
+	"need discard",
+	"cached",
+	"dirty",
+	NULL
+};
+
 struct bkey_alloc_unpacked {
 	u64		journal_seq;
 	u64		bucket;
@@ -448,6 +458,217 @@ int bch2_alloc_read(struct bch_fs *c, bool gc, bool metadata_only)
 	return ret;
 }
 
+/* Free space/discard btree: */
+
+static int bch2_bucket_do_index(struct btree_trans *trans,
+				struct bkey_s_c alloc_k,
+				struct bch_alloc_v4 a,
+				bool set)
+{
+	struct bch_fs *c = trans->c;
+	struct bch_dev *ca = bch_dev_bkey_exists(c, alloc_k.k->p.inode);
+	struct btree_iter iter;
+	struct bkey_s_c old;
+	struct bkey_i *k;
+	enum bucket_state state = bucket_state(a);
+	enum btree_id btree;
+	enum bch_bkey_type old_type = !set ? KEY_TYPE_set : KEY_TYPE_deleted;
+	enum bch_bkey_type new_type =  set ? KEY_TYPE_set : KEY_TYPE_deleted;
+	struct printbuf buf = PRINTBUF;
+	int ret;
+
+	if (state != BUCKET_free &&
+	    state != BUCKET_need_discard)
+		return 0;
+
+	k = bch2_trans_kmalloc(trans, sizeof(*k));
+	if (IS_ERR(k))
+		return PTR_ERR(k);
+
+	bkey_init(&k->k);
+	k->k.type = new_type;
+
+	switch (state) {
+	case BUCKET_free:
+		btree = BTREE_ID_freespace;
+		k->k.p = alloc_freespace_pos(alloc_k.k->p, a);
+		bch2_key_resize(&k->k, 1);
+		break;
+	case BUCKET_need_discard:
+		btree = BTREE_ID_need_discard;
+		k->k.p = alloc_k.k->p;
+		break;
+	default:
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	bch2_trans_iter_init(trans, &iter, btree,
+			     bkey_start_pos(&k->k),
+			     BTREE_ITER_INTENT);
+	old = bch2_btree_iter_peek_slot(&iter);
+	ret = bkey_err(old);
+	if (ret)
+		goto err;
+
+	if (ca->mi.freespace_initialized &&
+	    bch2_fs_inconsistent_on(old.k->type != old_type, c,
+			"incorrect key when %s %s btree (got %s should be %s)\n"
+			"  for %s",
+			set ? "setting" : "clearing",
+			bch2_btree_ids[btree],
+			bch2_bkey_types[old.k->type],
+			bch2_bkey_types[old_type],
+			(bch2_bkey_val_to_text(&buf, c, alloc_k), buf.buf))) {
+		ret = -EIO;
+		goto err;
+	}
+
+	ret = bch2_trans_update(trans, &iter, k, 0);
+err:
+	bch2_trans_iter_exit(trans, &iter);
+	printbuf_exit(&buf);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+int bch2_trans_mark_alloc(struct btree_trans *trans,
+			  struct bkey_s_c old, struct bkey_i *new,
+			  unsigned flags)
+{
+	struct bch_fs *c = trans->c;
+	struct bch_alloc_v4 old_a, *new_a;
+	u64 old_lru, new_lru;
+	int ret = 0;
+
+	/*
+	 * Deletion only happens in the device removal path, with
+	 * BTREE_TRIGGER_NORUN:
+	 */
+	BUG_ON(new->k.type != KEY_TYPE_alloc_v4);
+
+	bch2_alloc_to_v4(old, &old_a);
+	new_a = &bkey_i_to_alloc_v4(new)->v;
+
+	if (new_a->dirty_sectors > old_a.dirty_sectors ||
+	    new_a->cached_sectors > old_a.cached_sectors) {
+		new_a->io_time[READ] = max_t(u64, 1, atomic64_read(&c->io_clock[READ].now));
+		new_a->io_time[WRITE]= max_t(u64, 1, atomic64_read(&c->io_clock[WRITE].now));
+		SET_BCH_ALLOC_V4_NEED_INC_GEN(new_a, true);
+		SET_BCH_ALLOC_V4_NEED_DISCARD(new_a, true);
+	}
+
+	if (old_a.data_type && !new_a->data_type &&
+	    old_a.gen == new_a->gen &&
+	    !bch2_bucket_is_open_safe(c, new->k.p.inode, new->k.p.offset)) {
+		new_a->gen++;
+		SET_BCH_ALLOC_V4_NEED_INC_GEN(new_a, false);
+	}
+
+	if (bucket_state(old_a) != bucket_state(*new_a) ||
+	    (bucket_state(*new_a) == BUCKET_free &&
+	     alloc_freespace_genbits(old_a) != alloc_freespace_genbits(*new_a))) {
+		ret =   bch2_bucket_do_index(trans, old, old_a, false) ?:
+			bch2_bucket_do_index(trans, bkey_i_to_s_c(new), *new_a, true);
+		if (ret)
+			return ret;
+	}
+
+	old_lru = alloc_lru_idx(old_a);
+	new_lru = alloc_lru_idx(*new_a);
+
+	if (old_lru != new_lru) {
+		ret = bch2_lru_change(trans, new->k.p.inode, new->k.p.offset,
+				      old_lru, &new_lru);
+		if (ret)
+			return ret;
+
+		if (new_lru && new_a->io_time[READ] != new_lru)
+			new_a->io_time[READ] = new_lru;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int bch2_dev_freespace_init(struct bch_fs *c, struct bch_dev *ca)
+{
+	struct btree_trans trans;
+	struct btree_iter iter;
+	struct bkey_s_c k;
+	struct bch_alloc_v4 a;
+	struct bch_member *m;
+	int ret;
+
+	bch2_trans_init(&trans, c, 0, 0);
+
+	for_each_btree_key(&trans, iter, BTREE_ID_alloc,
+			   POS(ca->dev_idx, ca->mi.first_bucket),
+			   BTREE_ITER_SLOTS|
+			   BTREE_ITER_PREFETCH, k, ret) {
+		if (iter.pos.offset >= ca->mi.nbuckets)
+			break;
+
+		bch2_alloc_to_v4(k, &a);
+		ret = __bch2_trans_do(&trans, NULL, NULL,
+				      BTREE_INSERT_LAZY_RW,
+				 bch2_bucket_do_index(&trans, k, a, true));
+		if (ret)
+			break;
+	}
+	bch2_trans_iter_exit(&trans, &iter);
+
+	bch2_trans_exit(&trans);
+
+	if (ret) {
+		bch_err(ca, "error initializing free space: %i", ret);
+		return ret;
+	}
+
+	mutex_lock(&c->sb_lock);
+	m = bch2_sb_get_members(c->disk_sb.sb)->members + ca->dev_idx;
+	SET_BCH_MEMBER_FREESPACE_INITIALIZED(m, true);
+	mutex_unlock(&c->sb_lock);
+
+	return ret;
+}
+
+int bch2_fs_freespace_init(struct bch_fs *c)
+{
+	struct bch_dev *ca;
+	unsigned i;
+	int ret = 0;
+	bool doing_init = false;
+
+	/*
+	 * We can crash during the device add path, so we need to check this on
+	 * every mount:
+	 */
+
+	for_each_member_device(ca, c, i) {
+		if (ca->mi.freespace_initialized)
+			continue;
+
+		if (!doing_init) {
+			bch_info(c, "initializing freespace");
+			doing_init = true;
+		}
+
+		ret = bch2_dev_freespace_init(c, ca);
+		if (ret) {
+			percpu_ref_put(&ca->ref);
+			return ret;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (doing_init) {
+		mutex_lock(&c->sb_lock);
+		bch2_write_super(c);
+		mutex_unlock(&c->sb_lock);
+
+		bch_verbose(c, "done initializing freespace");
+	}
+
+	return ret;
+}
+
 /* Bucket IO clocks: */
 
 int bch2_bucket_io_time_reset(struct btree_trans *trans, unsigned dev,
@@ -485,6 +706,16 @@ out:
  * commands to the newly free buckets, then puts them on the various freelists.
  */
 
+/*
+ * bucket_gc_gen() returns the difference between the bucket's current gen and
+ * the oldest gen of any pointer into that bucket in the btree.
+ */
+
+static inline u8 bucket_gc_gen(struct bucket *g)
+{
+	return g->mark.gen - g->oldest_gen;
+}
+
 static bool bch2_can_invalidate_bucket(struct bch_dev *ca, size_t b,
 				       struct bucket_mark m)
 {
diff --git a/fs/bcachefs/alloc_background.h b/fs/bcachefs/alloc_background.h
index b66c8cf0341e..8de109674f0f 100644
--- a/fs/bcachefs/alloc_background.h
+++ b/fs/bcachefs/alloc_background.h
@@ -13,6 +13,51 @@ extern const char * const bch2_allocator_states[];
 /* How out of date a pointer gen is allowed to be: */
 #define BUCKET_GC_GEN_MAX	96U
 
+static inline u8 alloc_gc_gen(struct bch_alloc_v4 a)
+{
+	return a.gen - a.oldest_gen;
+}
+
+enum bucket_state {
+	BUCKET_free,
+	BUCKET_need_gc_gens,
+	BUCKET_need_discard,
+	BUCKET_cached,
+	BUCKET_dirty,
+};
+
+extern const char * const bch2_bucket_states[];
+
+static inline enum bucket_state bucket_state(struct bch_alloc_v4 a)
+{
+	if (a.dirty_sectors || a.stripe)
+		return BUCKET_dirty;
+	if (a.cached_sectors)
+		return BUCKET_cached;
+	BUG_ON(a.data_type);
+	if (BCH_ALLOC_V4_NEED_DISCARD(&a))
+		return BUCKET_need_discard;
+	if (alloc_gc_gen(a) >= BUCKET_GC_GEN_MAX)
+		return BUCKET_need_gc_gens;
+	return BUCKET_free;
+}
+
+static inline u64 alloc_lru_idx(struct bch_alloc_v4 a)
+{
+	return bucket_state(a) == BUCKET_cached ? a.io_time[READ] : 0;
+}
+
+static inline u64 alloc_freespace_genbits(struct bch_alloc_v4 a)
+{
+	return ((u64) alloc_gc_gen(a) >> 4) << 56;
+}
+
+static inline struct bpos alloc_freespace_pos(struct bpos pos, struct bch_alloc_v4 a)
+{
+	pos.offset |= alloc_freespace_genbits(a);
+	return pos;
+}
+
 struct bkey_i_alloc_v4 *
 bch2_trans_start_alloc_update(struct btree_trans *, struct btree_iter *, struct bpos);
 
@@ -33,18 +78,21 @@ void bch2_alloc_to_text(struct printbuf *, struct bch_fs *, struct bkey_s_c);
 #define bch2_bkey_ops_alloc (struct bkey_ops) {		\
 	.key_invalid	= bch2_alloc_v1_invalid,	\
 	.val_to_text	= bch2_alloc_to_text,		\
+	.trans_trigger	= bch2_trans_mark_alloc,	\
 	.atomic_trigger	= bch2_mark_alloc,		\
 }
 
 #define bch2_bkey_ops_alloc_v2 (struct bkey_ops) {	\
 	.key_invalid	= bch2_alloc_v2_invalid,	\
 	.val_to_text	= bch2_alloc_to_text,		\
+	.trans_trigger	= bch2_trans_mark_alloc,	\
 	.atomic_trigger	= bch2_mark_alloc,		\
 }
 
 #define bch2_bkey_ops_alloc_v3 (struct bkey_ops) {	\
 	.key_invalid	= bch2_alloc_v3_invalid,	\
 	.val_to_text	= bch2_alloc_to_text,		\
+	.trans_trigger	= bch2_trans_mark_alloc,	\
 	.atomic_trigger	= bch2_mark_alloc,		\
 }
 
@@ -52,6 +100,7 @@ void bch2_alloc_to_text(struct printbuf *, struct bch_fs *, struct bkey_s_c);
 	.key_invalid	= bch2_alloc_v4_invalid,	\
 	.val_to_text	= bch2_alloc_to_text,		\
 	.swab		= bch2_alloc_v4_swab,		\
+	.trans_trigger	= bch2_trans_mark_alloc,	\
 	.atomic_trigger	= bch2_mark_alloc,		\
 }
 
@@ -64,6 +113,10 @@ static inline bool bkey_is_alloc(const struct bkey *k)
 
 int bch2_alloc_read(struct bch_fs *, bool, bool);
 
+int bch2_trans_mark_alloc(struct btree_trans *, struct bkey_s_c,
+			  struct bkey_i *, unsigned);
+int bch2_fs_freespace_init(struct bch_fs *);
+
 static inline void bch2_wake_allocator(struct bch_dev *ca)
 {
 	struct task_struct *p;
diff --git a/fs/bcachefs/alloc_foreground.h b/fs/bcachefs/alloc_foreground.h
index 9b4389b09cbb..efb6d155bd00 100644
--- a/fs/bcachefs/alloc_foreground.h
+++ b/fs/bcachefs/alloc_foreground.h
@@ -117,6 +117,20 @@ static inline bool bch2_bucket_is_open(struct bch_fs *c, unsigned dev, u64 bucke
 	return false;
 }
 
+static inline bool bch2_bucket_is_open_safe(struct bch_fs *c, unsigned dev, u64 bucket)
+{
+	bool ret;
+
+	if (bch2_bucket_is_open(c, dev, bucket))
+		return true;
+
+	spin_lock(&c->freelist_lock);
+	ret = bch2_bucket_is_open(c, dev, bucket);
+	spin_unlock(&c->freelist_lock);
+
+	return ret;
+}
+
 int bch2_bucket_alloc_set(struct bch_fs *, struct open_buckets *,
 		      struct dev_stripe_state *, struct bch_devs_mask *,
 		      unsigned, unsigned *, bool *, enum alloc_reserve,
diff --git a/fs/bcachefs/bcachefs.h b/fs/bcachefs/bcachefs.h
index 7891ad208a33..6c11ebee73a9 100644
--- a/fs/bcachefs/bcachefs.h
+++ b/fs/bcachefs/bcachefs.h
@@ -392,6 +392,8 @@ enum gc_phase {
 	GC_PHASE_BTREE_subvolumes,
 	GC_PHASE_BTREE_snapshots,
 	GC_PHASE_BTREE_lru,
+	GC_PHASE_BTREE_freespace,
+	GC_PHASE_BTREE_need_discard,
 
 	GC_PHASE_PENDING_DELETE,
 };
diff --git a/fs/bcachefs/bcachefs_format.h b/fs/bcachefs/bcachefs_format.h
index a640a45a123a..ee683d08e8ae 100644
--- a/fs/bcachefs/bcachefs_format.h
+++ b/fs/bcachefs/bcachefs_format.h
@@ -947,7 +947,6 @@ enum {
 #define x(name, _bits) BCH_ALLOC_FIELD_V1_##name,
 	BCH_ALLOC_FIELDS_V1()
 #undef x
-	BCH_ALLOC_FIELD_NR
 };
 
 /* Quotas: */
@@ -1146,6 +1145,8 @@ LE64_BITMASK(BCH_MEMBER_DISCARD,	struct bch_member, flags[0], 14, 15)
 LE64_BITMASK(BCH_MEMBER_DATA_ALLOWED,	struct bch_member, flags[0], 15, 20)
 LE64_BITMASK(BCH_MEMBER_GROUP,		struct bch_member, flags[0], 20, 28)
 LE64_BITMASK(BCH_MEMBER_DURABILITY,	struct bch_member, flags[0], 28, 30)
+LE64_BITMASK(BCH_MEMBER_FREESPACE_INITIALIZED,
+					struct bch_member, flags[0], 30, 31)
 
 #if 0
 LE64_BITMASK(BCH_MEMBER_NR_READ_ERRORS,	struct bch_member, flags[1], 0,  20);
@@ -1361,7 +1362,9 @@ struct bch_sb_field_journal_seq_blacklist {
 	x(snapshot_2,			15)		\
 	x(reflink_p_fix,		16)		\
 	x(subvol_dirent,		17)		\
-	x(inode_v2,			18)
+	x(inode_v2,			18)		\
+	x(freespace,			19)		\
+	x(alloc_v4,			20)
 
 enum bcachefs_metadata_version {
 	bcachefs_metadata_version_min = 9,
@@ -1889,7 +1892,9 @@ LE32_BITMASK(JSET_NO_FLUSH,	struct jset, flags, 5, 6);
 	x(reflink,	7)			\
 	x(subvolumes,	8)			\
 	x(snapshots,	9)			\
-	x(lru,		10)
+	x(lru,		10)			\
+	x(freespace,	11)			\
+	x(need_discard,	12)
 
 enum btree_id {
 #define x(kwd, val) BTREE_ID_##kwd = val,
diff --git a/fs/bcachefs/bkey_methods.c b/fs/bcachefs/bkey_methods.c
index 62774e4f6dbb..9a1819147749 100644
--- a/fs/bcachefs/bkey_methods.c
+++ b/fs/bcachefs/bkey_methods.c
@@ -170,6 +170,12 @@ static unsigned bch2_key_types_allowed[] = {
 	[BKEY_TYPE_lru] =
 		(1U << KEY_TYPE_deleted)|
 		(1U << KEY_TYPE_lru),
+	[BKEY_TYPE_freespace] =
+		(1U << KEY_TYPE_deleted)|
+		(1U << KEY_TYPE_set),
+	[BKEY_TYPE_need_discard] =
+		(1U << KEY_TYPE_deleted)|
+		(1U << KEY_TYPE_set),
 	[BKEY_TYPE_btree] =
 		(1U << KEY_TYPE_deleted)|
 		(1U << KEY_TYPE_btree_ptr)|
diff --git a/fs/bcachefs/btree_io.c b/fs/bcachefs/btree_io.c
index b6f0f6dec8e8..b1099958ed5e 100644
--- a/fs/bcachefs/btree_io.c
+++ b/fs/bcachefs/btree_io.c
@@ -925,7 +925,7 @@ int bch2_btree_node_read_done(struct bch_fs *c, struct bch_dev *ca,
 					"error decrypting btree node: %i", ret))
 				goto fsck_err;
 
-			btree_err_on(btree_node_is_extents(b) &&
+			btree_err_on(btree_node_type_is_extents(btree_node_type(b)) &&
 				     !BTREE_NODE_NEW_EXTENT_OVERWRITE(b->data),
 				     BTREE_ERR_FATAL, c, NULL, b, NULL,
 				     "btree node does not have NEW_EXTENT_OVERWRITE set");
diff --git a/fs/bcachefs/btree_types.h b/fs/bcachefs/btree_types.h
index d5be6004071a..38c9148f608d 100644
--- a/fs/bcachefs/btree_types.h
+++ b/fs/bcachefs/btree_types.h
@@ -595,24 +595,9 @@ static inline enum btree_node_type btree_node_type(struct btree *b)
 	return __btree_node_type(b->c.level, b->c.btree_id);
 }
 
-static inline bool btree_node_type_is_extents(enum btree_node_type type)
-{
-	switch (type) {
-	case BKEY_TYPE_extents:
-	case BKEY_TYPE_reflink:
-		return true;
-	default:
-		return false;
-	}
-}
-
-static inline bool btree_node_is_extents(struct btree *b)
-{
-	return btree_node_type_is_extents(btree_node_type(b));
-}
-
 #define BTREE_NODE_TYPE_HAS_TRANS_TRIGGERS		\
 	((1U << BKEY_TYPE_extents)|			\
+	 (1U << BKEY_TYPE_alloc)|			\
 	 (1U << BKEY_TYPE_inodes)|			\
 	 (1U << BKEY_TYPE_stripes)|			\
 	 (1U << BKEY_TYPE_reflink)|			\
@@ -628,6 +613,16 @@ static inline bool btree_node_is_extents(struct btree *b)
 	(BTREE_NODE_TYPE_HAS_TRANS_TRIGGERS|		\
 	 BTREE_NODE_TYPE_HAS_MEM_TRIGGERS)
 
+#define BTREE_ID_IS_EXTENTS				\
+	((1U << BTREE_ID_extents)|			\
+	 (1U << BTREE_ID_reflink)|			\
+	 (1U << BTREE_ID_freespace))
+
+static inline bool btree_node_type_is_extents(enum btree_node_type type)
+{
+	return (1U << type) & BTREE_ID_IS_EXTENTS;
+}
+
 #define BTREE_ID_HAS_SNAPSHOTS				\
 	((1U << BTREE_ID_extents)|			\
 	 (1U << BTREE_ID_inodes)|			\
diff --git a/fs/bcachefs/buckets.c b/fs/bcachefs/buckets.c
index b4252c2f028a..5e247235ab69 100644
--- a/fs/bcachefs/buckets.c
+++ b/fs/bcachefs/buckets.c
@@ -560,6 +560,11 @@ int bch2_mark_alloc(struct btree_trans *trans,
 		}
 	}
 
+	if (bucket_state(new_a) == BUCKET_need_gc_gens) {
+		atomic_inc(&c->kick_gc);
+		wake_up_process(c->gc_thread);
+	}
+
 	percpu_down_read(&c->mark_lock);
 	if (!gc && new_a.gen != old_a.gen)
 		*bucket_gen(ca, new.k->p.offset) = new_a.gen;
diff --git a/fs/bcachefs/buckets.h b/fs/bcachefs/buckets.h
index 4937d7939c2b..757919d5e20f 100644
--- a/fs/bcachefs/buckets.h
+++ b/fs/bcachefs/buckets.h
@@ -81,16 +81,6 @@ static inline u8 *bucket_gen(struct bch_dev *ca, size_t b)
 	return gens->b + b;
 }
 
-/*
- * bucket_gc_gen() returns the difference between the bucket's current gen and
- * the oldest gen of any pointer into that bucket in the btree.
- */
-
-static inline u8 bucket_gc_gen(struct bucket *g)
-{
-	return g->mark.gen - g->oldest_gen;
-}
-
 static inline size_t PTR_BUCKET_NR(const struct bch_dev *ca,
 				   const struct bch_extent_ptr *ptr)
 {
diff --git a/fs/bcachefs/extent_update.c b/fs/bcachefs/extent_update.c
index 58b2c96f450c..2fd5d9672a44 100644
--- a/fs/bcachefs/extent_update.c
+++ b/fs/bcachefs/extent_update.c
@@ -15,17 +15,26 @@ static unsigned bch2_bkey_nr_alloc_ptrs(struct bkey_s_c k)
 {
 	struct bkey_ptrs_c ptrs = bch2_bkey_ptrs_c(k);
 	const union bch_extent_entry *entry;
-	unsigned ret = 0;
+	unsigned ret = 0, lru = 0;
 
 	bkey_extent_entry_for_each(ptrs, entry) {
 		switch (__extent_entry_type(entry)) {
 		case BCH_EXTENT_ENTRY_ptr:
+			/* Might also be updating LRU btree */
+			if (entry->ptr.cached)
+				lru++;
+
+			fallthrough;
 		case BCH_EXTENT_ENTRY_stripe_ptr:
 			ret++;
 		}
 	}
 
-	return ret;
+	/*
+	 * Updating keys in the alloc btree may also update keys in the
+	 * freespace or discard btrees:
+	 */
+	return lru + ret * 2;
 }
 
 static int count_iters_for_insert(struct btree_trans *trans,
diff --git a/fs/bcachefs/recovery.c b/fs/bcachefs/recovery.c
index 93882e6a2ae4..690a36ea1383 100644
--- a/fs/bcachefs/recovery.c
+++ b/fs/bcachefs/recovery.c
@@ -1028,8 +1028,8 @@ int bch2_fs_recovery(struct bch_fs *c)
 			bch_info(c, "filesystem version is prior to subvol_dirent - upgrading");
 			c->opts.version_upgrade = true;
 			c->opts.fsck		= true;
-		} else if (c->sb.version < bcachefs_metadata_version_inode_v2) {
-			bch_info(c, "filesystem version is prior to inode_v2 - upgrading");
+		} else if (c->sb.version < bcachefs_metadata_version_alloc_v4) {
+			bch_info(c, "filesystem version is prior to alloc_v4 - upgrading");
 			c->opts.version_upgrade = true;
 		}
 	}
@@ -1197,6 +1197,11 @@ use_clean:
 	if (c->opts.verbose || !c->sb.clean)
 		bch_info(c, "journal replay done");
 
+	err = "error initializing freespace";
+	ret = bch2_fs_freespace_init(c);
+	if (ret)
+		goto err;
+
 	if (c->sb.version < bcachefs_metadata_version_snapshot_2) {
 		bch2_fs_lazy_rw(c);
 
@@ -1380,6 +1385,11 @@ int bch2_fs_initialize(struct bch_fs *c)
 		ca->new_fs_bucket_idx = 0;
 	}
 
+	err = "error initializing freespace";
+	ret = bch2_fs_freespace_init(c);
+	if (ret)
+		goto err;
+
 	err = "error creating root snapshot node";
 	ret = bch2_fs_initialize_subvolumes(c);
 	if (ret)
diff --git a/fs/bcachefs/super-io.c b/fs/bcachefs/super-io.c
index bc845c42768e..c7962266f495 100644
--- a/fs/bcachefs/super-io.c
+++ b/fs/bcachefs/super-io.c
@@ -1083,6 +1083,11 @@ static void bch2_sb_members_to_text(struct printbuf *out, struct bch_sb *sb,
 		pr_buf(out, "%llu", BCH_MEMBER_DISCARD(m));
 		pr_newline(out);
 
+		pr_buf(out, "Freespace initialized:");
+		pr_tab(out);
+		pr_buf(out, "%llu", BCH_MEMBER_FREESPACE_INITIALIZED(m));
+		pr_newline(out);
+
 		pr_indent_pop(out, 2);
 	}
 }
diff --git a/fs/bcachefs/super-io.h b/fs/bcachefs/super-io.h
index bed61a01e4be..ab0ad3248e8f 100644
--- a/fs/bcachefs/super-io.h
+++ b/fs/bcachefs/super-io.h
@@ -103,6 +103,7 @@ static inline struct bch_member_cpu bch2_mi_to_cpu(struct bch_member *mi)
 		.durability	= BCH_MEMBER_DURABILITY(mi)
 			? BCH_MEMBER_DURABILITY(mi) - 1
 			: 1,
+		.freespace_initialized = BCH_MEMBER_FREESPACE_INITIALIZED(mi),
 		.valid		= bch2_member_exists(mi),
 	};
 }
diff --git a/fs/bcachefs/super.c b/fs/bcachefs/super.c
index 208482db3683..c6585034f4d4 100644
--- a/fs/bcachefs/super.c
+++ b/fs/bcachefs/super.c
@@ -1471,30 +1471,20 @@ int bch2_dev_set_state(struct bch_fs *c, struct bch_dev *ca,
 
 static int bch2_dev_remove_alloc(struct bch_fs *c, struct bch_dev *ca)
 {
-	struct btree_trans trans;
-	size_t i;
+	struct bpos start	= POS(ca->dev_idx, 0);
+	struct bpos end		= POS(ca->dev_idx, U64_MAX);
 	int ret;
 
-	bch2_trans_init(&trans, c, 0, 0);
-
-	for (i = 0; i < ca->mi.nbuckets; i++) {
-		ret = lockrestart_do(&trans,
-			bch2_btree_key_cache_flush(&trans,
-				BTREE_ID_alloc, POS(ca->dev_idx, i)));
-		if (ret)
-			break;
-	}
-	bch2_trans_exit(&trans);
-
-	if (ret) {
+	ret =   bch2_btree_delete_range(c, BTREE_ID_alloc, start, end,
+					BTREE_TRIGGER_NORUN, NULL) ?:
+		bch2_btree_delete_range(c, BTREE_ID_freespace, start, end,
+					BTREE_TRIGGER_NORUN, NULL) ?:
+		bch2_btree_delete_range(c, BTREE_ID_need_discard, start, end,
+					BTREE_TRIGGER_NORUN, NULL);
+	if (ret)
 		bch_err(c, "error %i removing dev alloc info", ret);
-		return ret;
-	}
 
-	return bch2_btree_delete_range(c, BTREE_ID_alloc,
-				       POS(ca->dev_idx, 0),
-				       POS(ca->dev_idx + 1, 0),
-				       0, NULL);
+	return ret;
 }
 
 int bch2_dev_remove(struct bch_fs *c, struct bch_dev *ca, int flags)
@@ -1712,6 +1702,12 @@ have_slot:
 		goto err_late;
 	}
 
+	ret = bch2_fs_freespace_init(c);
+	if (ret) {
+		bch_err(c, "device add error: error initializing free space: %i", ret);
+		goto err_late;
+	}
+
 	ca->new_fs_bucket_idx = 0;
 
 	if (ca->mi.state == BCH_MEMBER_STATE_rw) {
diff --git a/fs/bcachefs/super_types.h b/fs/bcachefs/super_types.h
index 1c0241304f32..08faeedba326 100644
--- a/fs/bcachefs/super_types.h
+++ b/fs/bcachefs/super_types.h
@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@ struct bch_member_cpu {
 	u8			discard;
 	u8			data_allowed;
 	u8			durability;
+	u8			freespace_initialized;
 	u8			valid;
 };