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authorSergey Senozhatsky <sergey.senozhatsky@gmail.com>2014-04-08 02:38:14 +0400
committerLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>2014-04-08 03:36:01 +0400
commitbeca3ec71fe5490ee9237dc42400f50402baf83e (patch)
treecac925d78139fe53a14d9c66939d07c472ca726b /Documentation/blockdev
parent9cc97529a180b369fcb7e5265771b6ba7e01f05b (diff)
downloadlinux-beca3ec71fe5490ee9237dc42400f50402baf83e.tar.xz
zram: add multi stream functionality
Existing zram (zcomp) implementation has only one compression stream (buffer and algorithm private part), so in order to prevent data corruption only one write (compress operation) can use this compression stream, forcing all concurrent write operations to wait for stream lock to be released. This patch changes zcomp to keep a compression streams list of user-defined size (via sysfs device attr). Each write operation still exclusively holds compression stream, the difference is that we can have N write operations (depending on size of streams list) executing in parallel. See TEST section later in commit message for performance data. Introduce struct zcomp_strm_multi and a set of functions to manage zcomp_strm stream access. zcomp_strm_multi has a list of idle zcomp_strm structs, spinlock to protect idle list and wait queue, making it possible to perform parallel compressions. The following set of functions added: - zcomp_strm_multi_find()/zcomp_strm_multi_release() find and release a compression stream, implement required locking - zcomp_strm_multi_create()/zcomp_strm_multi_destroy() create and destroy zcomp_strm_multi zcomp ->strm_find() and ->strm_release() callbacks are set during initialisation to zcomp_strm_multi_find()/zcomp_strm_multi_release() correspondingly. Each time zcomp issues a zcomp_strm_multi_find() call, the following set of operations performed: - spin lock strm_lock - if idle list is not empty, remove zcomp_strm from idle list, spin unlock and return zcomp stream pointer to caller - if idle list is empty, current adds itself to wait queue. it will be awaken by zcomp_strm_multi_release() caller. zcomp_strm_multi_release(): - spin lock strm_lock - add zcomp stream to idle list - spin unlock, wake up sleeper Minchan Kim reported that spinlock-based locking scheme has demonstrated a severe perfomance regression for single compression stream case, comparing to mutex-based (see https://lkml.org/lkml/2014/2/18/16) base spinlock mutex ==Initial write ==Initial write ==Initial write records: 5 records: 5 records: 5 avg: 1642424.35 avg: 699610.40 avg: 1655583.71 std: 39890.95(2.43%) std: 232014.19(33.16%) std: 52293.96 max: 1690170.94 max: 1163473.45 max: 1697164.75 min: 1568669.52 min: 573429.88 min: 1553410.23 ==Rewrite ==Rewrite ==Rewrite records: 5 records: 5 records: 5 avg: 1611775.39 avg: 501406.64 avg: 1684419.11 std: 17144.58(1.06%) std: 15354.41(3.06%) std: 18367.42 max: 1641800.95 max: 531356.78 max: 1706445.84 min: 1593515.27 min: 488817.78 min: 1655335.73 When only one compression stream available, mutex with spin on owner tends to perform much better than frequent wait_event()/wake_up(). This is why single stream implemented as a special case with mutex locking. Introduce and document zram device attribute max_comp_streams. This attr shows and stores current zcomp's max number of zcomp streams (max_strm). Extend zcomp's zcomp_create() with `max_strm' parameter. `max_strm' limits the number of zcomp_strm structs in compression backend's idle list (max_comp_streams). max_comp_streams used during initialisation as follows: -- passing to zcomp_create() max_strm equals to 1 will initialise zcomp using single compression stream zcomp_strm_single (mutex-based locking). -- passing to zcomp_create() max_strm greater than 1 will initialise zcomp using multi compression stream zcomp_strm_multi (spinlock-based locking). default max_comp_streams value is 1, meaning that zram with single stream will be initialised. Later patch will introduce configuration knob to change max_comp_streams on already initialised and used zcomp. TEST iozone -t 3 -R -r 16K -s 60M -I +Z test base 1 strm (mutex) 3 strm (spinlock) ----------------------------------------------------------------------- Initial write 589286.78 583518.39 718011.05 Rewrite 604837.97 596776.38 1515125.72 Random write 584120.11 595714.58 1388850.25 Pwrite 535731.17 541117.38 739295.27 Fwrite 1418083.88 1478612.72 1484927.06 Usage example: set max_comp_streams to 4 echo 4 > /sys/block/zram0/max_comp_streams show current max_comp_streams (default value is 1). cat /sys/block/zram0/max_comp_streams Signed-off-by: Sergey Senozhatsky <sergey.senozhatsky@gmail.com> Acked-by: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org> Cc: Jerome Marchand <jmarchan@redhat.com> Cc: Nitin Gupta <ngupta@vflare.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Diffstat (limited to 'Documentation/blockdev')
-rw-r--r--Documentation/blockdev/zram.txt31
1 files changed, 26 insertions, 5 deletions
diff --git a/Documentation/blockdev/zram.txt b/Documentation/blockdev/zram.txt
index b31ac5e5d4b9..aadfe60391b7 100644
--- a/Documentation/blockdev/zram.txt
+++ b/Documentation/blockdev/zram.txt
@@ -21,7 +21,28 @@ Following shows a typical sequence of steps for using zram.
This creates 4 devices: /dev/zram{0,1,2,3}
(num_devices parameter is optional. Default: 1)
-2) Set Disksize
+2) Set max number of compression streams
+ Compression backend may use up to max_comp_streams compression streams,
+ thus allowing up to max_comp_streams concurrent compression operations.
+ By default, compression backend uses single compression stream.
+
+ Examples:
+ #show max compression streams number
+ cat /sys/block/zram0/max_comp_streams
+
+ #set max compression streams number to 3
+ echo 3 > /sys/block/zram0/max_comp_streams
+
+Note:
+In order to enable compression backend's multi stream support max_comp_streams
+must be initially set to desired concurrency level before ZRAM device
+initialisation. Once the device initialised as a single stream compression
+backend (max_comp_streams equals to 0) changing the value of max_comp_streams
+will not take any effect, because single stream compression backend implemented
+as a special case and does not support dynamic max_comp_streams. Only multi
+stream backend supports dynamic max_comp_streams adjustment.
+
+3) Set Disksize
Set disk size by writing the value to sysfs node 'disksize'.
The value can be either in bytes or you can use mem suffixes.
Examples:
@@ -38,14 +59,14 @@ There is little point creating a zram of greater than twice the size of memory
since we expect a 2:1 compression ratio. Note that zram uses about 0.1% of the
size of the disk when not in use so a huge zram is wasteful.
-3) Activate:
+4) Activate:
mkswap /dev/zram0
swapon /dev/zram0
mkfs.ext4 /dev/zram1
mount /dev/zram1 /tmp
-4) Stats:
+5) Stats:
Per-device statistics are exported as various nodes under
/sys/block/zram<id>/
disksize
@@ -60,11 +81,11 @@ size of the disk when not in use so a huge zram is wasteful.
compr_data_size
mem_used_total
-5) Deactivate:
+6) Deactivate:
swapoff /dev/zram0
umount /dev/zram1
-6) Reset:
+7) Reset:
Write any positive value to 'reset' sysfs node
echo 1 > /sys/block/zram0/reset
echo 1 > /sys/block/zram1/reset