printk: Add non-BKL (nbcon) console basic infrastructure

The current console/printk subsystem is protected by a Big Kernel Lock,
(aka console_lock) which has ill defined semantics and is more or less
stateless. This puts severe limitations on the console subsystem and
makes forced takeover and output in emergency and panic situations a
fragile endeavour that is based on try and pray.

The goal of non-BKL (nbcon) consoles is to break out of the console lock
jail and to provide a new infrastructure that avoids the pitfalls and
also allows console drivers to be gradually converted over.

The proposed infrastructure aims for the following properties:

  - Per console locking instead of global locking
  - Per console state that allows to make informed decisions
  - Stateful handover and takeover

As a first step, state is added to struct console. The per console state
is an atomic_t using a 32bit bit field.

Reserve state bits, which will be populated later in the series. Wire
it up into the console register/unregister functionality.

It was decided to use a bitfield because using a plain u32 with
mask/shift operations resulted in uncomprehensible code.

Co-developed-by: John Ogness <john.ogness@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: John Ogness <john.ogness@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner (Intel) <tglx@linutronix.de>
Reviewed-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230916192007.608398-2-john.ogness@linutronix.de

1 files changed, 31 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/include/linux/console.h b/include/linux/console.h
index 7de11c763eb3..a2d37a7a98a8 100644
--- a/include/linux/console.h
+++ b/include/linux/console.h
@@ -156,6 +156,8 @@ static inline int con_debug_leave(void)
  *			/dev/kmesg which requires a larger output buffer.
  * @CON_SUSPENDED:	Indicates if a console is suspended. If true, the
  *			printing callbacks must not be called.
+ * @CON_NBCON:		Console can operate outside of the legacy style console_lock
+ *			constraints.
  */
 enum cons_flags {
 	CON_PRINTBUFFER		= BIT(0),
@@ -166,9 +168,33 @@ enum cons_flags {
 	CON_BRL			= BIT(5),
 	CON_EXTENDED		= BIT(6),
 	CON_SUSPENDED		= BIT(7),
+	CON_NBCON		= BIT(8),
 };
 
 /**
+ * struct nbcon_state - console state for nbcon consoles
+ * @atom:	Compound of the state fields for atomic operations
+ *
+ * To be used for reading and preparing of the value stored in the nbcon
+ * state variable @console::nbcon_state.
+ */
+struct nbcon_state {
+	union {
+		unsigned int	atom;
+		struct {
+		};
+	};
+};
+
+/*
+ * The nbcon_state struct is used to easily create and interpret values that
+ * are stored in the @console::nbcon_state variable. Ensure this struct stays
+ * within the size boundaries of the atomic variable's underlying type in
+ * order to avoid any accidental truncation.
+ */
+static_assert(sizeof(struct nbcon_state) <= sizeof(int));
+
+/**
  * struct console - The console descriptor structure
  * @name:		The name of the console driver
  * @write:		Write callback to output messages (Optional)
@@ -187,6 +213,8 @@ enum cons_flags {
  * @dropped:		Number of unreported dropped ringbuffer records
  * @data:		Driver private data
  * @node:		hlist node for the console list
+ *
+ * @nbcon_state:	State for nbcon consoles
  */
 struct console {
 	char			name[16];
@@ -206,6 +234,9 @@ struct console {
 	unsigned long		dropped;
 	void			*data;
 	struct hlist_node	node;
+
+	/* nbcon console specific members */
+	atomic_t		__private nbcon_state;
 };
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_LOCKDEP