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authorLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>2015-04-13 23:16:36 +0300
committerLinus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>2015-04-13 23:16:36 +0300
commit60f898eeaaa1c5d0162a4240bacf33a6c87ecef6 (patch)
tree23eeac4b1e9a616779d22c104dbc8bd45dfeefd1 /tools
parent977e1ba50893c15121557b39de586901fe3f75cf (diff)
parent3b75232d55680ca166dffa274d0587d5faf0a016 (diff)
downloadlinux-60f898eeaaa1c5d0162a4240bacf33a6c87ecef6.tar.xz
Merge branch 'x86-asm-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip
Pull x86 asm changes from Ingo Molnar: "There were lots of changes in this development cycle: - over 100 separate cleanups, restructuring changes, speedups and fixes in the x86 system call, irq, trap and other entry code, part of a heroic effort to deobfuscate a decade old spaghetti asm code and its C code dependencies (Denys Vlasenko, Andy Lutomirski) - alternatives code fixes and enhancements (Borislav Petkov) - simplifications and cleanups to the compat code (Brian Gerst) - signal handling fixes and new x86 testcases (Andy Lutomirski) - various other fixes and cleanups By their nature many of these changes are risky - we tried to test them well on many different x86 systems (there are no known regressions), and they are split up finely to help bisection - but there's still a fair bit of residual risk left so caveat emptor" * 'x86-asm-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: (148 commits) perf/x86/64: Report regs_user->ax too in get_regs_user() perf/x86/64: Simplify regs_user->abi setting code in get_regs_user() perf/x86/64: Do report user_regs->cx while we are in syscall, in get_regs_user() perf/x86/64: Do not guess user_regs->cs, ss, sp in get_regs_user() x86/asm/entry/32: Tidy up JNZ instructions after TESTs x86/asm/entry/64: Reduce padding in execve stubs x86/asm/entry/64: Remove GET_THREAD_INFO() in ret_from_fork x86/asm/entry/64: Simplify jumps in ret_from_fork x86/asm/entry/64: Remove a redundant jump x86/asm/entry/64: Optimize [v]fork/clone stubs x86/asm/entry: Zero EXTRA_REGS for stub32_execve() too x86/asm/entry/64: Move stub_x32_execvecloser() to stub_execveat() x86/asm/entry/64: Use common code for rt_sigreturn() epilogue x86/asm/entry/64: Add forgotten CFI annotation x86/asm/entry/irq: Simplify interrupt dispatch table (IDT) layout x86/asm/entry/64: Move opportunistic sysret code to syscall code path x86, selftests: Add sigreturn selftest x86/alternatives: Guard NOPs optimization x86/asm/entry: Clear EXTRA_REGS for all executable formats x86/signal: Remove pax argument from restore_sigcontext ...
Diffstat (limited to 'tools')
-rw-r--r--tools/perf/bench/mem-memcpy-x86-64-asm-def.h6
-rw-r--r--tools/perf/bench/mem-memcpy-x86-64-asm.S2
-rw-r--r--tools/perf/bench/mem-memcpy.c128
-rw-r--r--tools/perf/bench/mem-memset-x86-64-asm-def.h6
-rw-r--r--tools/perf/bench/mem-memset-x86-64-asm.S2
-rw-r--r--tools/perf/util/include/asm/alternative-asm.h1
-rw-r--r--tools/testing/selftests/Makefile1
-rw-r--r--tools/testing/selftests/x86/.gitignore2
-rw-r--r--tools/testing/selftests/x86/Makefile48
-rw-r--r--tools/testing/selftests/x86/run_x86_tests.sh11
-rw-r--r--tools/testing/selftests/x86/sigreturn.c684
-rw-r--r--tools/testing/selftests/x86/trivial_32bit_program.c14
12 files changed, 833 insertions, 72 deletions
diff --git a/tools/perf/bench/mem-memcpy-x86-64-asm-def.h b/tools/perf/bench/mem-memcpy-x86-64-asm-def.h
index d66ab799b35f..8c0c1a2770c8 100644
--- a/tools/perf/bench/mem-memcpy-x86-64-asm-def.h
+++ b/tools/perf/bench/mem-memcpy-x86-64-asm-def.h
@@ -1,12 +1,12 @@
-MEMCPY_FN(__memcpy,
+MEMCPY_FN(memcpy_orig,
"x86-64-unrolled",
"unrolled memcpy() in arch/x86/lib/memcpy_64.S")
-MEMCPY_FN(memcpy_c,
+MEMCPY_FN(__memcpy,
"x86-64-movsq",
"movsq-based memcpy() in arch/x86/lib/memcpy_64.S")
-MEMCPY_FN(memcpy_c_e,
+MEMCPY_FN(memcpy_erms,
"x86-64-movsb",
"movsb-based memcpy() in arch/x86/lib/memcpy_64.S")
diff --git a/tools/perf/bench/mem-memcpy-x86-64-asm.S b/tools/perf/bench/mem-memcpy-x86-64-asm.S
index fcd9cf00600a..e4c2c30143b9 100644
--- a/tools/perf/bench/mem-memcpy-x86-64-asm.S
+++ b/tools/perf/bench/mem-memcpy-x86-64-asm.S
@@ -1,8 +1,6 @@
#define memcpy MEMCPY /* don't hide glibc's memcpy() */
#define altinstr_replacement text
#define globl p2align 4; .globl
-#define Lmemcpy_c globl memcpy_c; memcpy_c
-#define Lmemcpy_c_e globl memcpy_c_e; memcpy_c_e
#include "../../../arch/x86/lib/memcpy_64.S"
/*
* We need to provide note.GNU-stack section, saying that we want
diff --git a/tools/perf/bench/mem-memcpy.c b/tools/perf/bench/mem-memcpy.c
index db1d3a29d97f..d3dfb7936dcd 100644
--- a/tools/perf/bench/mem-memcpy.c
+++ b/tools/perf/bench/mem-memcpy.c
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ static const struct option options[] = {
"Specify length of memory to copy. "
"Available units: B, KB, MB, GB and TB (upper and lower)"),
OPT_STRING('r', "routine", &routine, "default",
- "Specify routine to copy"),
+ "Specify routine to copy, \"all\" runs all available routines"),
OPT_INTEGER('i', "iterations", &iterations,
"repeat memcpy() invocation this number of times"),
OPT_BOOLEAN('c', "cycle", &use_cycle,
@@ -135,55 +135,16 @@ struct bench_mem_info {
const char *const *usage;
};
-static int bench_mem_common(int argc, const char **argv,
- const char *prefix __maybe_unused,
- struct bench_mem_info *info)
+static void __bench_mem_routine(struct bench_mem_info *info, int r_idx, size_t len, double totallen)
{
- int i;
- size_t len;
- double totallen;
+ const struct routine *r = &info->routines[r_idx];
double result_bps[2];
u64 result_cycle[2];
- argc = parse_options(argc, argv, options,
- info->usage, 0);
-
- if (no_prefault && only_prefault) {
- fprintf(stderr, "Invalid options: -o and -n are mutually exclusive\n");
- return 1;
- }
-
- if (use_cycle)
- init_cycle();
-
- len = (size_t)perf_atoll((char *)length_str);
- totallen = (double)len * iterations;
-
result_cycle[0] = result_cycle[1] = 0ULL;
result_bps[0] = result_bps[1] = 0.0;
- if ((s64)len <= 0) {
- fprintf(stderr, "Invalid length:%s\n", length_str);
- return 1;
- }
-
- /* same to without specifying either of prefault and no-prefault */
- if (only_prefault && no_prefault)
- only_prefault = no_prefault = false;
-
- for (i = 0; info->routines[i].name; i++) {
- if (!strcmp(info->routines[i].name, routine))
- break;
- }
- if (!info->routines[i].name) {
- printf("Unknown routine:%s\n", routine);
- printf("Available routines...\n");
- for (i = 0; info->routines[i].name; i++) {
- printf("\t%s ... %s\n",
- info->routines[i].name, info->routines[i].desc);
- }
- return 1;
- }
+ printf("Routine %s (%s)\n", r->name, r->desc);
if (bench_format == BENCH_FORMAT_DEFAULT)
printf("# Copying %s Bytes ...\n\n", length_str);
@@ -191,28 +152,17 @@ static int bench_mem_common(int argc, const char **argv,
if (!only_prefault && !no_prefault) {
/* show both of results */
if (use_cycle) {
- result_cycle[0] =
- info->do_cycle(&info->routines[i], len, false);
- result_cycle[1] =
- info->do_cycle(&info->routines[i], len, true);
+ result_cycle[0] = info->do_cycle(r, len, false);
+ result_cycle[1] = info->do_cycle(r, len, true);
} else {
- result_bps[0] =
- info->do_gettimeofday(&info->routines[i],
- len, false);
- result_bps[1] =
- info->do_gettimeofday(&info->routines[i],
- len, true);
+ result_bps[0] = info->do_gettimeofday(r, len, false);
+ result_bps[1] = info->do_gettimeofday(r, len, true);
}
} else {
- if (use_cycle) {
- result_cycle[pf] =
- info->do_cycle(&info->routines[i],
- len, only_prefault);
- } else {
- result_bps[pf] =
- info->do_gettimeofday(&info->routines[i],
- len, only_prefault);
- }
+ if (use_cycle)
+ result_cycle[pf] = info->do_cycle(r, len, only_prefault);
+ else
+ result_bps[pf] = info->do_gettimeofday(r, len, only_prefault);
}
switch (bench_format) {
@@ -265,6 +215,60 @@ static int bench_mem_common(int argc, const char **argv,
die("unknown format: %d\n", bench_format);
break;
}
+}
+
+static int bench_mem_common(int argc, const char **argv,
+ const char *prefix __maybe_unused,
+ struct bench_mem_info *info)
+{
+ int i;
+ size_t len;
+ double totallen;
+
+ argc = parse_options(argc, argv, options,
+ info->usage, 0);
+
+ if (no_prefault && only_prefault) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "Invalid options: -o and -n are mutually exclusive\n");
+ return 1;
+ }
+
+ if (use_cycle)
+ init_cycle();
+
+ len = (size_t)perf_atoll((char *)length_str);
+ totallen = (double)len * iterations;
+
+ if ((s64)len <= 0) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "Invalid length:%s\n", length_str);
+ return 1;
+ }
+
+ /* same to without specifying either of prefault and no-prefault */
+ if (only_prefault && no_prefault)
+ only_prefault = no_prefault = false;
+
+ if (!strncmp(routine, "all", 3)) {
+ for (i = 0; info->routines[i].name; i++)
+ __bench_mem_routine(info, i, len, totallen);
+ return 0;
+ }
+
+ for (i = 0; info->routines[i].name; i++) {
+ if (!strcmp(info->routines[i].name, routine))
+ break;
+ }
+ if (!info->routines[i].name) {
+ printf("Unknown routine:%s\n", routine);
+ printf("Available routines...\n");
+ for (i = 0; info->routines[i].name; i++) {
+ printf("\t%s ... %s\n",
+ info->routines[i].name, info->routines[i].desc);
+ }
+ return 1;
+ }
+
+ __bench_mem_routine(info, i, len, totallen);
return 0;
}
diff --git a/tools/perf/bench/mem-memset-x86-64-asm-def.h b/tools/perf/bench/mem-memset-x86-64-asm-def.h
index a71dff97c1f5..f02d028771d9 100644
--- a/tools/perf/bench/mem-memset-x86-64-asm-def.h
+++ b/tools/perf/bench/mem-memset-x86-64-asm-def.h
@@ -1,12 +1,12 @@
-MEMSET_FN(__memset,
+MEMSET_FN(memset_orig,
"x86-64-unrolled",
"unrolled memset() in arch/x86/lib/memset_64.S")
-MEMSET_FN(memset_c,
+MEMSET_FN(__memset,
"x86-64-stosq",
"movsq-based memset() in arch/x86/lib/memset_64.S")
-MEMSET_FN(memset_c_e,
+MEMSET_FN(memset_erms,
"x86-64-stosb",
"movsb-based memset() in arch/x86/lib/memset_64.S")
diff --git a/tools/perf/bench/mem-memset-x86-64-asm.S b/tools/perf/bench/mem-memset-x86-64-asm.S
index 9e5af89ed13a..de278784c866 100644
--- a/tools/perf/bench/mem-memset-x86-64-asm.S
+++ b/tools/perf/bench/mem-memset-x86-64-asm.S
@@ -1,8 +1,6 @@
#define memset MEMSET /* don't hide glibc's memset() */
#define altinstr_replacement text
#define globl p2align 4; .globl
-#define Lmemset_c globl memset_c; memset_c
-#define Lmemset_c_e globl memset_c_e; memset_c_e
#include "../../../arch/x86/lib/memset_64.S"
/*
diff --git a/tools/perf/util/include/asm/alternative-asm.h b/tools/perf/util/include/asm/alternative-asm.h
index 6789d788d494..3a3a0f16456a 100644
--- a/tools/perf/util/include/asm/alternative-asm.h
+++ b/tools/perf/util/include/asm/alternative-asm.h
@@ -4,5 +4,6 @@
/* Just disable it so we can build arch/x86/lib/memcpy_64.S for perf bench: */
#define altinstruction_entry #
+#define ALTERNATIVE_2 #
#endif
diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/Makefile b/tools/testing/selftests/Makefile
index d643d5242537..95abddcd7839 100644
--- a/tools/testing/selftests/Makefile
+++ b/tools/testing/selftests/Makefile
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ TARGETS += sysctl
TARGETS += timers
TARGETS += user
TARGETS += vm
+TARGETS += x86
#Please keep the TARGETS list alphabetically sorted
TARGETS_HOTPLUG = cpu-hotplug
diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/x86/.gitignore b/tools/testing/selftests/x86/.gitignore
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..15034fef9698
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tools/testing/selftests/x86/.gitignore
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+*_32
+*_64
diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/x86/Makefile b/tools/testing/selftests/x86/Makefile
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..f0a7918178dd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tools/testing/selftests/x86/Makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+.PHONY: all all_32 all_64 check_build32 clean run_tests
+
+TARGETS_C_BOTHBITS := sigreturn
+
+BINARIES_32 := $(TARGETS_C_BOTHBITS:%=%_32)
+BINARIES_64 := $(TARGETS_C_BOTHBITS:%=%_64)
+
+CFLAGS := -O2 -g -std=gnu99 -pthread -Wall
+
+UNAME_P := $(shell uname -p)
+
+# Always build 32-bit tests
+all: all_32
+
+# If we're on a 64-bit host, build 64-bit tests as well
+ifeq ($(shell uname -p),x86_64)
+all: all_64
+endif
+
+all_32: check_build32 $(BINARIES_32)
+
+all_64: $(BINARIES_64)
+
+clean:
+ $(RM) $(BINARIES_32) $(BINARIES_64)
+
+run_tests:
+ ./run_x86_tests.sh
+
+$(TARGETS_C_BOTHBITS:%=%_32): %_32: %.c
+ $(CC) -m32 -o $@ $(CFLAGS) $(EXTRA_CFLAGS) $^ -lrt -ldl
+
+$(TARGETS_C_BOTHBITS:%=%_64): %_64: %.c
+ $(CC) -m64 -o $@ $(CFLAGS) $(EXTRA_CFLAGS) $^ -lrt -ldl
+
+check_build32:
+ @if ! $(CC) -m32 -o /dev/null trivial_32bit_program.c; then \
+ echo "Warning: you seem to have a broken 32-bit build" 2>&1; \
+ echo "environment. If you are using a Debian-like"; \
+ echo " distribution, try:"; \
+ echo ""; \
+ echo " apt-get install gcc-multilib libc6-i386 libc6-dev-i386"; \
+ echo ""; \
+ echo "If you are using a Fedora-like distribution, try:"; \
+ echo ""; \
+ echo " yum install glibc-devel.*i686"; \
+ exit 1; \
+ fi
diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/x86/run_x86_tests.sh b/tools/testing/selftests/x86/run_x86_tests.sh
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..3d3ec65f3e7c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tools/testing/selftests/x86/run_x86_tests.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+
+# This is deliberately minimal. IMO kselftests should provide a standard
+# script here.
+./sigreturn_32 || exit 1
+
+if [[ "$uname -p" -eq "x86_64" ]]; then
+ ./sigreturn_64 || exit 1
+fi
+
+exit 0
diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/x86/sigreturn.c b/tools/testing/selftests/x86/sigreturn.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..b5aa1bab7416
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tools/testing/selftests/x86/sigreturn.c
@@ -0,0 +1,684 @@
+/*
+ * sigreturn.c - tests for x86 sigreturn(2) and exit-to-userspace
+ * Copyright (c) 2014-2015 Andrew Lutomirski
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ * it under the terms and conditions of the GNU General Public License,
+ * version 2, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope it will be useful, but
+ * WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
+ * General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ * This is a series of tests that exercises the sigreturn(2) syscall and
+ * the IRET / SYSRET paths in the kernel.
+ *
+ * For now, this focuses on the effects of unusual CS and SS values,
+ * and it has a bunch of tests to make sure that ESP/RSP is restored
+ * properly.
+ *
+ * The basic idea behind these tests is to raise(SIGUSR1) to create a
+ * sigcontext frame, plug in the values to be tested, and then return,
+ * which implicitly invokes sigreturn(2) and programs the user context
+ * as desired.
+ *
+ * For tests for which we expect sigreturn and the subsequent return to
+ * user mode to succeed, we return to a short trampoline that generates
+ * SIGTRAP so that the meat of the tests can be ordinary C code in a
+ * SIGTRAP handler.
+ *
+ * The inner workings of each test is documented below.
+ *
+ * Do not run on outdated, unpatched kernels at risk of nasty crashes.
+ */
+
+#define _GNU_SOURCE
+
+#include <sys/time.h>
+#include <time.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <sys/syscall.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <inttypes.h>
+#include <sys/mman.h>
+#include <sys/signal.h>
+#include <sys/ucontext.h>
+#include <asm/ldt.h>
+#include <err.h>
+#include <setjmp.h>
+#include <stddef.h>
+#include <stdbool.h>
+#include <sys/ptrace.h>
+#include <sys/user.h>
+
+/*
+ * In principle, this test can run on Linux emulation layers (e.g.
+ * Illumos "LX branded zones"). Solaris-based kernels reserve LDT
+ * entries 0-5 for their own internal purposes, so start our LDT
+ * allocations above that reservation. (The tests don't pass on LX
+ * branded zones, but at least this lets them run.)
+ */
+#define LDT_OFFSET 6
+
+/* An aligned stack accessible through some of our segments. */
+static unsigned char stack16[65536] __attribute__((aligned(4096)));
+
+/*
+ * An aligned int3 instruction used as a trampoline. Some of the tests
+ * want to fish out their ss values, so this trampoline copies ss to eax
+ * before the int3.
+ */
+asm (".pushsection .text\n\t"
+ ".type int3, @function\n\t"
+ ".align 4096\n\t"
+ "int3:\n\t"
+ "mov %ss,%eax\n\t"
+ "int3\n\t"
+ ".size int3, . - int3\n\t"
+ ".align 4096, 0xcc\n\t"
+ ".popsection");
+extern char int3[4096];
+
+/*
+ * At startup, we prepapre:
+ *
+ * - ldt_nonexistent_sel: An LDT entry that doesn't exist (all-zero
+ * descriptor or out of bounds).
+ * - code16_sel: A 16-bit LDT code segment pointing to int3.
+ * - data16_sel: A 16-bit LDT data segment pointing to stack16.
+ * - npcode32_sel: A 32-bit not-present LDT code segment pointing to int3.
+ * - npdata32_sel: A 32-bit not-present LDT data segment pointing to stack16.
+ * - gdt_data16_idx: A 16-bit GDT data segment pointing to stack16.
+ * - gdt_npdata32_idx: A 32-bit not-present GDT data segment pointing to
+ * stack16.
+ *
+ * For no particularly good reason, xyz_sel is a selector value with the
+ * RPL and LDT bits filled in, whereas xyz_idx is just an index into the
+ * descriptor table. These variables will be zero if their respective
+ * segments could not be allocated.
+ */
+static unsigned short ldt_nonexistent_sel;
+static unsigned short code16_sel, data16_sel, npcode32_sel, npdata32_sel;
+
+static unsigned short gdt_data16_idx, gdt_npdata32_idx;
+
+static unsigned short GDT3(int idx)
+{
+ return (idx << 3) | 3;
+}
+
+static unsigned short LDT3(int idx)
+{
+ return (idx << 3) | 7;
+}
+
+/* Our sigaltstack scratch space. */
+static char altstack_data[SIGSTKSZ];
+
+static void sethandler(int sig, void (*handler)(int, siginfo_t *, void *),
+ int flags)
+{
+ struct sigaction sa;
+ memset(&sa, 0, sizeof(sa));
+ sa.sa_sigaction = handler;
+ sa.sa_flags = SA_SIGINFO | flags;
+ sigemptyset(&sa.sa_mask);
+ if (sigaction(sig, &sa, 0))
+ err(1, "sigaction");
+}
+
+static void clearhandler(int sig)
+{
+ struct sigaction sa;
+ memset(&sa, 0, sizeof(sa));
+ sa.sa_handler = SIG_DFL;
+ sigemptyset(&sa.sa_mask);
+ if (sigaction(sig, &sa, 0))
+ err(1, "sigaction");
+}
+
+static void add_ldt(const struct user_desc *desc, unsigned short *var,
+ const char *name)
+{
+ if (syscall(SYS_modify_ldt, 1, desc, sizeof(*desc)) == 0) {
+ *var = LDT3(desc->entry_number);
+ } else {
+ printf("[NOTE]\tFailed to create %s segment\n", name);
+ *var = 0;
+ }
+}
+
+static void setup_ldt(void)
+{
+ if ((unsigned long)stack16 > (1ULL << 32) - sizeof(stack16))
+ errx(1, "stack16 is too high\n");
+ if ((unsigned long)int3 > (1ULL << 32) - sizeof(int3))
+ errx(1, "int3 is too high\n");
+
+ ldt_nonexistent_sel = LDT3(LDT_OFFSET + 2);
+
+ const struct user_desc code16_desc = {
+ .entry_number = LDT_OFFSET + 0,
+ .base_addr = (unsigned long)int3,
+ .limit = 4095,
+ .seg_32bit = 0,
+ .contents = 2, /* Code, not conforming */
+ .read_exec_only = 0,
+ .limit_in_pages = 0,
+ .seg_not_present = 0,
+ .useable = 0
+ };
+ add_ldt(&code16_desc, &code16_sel, "code16");
+
+ const struct user_desc data16_desc = {
+ .entry_number = LDT_OFFSET + 1,
+ .base_addr = (unsigned long)stack16,
+ .limit = 0xffff,
+ .seg_32bit = 0,
+ .contents = 0, /* Data, grow-up */
+ .read_exec_only = 0,
+ .limit_in_pages = 0,
+ .seg_not_present = 0,
+ .useable = 0
+ };
+ add_ldt(&data16_desc, &data16_sel, "data16");
+
+ const struct user_desc npcode32_desc = {
+ .entry_number = LDT_OFFSET + 3,
+ .base_addr = (unsigned long)int3,
+ .limit = 4095,
+ .seg_32bit = 1,
+ .contents = 2, /* Code, not conforming */
+ .read_exec_only = 0,
+ .limit_in_pages = 0,
+ .seg_not_present = 1,
+ .useable = 0
+ };
+ add_ldt(&npcode32_desc, &npcode32_sel, "npcode32");
+
+ const struct user_desc npdata32_desc = {
+ .entry_number = LDT_OFFSET + 4,
+ .base_addr = (unsigned long)stack16,
+ .limit = 0xffff,
+ .seg_32bit = 1,
+ .contents = 0, /* Data, grow-up */
+ .read_exec_only = 0,
+ .limit_in_pages = 0,
+ .seg_not_present = 1,
+ .useable = 0
+ };
+ add_ldt(&npdata32_desc, &npdata32_sel, "npdata32");
+
+ struct user_desc gdt_data16_desc = {
+ .entry_number = -1,
+ .base_addr = (unsigned long)stack16,
+ .limit = 0xffff,
+ .seg_32bit = 0,
+ .contents = 0, /* Data, grow-up */
+ .read_exec_only = 0,
+ .limit_in_pages = 0,
+ .seg_not_present = 0,
+ .useable = 0
+ };
+
+ if (syscall(SYS_set_thread_area, &gdt_data16_desc) == 0) {
+ /*
+ * This probably indicates vulnerability to CVE-2014-8133.
+ * Merely getting here isn't definitive, though, and we'll
+ * diagnose the problem for real later on.
+ */
+ printf("[WARN]\tset_thread_area allocated data16 at index %d\n",
+ gdt_data16_desc.entry_number);
+ gdt_data16_idx = gdt_data16_desc.entry_number;
+ } else {
+ printf("[OK]\tset_thread_area refused 16-bit data\n");
+ }
+
+ struct user_desc gdt_npdata32_desc = {
+ .entry_number = -1,
+ .base_addr = (unsigned long)stack16,
+ .limit = 0xffff,
+ .seg_32bit = 1,
+ .contents = 0, /* Data, grow-up */
+ .read_exec_only = 0,
+ .limit_in_pages = 0,
+ .seg_not_present = 1,
+ .useable = 0
+ };
+
+ if (syscall(SYS_set_thread_area, &gdt_npdata32_desc) == 0) {
+ /*
+ * As a hardening measure, newer kernels don't allow this.
+ */
+ printf("[WARN]\tset_thread_area allocated npdata32 at index %d\n",
+ gdt_npdata32_desc.entry_number);
+ gdt_npdata32_idx = gdt_npdata32_desc.entry_number;
+ } else {
+ printf("[OK]\tset_thread_area refused 16-bit data\n");
+ }
+}
+
+/* State used by our signal handlers. */
+static gregset_t initial_regs, requested_regs, resulting_regs;
+
+/* Instructions for the SIGUSR1 handler. */
+static volatile unsigned short sig_cs, sig_ss;
+static volatile sig_atomic_t sig_trapped, sig_err, sig_trapno;
+
+/* Abstractions for some 32-bit vs 64-bit differences. */
+#ifdef __x86_64__
+# define REG_IP REG_RIP
+# define REG_SP REG_RSP
+# define REG_AX REG_RAX
+
+struct selectors {
+ unsigned short cs, gs, fs, ss;
+};
+
+static unsigned short *ssptr(ucontext_t *ctx)
+{
+ struct selectors *sels = (void *)&ctx->uc_mcontext.gregs[REG_CSGSFS];
+ return &sels->ss;
+}
+
+static unsigned short *csptr(ucontext_t *ctx)
+{
+ struct selectors *sels = (void *)&ctx->uc_mcontext.gregs[REG_CSGSFS];
+ return &sels->cs;
+}
+#else
+# define REG_IP REG_EIP
+# define REG_SP REG_ESP
+# define REG_AX REG_EAX
+
+static greg_t *ssptr(ucontext_t *ctx)
+{
+ return &ctx->uc_mcontext.gregs[REG_SS];
+}
+
+static greg_t *csptr(ucontext_t *ctx)
+{
+ return &ctx->uc_mcontext.gregs[REG_CS];
+}
+#endif
+
+/* Number of errors in the current test case. */
+static volatile sig_atomic_t nerrs;
+
+/*
+ * SIGUSR1 handler. Sets CS and SS as requested and points IP to the
+ * int3 trampoline. Sets SP to a large known value so that we can see
+ * whether the value round-trips back to user mode correctly.
+ */
+static void sigusr1(int sig, siginfo_t *info, void *ctx_void)
+{
+ ucontext_t *ctx = (ucontext_t*)ctx_void;
+
+ memcpy(&initial_regs, &ctx->uc_mcontext.gregs, sizeof(gregset_t));
+
+ *csptr(ctx) = sig_cs;
+ *ssptr(ctx) = sig_ss;
+
+ ctx->uc_mcontext.gregs[REG_IP] =
+ sig_cs == code16_sel ? 0 : (unsigned long)&int3;
+ ctx->uc_mcontext.gregs[REG_SP] = (unsigned long)0x8badf00d5aadc0deULL;
+ ctx->uc_mcontext.gregs[REG_AX] = 0;
+
+ memcpy(&requested_regs, &ctx->uc_mcontext.gregs, sizeof(gregset_t));
+ requested_regs[REG_AX] = *ssptr(ctx); /* The asm code does this. */
+
+ return;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Called after a successful sigreturn. Restores our state so that
+ * the original raise(SIGUSR1) returns.
+ */
+static void sigtrap(int sig, siginfo_t *info, void *ctx_void)
+{
+ ucontext_t *ctx = (ucontext_t*)ctx_void;
+
+ sig_err = ctx->uc_mcontext.gregs[REG_ERR];
+ sig_trapno = ctx->uc_mcontext.gregs[REG_TRAPNO];
+
+ unsigned short ss;
+ asm ("mov %%ss,%0" : "=r" (ss));
+
+ greg_t asm_ss = ctx->uc_mcontext.gregs[REG_AX];
+ if (asm_ss != sig_ss && sig == SIGTRAP) {
+ /* Sanity check failure. */
+ printf("[FAIL]\tSIGTRAP: ss = %hx, frame ss = %hx, ax = %llx\n",
+ ss, *ssptr(ctx), (unsigned long long)asm_ss);
+ nerrs++;
+ }
+
+ memcpy(&resulting_regs, &ctx->uc_mcontext.gregs, sizeof(gregset_t));
+ memcpy(&ctx->uc_mcontext.gregs, &initial_regs, sizeof(gregset_t));
+
+ sig_trapped = sig;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Checks a given selector for its code bitness or returns -1 if it's not
+ * a usable code segment selector.
+ */
+int cs_bitness(unsigned short cs)
+{
+ uint32_t valid = 0, ar;
+ asm ("lar %[cs], %[ar]\n\t"
+ "jnz 1f\n\t"
+ "mov $1, %[valid]\n\t"
+ "1:"
+ : [ar] "=r" (ar), [valid] "+rm" (valid)
+ : [cs] "r" (cs));
+
+ if (!valid)
+ return -1;
+
+ bool db = (ar & (1 << 22));
+ bool l = (ar & (1 << 21));
+
+ if (!(ar & (1<<11)))
+ return -1; /* Not code. */
+
+ if (l && !db)
+ return 64;
+ else if (!l && db)
+ return 32;
+ else if (!l && !db)
+ return 16;
+ else
+ return -1; /* Unknown bitness. */
+}
+
+/* Finds a usable code segment of the requested bitness. */
+int find_cs(int bitness)
+{
+ unsigned short my_cs;
+
+ asm ("mov %%cs,%0" : "=r" (my_cs));
+
+ if (cs_bitness(my_cs) == bitness)
+ return my_cs;
+ if (cs_bitness(my_cs + (2 << 3)) == bitness)
+ return my_cs + (2 << 3);
+ if (my_cs > (2<<3) && cs_bitness(my_cs - (2 << 3)) == bitness)
+ return my_cs - (2 << 3);
+ if (cs_bitness(code16_sel) == bitness)
+ return code16_sel;
+
+ printf("[WARN]\tCould not find %d-bit CS\n", bitness);
+ return -1;
+}
+
+static int test_valid_sigreturn(int cs_bits, bool use_16bit_ss, int force_ss)
+{
+ int cs = find_cs(cs_bits);
+ if (cs == -1) {
+ printf("[SKIP]\tCode segment unavailable for %d-bit CS, %d-bit SS\n",
+ cs_bits, use_16bit_ss ? 16 : 32);
+ return 0;
+ }
+
+ if (force_ss != -1) {
+ sig_ss = force_ss;
+ } else {
+ if (use_16bit_ss) {
+ if (!data16_sel) {
+ printf("[SKIP]\tData segment unavailable for %d-bit CS, 16-bit SS\n",
+ cs_bits);
+ return 0;
+ }
+ sig_ss = data16_sel;
+ } else {
+ asm volatile ("mov %%ss,%0" : "=r" (sig_ss));
+ }
+ }
+
+ sig_cs = cs;
+
+ printf("[RUN]\tValid sigreturn: %d-bit CS (%hx), %d-bit SS (%hx%s)\n",
+ cs_bits, sig_cs, use_16bit_ss ? 16 : 32, sig_ss,
+ (sig_ss & 4) ? "" : ", GDT");
+
+ raise(SIGUSR1);
+
+ nerrs = 0;
+
+ /*
+ * Check that each register had an acceptable value when the
+ * int3 trampoline was invoked.
+ */
+ for (int i = 0; i < NGREG; i++) {
+ greg_t req = requested_regs[i], res = resulting_regs[i];
+ if (i == REG_TRAPNO || i == REG_IP)
+ continue; /* don't care */
+ if (i == REG_SP) {
+ printf("\tSP: %llx -> %llx\n", (unsigned long long)req,
+ (unsigned long long)res);
+
+ /*
+ * In many circumstances, the high 32 bits of rsp
+ * are zeroed. For example, we could be a real
+ * 32-bit program, or we could hit any of a number
+ * of poorly-documented IRET or segmented ESP
+ * oddities. If this happens, it's okay.
+ */
+ if (res == (req & 0xFFFFFFFF))
+ continue; /* OK; not expected to work */
+ }
+
+ bool ignore_reg = false;
+#if __i386__
+ if (i == REG_UESP)
+ ignore_reg = true;
+#else
+ if (i == REG_CSGSFS) {
+ struct selectors *req_sels =
+ (void *)&requested_regs[REG_CSGSFS];
+ struct selectors *res_sels =
+ (void *)&resulting_regs[REG_CSGSFS];
+ if (req_sels->cs != res_sels->cs) {
+ printf("[FAIL]\tCS mismatch: requested 0x%hx; got 0x%hx\n",
+ req_sels->cs, res_sels->cs);
+ nerrs++;
+ }
+
+ if (req_sels->ss != res_sels->ss) {
+ printf("[FAIL]\tSS mismatch: requested 0x%hx; got 0x%hx\n",
+ req_sels->ss, res_sels->ss);
+ nerrs++;
+ }
+
+ continue;
+ }
+#endif
+
+ /* Sanity check on the kernel */
+ if (i == REG_AX && requested_regs[i] != resulting_regs[i]) {
+ printf("[FAIL]\tAX (saved SP) mismatch: requested 0x%llx; got 0x%llx\n",
+ (unsigned long long)requested_regs[i],
+ (unsigned long long)resulting_regs[i]);
+ nerrs++;
+ continue;
+ }
+
+ if (requested_regs[i] != resulting_regs[i] && !ignore_reg) {
+ /*
+ * SP is particularly interesting here. The
+ * usual cause of failures is that we hit the
+ * nasty IRET case of returning to a 16-bit SS,
+ * in which case bits 16:31 of the *kernel*
+ * stack pointer persist in ESP.
+ */
+ printf("[FAIL]\tReg %d mismatch: requested 0x%llx; got 0x%llx\n",
+ i, (unsigned long long)requested_regs[i],
+ (unsigned long long)resulting_regs[i]);
+ nerrs++;
+ }
+ }
+
+ if (nerrs == 0)
+ printf("[OK]\tall registers okay\n");
+
+ return nerrs;
+}
+
+static int test_bad_iret(int cs_bits, unsigned short ss, int force_cs)
+{
+ int cs = force_cs == -1 ? find_cs(cs_bits) : force_cs;
+ if (cs == -1)
+ return 0;
+
+ sig_cs = cs;
+ sig_ss = ss;
+
+ printf("[RUN]\t%d-bit CS (%hx), bogus SS (%hx)\n",
+ cs_bits, sig_cs, sig_ss);
+
+ sig_trapped = 0;
+ raise(SIGUSR1);
+ if (sig_trapped) {
+ char errdesc[32] = "";
+ if (sig_err) {
+ const char *src = (sig_err & 1) ? " EXT" : "";
+ const char *table;
+ if ((sig_err & 0x6) == 0x0)
+ table = "GDT";
+ else if ((sig_err & 0x6) == 0x4)
+ table = "LDT";
+ else if ((sig_err & 0x6) == 0x2)
+ table = "IDT";
+ else
+ table = "???";
+
+ sprintf(errdesc, "%s%s index %d, ",
+ table, src, sig_err >> 3);
+ }
+
+ char trapname[32];
+ if (sig_trapno == 13)
+ strcpy(trapname, "GP");
+ else if (sig_trapno == 11)
+ strcpy(trapname, "NP");
+ else if (sig_trapno == 12)
+ strcpy(trapname, "SS");
+ else if (sig_trapno == 32)
+ strcpy(trapname, "IRET"); /* X86_TRAP_IRET */
+ else
+ sprintf(trapname, "%d", sig_trapno);
+
+ printf("[OK]\tGot #%s(0x%lx) (i.e. %s%s)\n",
+ trapname, (unsigned long)sig_err,
+ errdesc, strsignal(sig_trapped));
+ return 0;
+ } else {
+ printf("[FAIL]\tDid not get SIGSEGV\n");
+ return 1;
+ }
+}
+
+int main()
+{
+ int total_nerrs = 0;
+ unsigned short my_cs, my_ss;
+
+ asm volatile ("mov %%cs,%0" : "=r" (my_cs));
+ asm volatile ("mov %%ss,%0" : "=r" (my_ss));
+ setup_ldt();
+
+ stack_t stack = {
+ .ss_sp = altstack_data,
+ .ss_size = SIGSTKSZ,
+ };
+ if (sigaltstack(&stack, NULL) != 0)
+ err(1, "sigaltstack");
+
+ sethandler(SIGUSR1, sigusr1, 0);
+ sethandler(SIGTRAP, sigtrap, SA_ONSTACK);
+
+ /* Easy cases: return to a 32-bit SS in each possible CS bitness. */
+ total_nerrs += test_valid_sigreturn(64, false, -1);
+ total_nerrs += test_valid_sigreturn(32, false, -1);
+ total_nerrs += test_valid_sigreturn(16, false, -1);
+
+ /*
+ * Test easy espfix cases: return to a 16-bit LDT SS in each possible
+ * CS bitness. NB: with a long mode CS, the SS bitness is irrelevant.
+ *
+ * This catches the original missing-espfix-on-64-bit-kernels issue
+ * as well as CVE-2014-8134.
+ */
+ total_nerrs += test_valid_sigreturn(64, true, -1);
+ total_nerrs += test_valid_sigreturn(32, true, -1);
+ total_nerrs += test_valid_sigreturn(16, true, -1);
+
+ if (gdt_data16_idx) {
+ /*
+ * For performance reasons, Linux skips espfix if SS points
+ * to the GDT. If we were able to allocate a 16-bit SS in
+ * the GDT, see if it leaks parts of the kernel stack pointer.
+ *
+ * This tests for CVE-2014-8133.
+ */
+ total_nerrs += test_valid_sigreturn(64, true,
+ GDT3(gdt_data16_idx));
+ total_nerrs += test_valid_sigreturn(32, true,
+ GDT3(gdt_data16_idx));
+ total_nerrs += test_valid_sigreturn(16, true,
+ GDT3(gdt_data16_idx));
+ }
+
+ /*
+ * We're done testing valid sigreturn cases. Now we test states
+ * for which sigreturn itself will succeed but the subsequent
+ * entry to user mode will fail.
+ *
+ * Depending on the failure mode and the kernel bitness, these
+ * entry failures can generate SIGSEGV, SIGBUS, or SIGILL.
+ */
+ clearhandler(SIGTRAP);
+ sethandler(SIGSEGV, sigtrap, SA_ONSTACK);
+ sethandler(SIGBUS, sigtrap, SA_ONSTACK);
+ sethandler(SIGILL, sigtrap, SA_ONSTACK); /* 32-bit kernels do this */
+
+ /* Easy failures: invalid SS, resulting in #GP(0) */
+ test_bad_iret(64, ldt_nonexistent_sel, -1);
+ test_bad_iret(32, ldt_nonexistent_sel, -1);
+ test_bad_iret(16, ldt_nonexistent_sel, -1);
+
+ /* These fail because SS isn't a data segment, resulting in #GP(SS) */
+ test_bad_iret(64, my_cs, -1);
+ test_bad_iret(32, my_cs, -1);
+ test_bad_iret(16, my_cs, -1);
+
+ /* Try to return to a not-present code segment, triggering #NP(SS). */
+ test_bad_iret(32, my_ss, npcode32_sel);
+
+ /*
+ * Try to return to a not-present but otherwise valid data segment.
+ * This will cause IRET to fail with #SS on the espfix stack. This
+ * exercises CVE-2014-9322.
+ *
+ * Note that, if espfix is enabled, 64-bit Linux will lose track
+ * of the actual cause of failure and report #GP(0) instead.
+ * This would be very difficult for Linux to avoid, because
+ * espfix64 causes IRET failures to be promoted to #DF, so the
+ * original exception frame is never pushed onto the stack.
+ */
+ test_bad_iret(32, npdata32_sel, -1);
+
+ /*
+ * Try to return to a not-present but otherwise valid data
+ * segment without invoking espfix. Newer kernels don't allow
+ * this to happen in the first place. On older kernels, though,
+ * this can trigger CVE-2014-9322.
+ */
+ if (gdt_npdata32_idx)
+ test_bad_iret(32, GDT3(gdt_npdata32_idx), -1);
+
+ return total_nerrs ? 1 : 0;
+}
diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/x86/trivial_32bit_program.c b/tools/testing/selftests/x86/trivial_32bit_program.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..2e231beb0a39
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tools/testing/selftests/x86/trivial_32bit_program.c
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+/*
+ * Trivial program to check that we have a valid 32-bit build environment.
+ * Copyright (c) 2015 Andy Lutomirski
+ * GPL v2
+ */
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+int main()
+{
+ printf("\n");
+
+ return 0;
+}