Age | Commit message (Collapse) | Author | Files | Lines |
|
commit 3e14c6abbfb5c94506edda9d8e2c145d79375798 upstream.
This WARNING proved to be noisy. The function still returns an error
and callers should handle it. That's how most of kernel code works.
Downgrade the WARNING to pr_err() and leave WARNINGs for kernel bugs.
Signed-off-by: Dmitry Vyukov <dvyukov@google.com>
Reported-by: syzbot+209c0f67f99fec8eb14b@syzkaller.appspotmail.com
Reported-by: syzbot+7fb6d9525a4528104e05@syzkaller.appspotmail.com
Reported-by: syzbot+2e63711063e2d8f9ea27@syzkaller.appspotmail.com
Reported-by: syzbot+de73361ee4971b6e6f75@syzkaller.appspotmail.com
Cc: stable <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
|
|
commit e0058f3a874ebb48b25be7ff79bc3b4e59929f90 upstream.
In asn1_ber_decoder(), indefinitely-sized ASN.1 items were being passed
to the action functions before their lengths had been computed, using
the bogus length of 0x80 (ASN1_INDEFINITE_LENGTH). This resulted in
reading data past the end of the input buffer, when given a specially
crafted message.
Fix it by rearranging the code so that the indefinite length is resolved
before the action is called.
This bug was originally found by fuzzing the X.509 parser in userspace
using libFuzzer from the LLVM project.
KASAN report (cleaned up slightly):
BUG: KASAN: slab-out-of-bounds in memcpy ./include/linux/string.h:341 [inline]
BUG: KASAN: slab-out-of-bounds in x509_fabricate_name.constprop.1+0x1a4/0x940 crypto/asymmetric_keys/x509_cert_parser.c:366
Read of size 128 at addr ffff880035dd9eaf by task keyctl/195
CPU: 1 PID: 195 Comm: keyctl Not tainted 4.14.0-09238-g1d3b78bbc6e9 #26
Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS 1.11.0-20171110_100015-anatol 04/01/2014
Call Trace:
__dump_stack lib/dump_stack.c:17 [inline]
dump_stack+0xd1/0x175 lib/dump_stack.c:53
print_address_description+0x78/0x260 mm/kasan/report.c:252
kasan_report_error mm/kasan/report.c:351 [inline]
kasan_report+0x23f/0x350 mm/kasan/report.c:409
memcpy+0x1f/0x50 mm/kasan/kasan.c:302
memcpy ./include/linux/string.h:341 [inline]
x509_fabricate_name.constprop.1+0x1a4/0x940 crypto/asymmetric_keys/x509_cert_parser.c:366
asn1_ber_decoder+0xb4a/0x1fd0 lib/asn1_decoder.c:447
x509_cert_parse+0x1c7/0x620 crypto/asymmetric_keys/x509_cert_parser.c:89
x509_key_preparse+0x61/0x750 crypto/asymmetric_keys/x509_public_key.c:174
asymmetric_key_preparse+0xa4/0x150 crypto/asymmetric_keys/asymmetric_type.c:388
key_create_or_update+0x4d4/0x10a0 security/keys/key.c:850
SYSC_add_key security/keys/keyctl.c:122 [inline]
SyS_add_key+0xe8/0x290 security/keys/keyctl.c:62
entry_SYSCALL_64_fastpath+0x1f/0x96
Allocated by task 195:
__do_kmalloc_node mm/slab.c:3675 [inline]
__kmalloc_node+0x47/0x60 mm/slab.c:3682
kvmalloc ./include/linux/mm.h:540 [inline]
SYSC_add_key security/keys/keyctl.c:104 [inline]
SyS_add_key+0x19e/0x290 security/keys/keyctl.c:62
entry_SYSCALL_64_fastpath+0x1f/0x96
Fixes: 42d5ec27f873 ("X.509: Add an ASN.1 decoder")
Reported-by: Alexander Potapenko <glider@google.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> # v3.7+
Signed-off-by: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@google.com>
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
|
|
[ Upstream commit 8dfd2f22d3bf3ab7714f7495ad5d897b8845e8c1 ]
Callers of sprint_oid() do not check its return value before printing
the result. In the case where the OID is zero-length, -EBADMSG was
being returned without anything being written to the buffer, resulting
in uninitialized stack memory being printed. Fix this by writing
"(bad)" to the buffer in the cases where -EBADMSG is returned.
Fixes: 4f73175d0375 ("X.509: Add utility functions to render OIDs as strings")
Signed-off-by: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@google.com>
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <alexander.levin@microsoft.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
|
|
instead of 0
[ Upstream commit 1f3c790bd5989fcfec9e53ad8fa09f5b740c958f ]
line-range is supposed to treat "1-" as "1-endoffile", so
handle the special case by setting last_lineno to UINT_MAX.
Fixes this error:
dynamic_debug:ddebug_parse_query: last-line:0 < 1st-line:1
dynamic_debug:ddebug_exec_query: query parse failed
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/10a6a101-e2be-209f-1f41-54637824788e@infradead.org
Signed-off-by: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org>
Acked-by: Jason Baron <jbaron@akamai.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <alexander.levin@verizon.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
|
|
[ Upstream commit 36a3d1dd4e16bcd0d2ddfb4a2ec7092f0ae0d931 ]
If the amount of resources allocated to a gen_pool exceeds 2^32 then the
avail atomic overflows and this causes problems when clients try and
borrow resources from the pool. This is only expected to be an issue on
64 bit systems.
Add the <linux/atomic.h> header to pull in atomic_long* operations. So
that 32 bit systems continue to use atomic32_t but 64 bit systems can
use atomic64_t.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1509033843-25667-1-git-send-email-sbates@raithlin.com
Signed-off-by: Stephen Bates <sbates@raithlin.com>
Reviewed-by: Logan Gunthorpe <logang@deltatee.com>
Reviewed-by: Mathieu Desnoyers <mathieu.desnoyers@efficios.com>
Reviewed-by: Daniel Mentz <danielmentz@google.com>
Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <alexander.levin@verizon.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
|
|
commit 81a7be2cd69b412ab6aeacfe5ebf1bb6e5bce955 upstream.
asn1_ber_decoder() was ignoring errors from actions associated with the
opcodes ASN1_OP_END_SEQ_ACT, ASN1_OP_END_SET_ACT,
ASN1_OP_END_SEQ_OF_ACT, and ASN1_OP_END_SET_OF_ACT. In practice, this
meant the pkcs7_note_signed_info() action (since that was the only user
of those opcodes). Fix it by checking for the error, just like the
decoder does for actions associated with the other opcodes.
This bug allowed users to leak slab memory by repeatedly trying to add a
specially crafted "pkcs7_test" key (requires CONFIG_PKCS7_TEST_KEY).
In theory, this bug could also be used to bypass module signature
verification, by providing a PKCS#7 message that is misparsed such that
a signature's ->authattrs do not contain its ->msgdigest. But it
doesn't seem practical in normal cases, due to restrictions on the
format of the ->authattrs.
Fixes: 42d5ec27f873 ("X.509: Add an ASN.1 decoder")
Signed-off-by: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@google.com>
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: James Morris <james.l.morris@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
|
|
commit 1d9ddde12e3c9bab7f3d3484eb9446315e3571ca upstream.
On a non-preemptible kernel, if KEYCTL_DH_COMPUTE is called with the
largest permitted inputs (16384 bits), the kernel spends 10+ seconds
doing modular exponentiation in mpi_powm() without rescheduling. If all
threads do it, it locks up the system. Moreover, it can cause
rcu_sched-stall warnings.
Notwithstanding the insanity of doing this calculation in kernel mode
rather than in userspace, fix it by calling cond_resched() as each bit
from the exponent is processed. It's still noninterruptible, but at
least it's preemptible now.
Do the cond_resched() once per bit rather than once per MPI limb because
each limb might still easily take 100+ milliseconds on slow CPUs.
Signed-off-by: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Herbert Xu <herbert@gondor.apana.org.au>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
|
|
commit 624f5ab8720b3371367327a822c267699c1823b8 upstream.
syzkaller reported a NULL pointer dereference in asn1_ber_decoder(). It
can be reproduced by the following command, assuming
CONFIG_PKCS7_TEST_KEY=y:
keyctl add pkcs7_test desc '' @s
The bug is that if the data buffer is empty, an integer underflow occurs
in the following check:
if (unlikely(dp >= datalen - 1))
goto data_overrun_error;
This results in the NULL data pointer being dereferenced.
Fix it by checking for 'datalen - dp < 2' instead.
Also fix the similar check for 'dp >= datalen - n' later in the same
function. That one possibly could result in a buffer overread.
The NULL pointer dereference was reproducible using the "pkcs7_test" key
type but not the "asymmetric" key type because the "asymmetric" key type
checks for a 0-length payload before calling into the ASN.1 decoder but
the "pkcs7_test" key type does not.
The bug report was:
BUG: unable to handle kernel NULL pointer dereference at (null)
IP: asn1_ber_decoder+0x17f/0xe60 lib/asn1_decoder.c:233
PGD 7b708067 P4D 7b708067 PUD 7b6ee067 PMD 0
Oops: 0000 [#1] SMP
Modules linked in:
CPU: 0 PID: 522 Comm: syz-executor1 Not tainted 4.14.0-rc8 #7
Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS 1.10.3-20171021_125229-anatol 04/01/2014
task: ffff9b6b3798c040 task.stack: ffff9b6b37970000
RIP: 0010:asn1_ber_decoder+0x17f/0xe60 lib/asn1_decoder.c:233
RSP: 0018:ffff9b6b37973c78 EFLAGS: 00010216
RAX: 0000000000000000 RBX: 0000000000000000 RCX: 000000000000021c
RDX: ffffffff814a04ed RSI: ffffb1524066e000 RDI: ffffffff910759e0
RBP: ffff9b6b37973d60 R08: 0000000000000001 R09: ffff9b6b3caa4180
R10: 0000000000000000 R11: 0000000000000000 R12: 0000000000000002
R13: 0000000000000000 R14: 0000000000000000 R15: 0000000000000000
FS: 00007f10ed1f2700(0000) GS:ffff9b6b3ea00000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000
CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033
CR2: 0000000000000000 CR3: 000000007b6f3000 CR4: 00000000000006f0
Call Trace:
pkcs7_parse_message+0xee/0x240 crypto/asymmetric_keys/pkcs7_parser.c:139
verify_pkcs7_signature+0x33/0x180 certs/system_keyring.c:216
pkcs7_preparse+0x41/0x70 crypto/asymmetric_keys/pkcs7_key_type.c:63
key_create_or_update+0x180/0x530 security/keys/key.c:855
SYSC_add_key security/keys/keyctl.c:122 [inline]
SyS_add_key+0xbf/0x250 security/keys/keyctl.c:62
entry_SYSCALL_64_fastpath+0x1f/0xbe
RIP: 0033:0x4585c9
RSP: 002b:00007f10ed1f1bd8 EFLAGS: 00000216 ORIG_RAX: 00000000000000f8
RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 00007f10ed1f2700 RCX: 00000000004585c9
RDX: 0000000020000000 RSI: 0000000020008ffb RDI: 0000000020008000
RBP: 0000000000000000 R08: ffffffffffffffff R09: 0000000000000000
R10: 0000000000000000 R11: 0000000000000216 R12: 00007fff1b2260ae
R13: 00007fff1b2260af R14: 00007f10ed1f2700 R15: 0000000000000000
Code: dd ca ff 48 8b 45 88 48 83 e8 01 4c 39 f0 0f 86 a8 07 00 00 e8 53 dd ca ff 49 8d 46 01 48 89 85 58 ff ff ff 48 8b 85 60 ff ff ff <42> 0f b6 0c 30 89 c8 88 8d 75 ff ff ff 83 e0 1f 89 8d 28 ff ff
RIP: asn1_ber_decoder+0x17f/0xe60 lib/asn1_decoder.c:233 RSP: ffff9b6b37973c78
CR2: 0000000000000000
Fixes: 42d5ec27f873 ("X.509: Add an ASN.1 decoder")
Reported-by: syzbot <syzkaller@googlegroups.com>
Signed-off-by: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@google.com>
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: James Morris <james.l.morris@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
|
|
commit 2eb9eabf1e868fda15808954fb29b0f105ed65f1 upstream.
syzkaller with KASAN reported an out-of-bounds read in
asn1_ber_decoder(). It can be reproduced by the following command,
assuming CONFIG_X509_CERTIFICATE_PARSER=y and CONFIG_KASAN=y:
keyctl add asymmetric desc $'\x30\x30' @s
The bug is that the length of an ASN.1 data value isn't validated in the
case where it is encoded using the short form, causing the decoder to
read past the end of the input buffer. Fix it by validating the length.
The bug report was:
BUG: KASAN: slab-out-of-bounds in asn1_ber_decoder+0x10cb/0x1730 lib/asn1_decoder.c:233
Read of size 1 at addr ffff88003cccfa02 by task syz-executor0/6818
CPU: 1 PID: 6818 Comm: syz-executor0 Not tainted 4.14.0-rc7-00008-g5f479447d983 #2
Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS Bochs 01/01/2011
Call Trace:
__dump_stack lib/dump_stack.c:16 [inline]
dump_stack+0xb3/0x10b lib/dump_stack.c:52
print_address_description+0x79/0x2a0 mm/kasan/report.c:252
kasan_report_error mm/kasan/report.c:351 [inline]
kasan_report+0x236/0x340 mm/kasan/report.c:409
__asan_report_load1_noabort+0x14/0x20 mm/kasan/report.c:427
asn1_ber_decoder+0x10cb/0x1730 lib/asn1_decoder.c:233
x509_cert_parse+0x1db/0x650 crypto/asymmetric_keys/x509_cert_parser.c:89
x509_key_preparse+0x64/0x7a0 crypto/asymmetric_keys/x509_public_key.c:174
asymmetric_key_preparse+0xcb/0x1a0 crypto/asymmetric_keys/asymmetric_type.c:388
key_create_or_update+0x347/0xb20 security/keys/key.c:855
SYSC_add_key security/keys/keyctl.c:122 [inline]
SyS_add_key+0x1cd/0x340 security/keys/keyctl.c:62
entry_SYSCALL_64_fastpath+0x1f/0xbe
RIP: 0033:0x447c89
RSP: 002b:00007fca7a5d3bd8 EFLAGS: 00000246 ORIG_RAX: 00000000000000f8
RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 00007fca7a5d46cc RCX: 0000000000447c89
RDX: 0000000020006f4a RSI: 0000000020006000 RDI: 0000000020001ff5
RBP: 0000000000000046 R08: fffffffffffffffd R09: 0000000000000000
R10: 0000000000000002 R11: 0000000000000246 R12: 0000000000000000
R13: 0000000000000000 R14: 00007fca7a5d49c0 R15: 00007fca7a5d4700
Fixes: 42d5ec27f873 ("X.509: Add an ASN.1 decoder")
Signed-off-by: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@google.com>
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: James Morris <james.l.morris@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
|
|
commit ea6789980fdaa610d7eb63602c746bf6ec70cd2b upstream.
This fixes CVE-2017-12193.
Fix a case in the assoc_array implementation in which a new leaf is
added that needs to go into a node that happens to be full, where the
existing leaves in that node cluster together at that level to the
exclusion of new leaf.
What needs to happen is that the existing leaves get moved out to a new
node, N1, at level + 1 and the existing node needs replacing with one,
N0, that has pointers to the new leaf and to N1.
The code that tries to do this gets this wrong in two ways:
(1) The pointer that should've pointed from N0 to N1 is set to point
recursively to N0 instead.
(2) The backpointer from N0 needs to be set correctly in the case N0 is
either the root node or reached through a shortcut.
Fix this by removing this path and using the split_node path instead,
which achieves the same end, but in a more general way (thanks to Eric
Biggers for spotting the redundancy).
The problem manifests itself as:
BUG: unable to handle kernel NULL pointer dereference at 0000000000000010
IP: assoc_array_apply_edit+0x59/0xe5
Fixes: 3cb989501c26 ("Add a generic associative array implementation.")
Reported-and-tested-by: WU Fan <u3536072@connect.hku.hk>
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
|
|
commit 192cabd6a296cbc57b3d8c05c4c89d87fc102506 upstream.
digsig_verify() requests a user key, then accesses its payload.
However, a revoked key has a NULL payload, and we failed to check for
this. request_key() *does* skip revoked keys, but there is still a
window where the key can be revoked before we acquire its semaphore.
Fix it by checking for a NULL payload, treating it like a key which was
already revoked at the time it was requested.
Fixes: 051dbb918c7f ("crypto: digital signature verification support")
Reviewed-by: James Morris <james.l.morris@oracle.com>
Cc: Dmitry Kasatkin <dmitry.kasatkin@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@google.com>
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
|
|
commit f5527fffff3f002b0a6b376163613b82f69de073 upstream.
This fixes CVE-2016-8650.
If mpi_powm() is given a zero exponent, it wants to immediately return
either 1 or 0, depending on the modulus. However, if the result was
initalised with zero limb space, no limbs space is allocated and a
NULL-pointer exception ensues.
Fix this by allocating a minimal amount of limb space for the result when
the 0-exponent case when the result is 1 and not touching the limb space
when the result is 0.
This affects the use of RSA keys and X.509 certificates that carry them.
BUG: unable to handle kernel NULL pointer dereference at (null)
IP: [<ffffffff8138ce5d>] mpi_powm+0x32/0x7e6
PGD 0
Oops: 0002 [#1] SMP
Modules linked in:
CPU: 3 PID: 3014 Comm: keyctl Not tainted 4.9.0-rc6-fscache+ #278
Hardware name: ASUS All Series/H97-PLUS, BIOS 2306 10/09/2014
task: ffff8804011944c0 task.stack: ffff880401294000
RIP: 0010:[<ffffffff8138ce5d>] [<ffffffff8138ce5d>] mpi_powm+0x32/0x7e6
RSP: 0018:ffff880401297ad8 EFLAGS: 00010212
RAX: 0000000000000000 RBX: ffff88040868bec0 RCX: ffff88040868bba0
RDX: ffff88040868b260 RSI: ffff88040868bec0 RDI: ffff88040868bee0
RBP: ffff880401297ba8 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000000000000
R10: 0000000000000047 R11: ffffffff8183b210 R12: 0000000000000000
R13: ffff8804087c7600 R14: 000000000000001f R15: ffff880401297c50
FS: 00007f7a7918c700(0000) GS:ffff88041fb80000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000
CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033
CR2: 0000000000000000 CR3: 0000000401250000 CR4: 00000000001406e0
Stack:
ffff88040868bec0 0000000000000020 ffff880401297b00 ffffffff81376cd4
0000000000000100 ffff880401297b10 ffffffff81376d12 ffff880401297b30
ffffffff81376f37 0000000000000100 0000000000000000 ffff880401297ba8
Call Trace:
[<ffffffff81376cd4>] ? __sg_page_iter_next+0x43/0x66
[<ffffffff81376d12>] ? sg_miter_get_next_page+0x1b/0x5d
[<ffffffff81376f37>] ? sg_miter_next+0x17/0xbd
[<ffffffff8138ba3a>] ? mpi_read_raw_from_sgl+0xf2/0x146
[<ffffffff8132a95c>] rsa_verify+0x9d/0xee
[<ffffffff8132acca>] ? pkcs1pad_sg_set_buf+0x2e/0xbb
[<ffffffff8132af40>] pkcs1pad_verify+0xc0/0xe1
[<ffffffff8133cb5e>] public_key_verify_signature+0x1b0/0x228
[<ffffffff8133d974>] x509_check_for_self_signed+0xa1/0xc4
[<ffffffff8133cdde>] x509_cert_parse+0x167/0x1a1
[<ffffffff8133d609>] x509_key_preparse+0x21/0x1a1
[<ffffffff8133c3d7>] asymmetric_key_preparse+0x34/0x61
[<ffffffff812fc9f3>] key_create_or_update+0x145/0x399
[<ffffffff812fe227>] SyS_add_key+0x154/0x19e
[<ffffffff81001c2b>] do_syscall_64+0x80/0x191
[<ffffffff816825e4>] entry_SYSCALL64_slow_path+0x25/0x25
Code: 56 41 55 41 54 53 48 81 ec a8 00 00 00 44 8b 71 04 8b 42 04 4c 8b 67 18 45 85 f6 89 45 80 0f 84 b4 06 00 00 85 c0 75 2f 41 ff ce <49> c7 04 24 01 00 00 00 b0 01 75 0b 48 8b 41 18 48 83 38 01 0f
RIP [<ffffffff8138ce5d>] mpi_powm+0x32/0x7e6
RSP <ffff880401297ad8>
CR2: 0000000000000000
---[ end trace d82015255d4a5d8d ]---
Basically, this is a backport of a libgcrypt patch:
http://git.gnupg.org/cgi-bin/gitweb.cgi?p=libgcrypt.git;a=patch;h=6e1adb05d290aeeb1c230c763970695f4a538526
Fixes: cdec9cb5167a ("crypto: GnuPG based MPI lib - source files (part 1)")
Signed-off-by: Andrey Ryabinin <aryabinin@virtuozzo.com>
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
cc: Dmitry Kasatkin <dmitry.kasatkin@gmail.com>
cc: linux-ima-devel@lists.sourceforge.net
Signed-off-by: James Morris <james.l.morris@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
|
|
commit 5e19b013f55a884c59a14391b22138899d1cc4cc upstream.
Add a bitmap_find_next_zero_area_off() function which works like
bitmap_find_next_zero_area() function except it allows an offset to be
specified when alignment is checked. This lets caller request a bit such
that its number plus the offset is aligned according to the mask.
[gregory.0xf0@gmail.com: Retrieved from https://patchwork.linuxtv.org/patch/6254/ and updated documentation]
Signed-off-by: Michal Nazarewicz <mina86@mina86.com>
Signed-off-by: Kyungmin Park <kyungmin.park@samsung.com>
Signed-off-by: Marek Szyprowski <m.szyprowski@samsung.com>
Signed-off-by: Gregory Fong <gregory.0xf0@gmail.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: Kukjin Kim <kgene.kim@samsung.com>
Cc: Laurent Pinchart <laurent.pinchart@ideasonboard.com>
Cc: Laura Abbott <lauraa@codeaurora.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
|
|
[ Upstream commit da0510c47519fe0999cffe316e1d370e29f952be ]
The build of frv allmodconfig was failing with the errors like:
/tmp/cc0JSPc3.s: Assembler messages:
/tmp/cc0JSPc3.s:1839: Error: symbol `.LSLT0' is already defined
/tmp/cc0JSPc3.s:1842: Error: symbol `.LASLTP0' is already defined
/tmp/cc0JSPc3.s:1969: Error: symbol `.LELTP0' is already defined
/tmp/cc0JSPc3.s:1970: Error: symbol `.LELT0' is already defined
Commit 866ced950bcd ("kbuild: Support split debug info v4") introduced
splitting the debug info and keeping that in a separate file. Somehow,
the frv-linux gcc did not like that and I am guessing that instead of
splitting it started copying. The first report about this is at:
https://lists.01.org/pipermail/kbuild-all/2015-July/010527.html.
I will try and see if this can work with frv and if still fails I will
open a bug report with gcc. But meanwhile this is the easiest option to
solve build failure of frv.
Fixes: 866ced950bcd ("kbuild: Support split debug info v4")
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1482062348-5352-1-git-send-email-sudipm.mukherjee@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Sudip Mukherjee <sudip.mukherjee@codethink.co.uk>
Reported-by: Fengguang Wu <fengguang.wu@intel.com>
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com>
Cc: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <alexander.levin@verizon.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
|
|
commit 990486c8af044f89bddfbde1d1cf9fde449bedbf upstream.
It's possible that the destination can be shadowed in userspace
(as, for example, the perf buffers are now). So we should take
care not to leak data that could be inspected by userspace.
Signed-off-by: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@ezchip.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
|
|
commit 30035e45753b708e7d47a98398500ca005e02b86 upstream.
The strscpy() API is intended to be used instead of strlcpy(),
and instead of most uses of strncpy().
- Unlike strlcpy(), it doesn't read from memory beyond (src + size).
- Unlike strlcpy() or strncpy(), the API provides an easy way to check
for destination buffer overflow: an -E2BIG error return value.
- The provided implementation is robust in the face of the source
buffer being asynchronously changed during the copy, unlike the
current implementation of strlcpy().
- Unlike strncpy(), the destination buffer will be NUL-terminated
if the string in the source buffer is too long.
- Also unlike strncpy(), the destination buffer will not be updated
beyond the NUL termination, avoiding strncpy's behavior of zeroing
the entire tail end of the destination buffer. (A memset() after
the strscpy() can be used if this behavior is desired.)
- The implementation should be reasonably performant on all
platforms since it uses the asm/word-at-a-time.h API rather than
simple byte copy. Kernel-to-kernel string copy is not considered
to be performance critical in any case.
Signed-off-by: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@ezchip.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
|
|
commit a91e0f680bcd9e10c253ae8b62462a38bd48f09f upstream.
When using get_options() it's possible to specify a range of numbers,
like 1-100500. The problem is that it doesn't track array size while
calling internally to get_range() which iterates over the range and
fills the memory with numbers.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/2613C75C-B04D-4BFF-82A6-12F97BA0F620@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Ilya V. Matveychikov <matvejchikov@gmail.com>
Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
|
|
commit f5f893c57e37ca730808cb2eee3820abd05e7507 upstream.
Under SMAP/PAN/etc, we cannot write directly to userspace memory, so
this rearranges the test bytes to get written through copy_to_user().
Additionally drops the bad copy_from_user() test that would trigger a
memcpy() against userspace on failure.
[arnd: the test module was added in 3.14, and this backported patch
should apply cleanly on all version from 3.14 to 4.10.
The original patch was in 4.11 on top of a context change
I saw the bug triggered with kselftest on a 4.4.y stable kernel]
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Signed-off-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
|
|
commit 23c8a812dc3c621009e4f0e5342aa4e2ede1ceaa upstream.
This fixes CVE-2016-0758.
In the ASN.1 decoder, when the length field of an ASN.1 value is extracted,
it isn't validated against the remaining amount of data before being added
to the cursor. With a sufficiently large size indicated, the check:
datalen - dp < 2
may then fail due to integer overflow.
Fix this by checking the length indicated against the amount of remaining
data in both places a definite length is determined.
Whilst we're at it, make the following changes:
(1) Check the maximum size of extended length does not exceed the capacity
of the variable it's being stored in (len) rather than the type that
variable is assumed to be (size_t).
(2) Compare the EOC tag to the symbolic constant ASN1_EOC rather than the
integer 0.
(3) To reduce confusion, move the initialisation of len outside of:
for (len = 0; n > 0; n--) {
since it doesn't have anything to do with the loop counter n.
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Mimi Zohar <zohar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Acked-by: David Woodhouse <David.Woodhouse@intel.com>
Acked-by: Peter Jones <pjones@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Amit Pundir <amit.pundir@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
|
|
commit 0d62e9dd6da45bbf0f33a8617afc5fe774c8f45f upstream.
If the ASN.1 decoder is asked to parse a sequence of objects, non-optional
matches get skipped if there's no more data to be had rather than a
data-overrun error being reported.
This is due to the code segment that decides whether to skip optional
matches (ie. matches that could get ignored because an element is marked
OPTIONAL in the grammar) due to a lack of data also skips non-optional
elements if the data pointer has reached the end of the buffer.
This can be tested with the data decoder for the new RSA akcipher algorithm
that takes three non-optional integers. Currently, it skips the last
integer if there is insufficient data.
Without the fix, #defining DEBUG in asn1_decoder.c will show something
like:
next_op: pc=0/13 dp=0/270 C=0 J=0
- match? 30 30 00
- TAG: 30 266 CONS
next_op: pc=2/13 dp=4/270 C=1 J=0
- match? 02 02 00
- TAG: 02 257
- LEAF: 257
next_op: pc=5/13 dp=265/270 C=1 J=0
- match? 02 02 00
- TAG: 02 3
- LEAF: 3
next_op: pc=8/13 dp=270/270 C=1 J=0
next_op: pc=11/13 dp=270/270 C=1 J=0
- end cons t=4 dp=270 l=270/270
The next_op line for pc=8/13 should be followed by a match line.
This is not exploitable for X.509 certificates by means of shortening the
message and fixing up the ASN.1 CONS tags because:
(1) The relevant records being built up are cleared before use.
(2) If the message is shortened sufficiently to remove the public key, the
ASN.1 parse of the RSA key will fail quickly due to a lack of data.
(3) Extracted signature data is either turned into MPIs (which cope with a
0 length) or is simpler integers specifying algoritms and suchlike
(which can validly be 0); and
(4) The AKID and SKID extensions are optional and their removal is handled
without risking passing a NULL to asymmetric_key_generate_id().
(5) If the certificate is truncated sufficiently to remove the subject,
issuer or serialNumber then the ASN.1 decoder will fail with a 'Cons
stack underflow' return.
This is not exploitable for PKCS#7 messages by means of removal of elements
from such a message from the tail end of a sequence:
(1) Any shortened X.509 certs embedded in the PKCS#7 message are survivable
as detailed above.
(2) The message digest content isn't used if it shows a NULL pointer,
similarly, the authattrs aren't used if that shows a NULL pointer.
(3) A missing signature results in a NULL MPI - which the MPI routines deal
with.
(4) If data is NULL, it is expected that the message has detached content and
that is handled appropriately.
(5) If the serialNumber is excised, the unconditional action associated
with it will pick up the containing SEQUENCE instead, so no NULL
pointer will be seen here.
If both the issuer and the serialNumber are excised, the ASN.1 decode
will fail with an 'Unexpected tag' return.
In either case, there's no way to get to asymmetric_key_generate_id()
with a NULL pointer.
(6) Other fields are decoded to simple integers. Shortening the message
to omit an algorithm ID field will cause checks on this to fail early
in the verification process.
This can also be tested by snipping objects off of the end of the ASN.1 stream
such that mandatory tags are removed - or even from the end of internal
SEQUENCEs. If any mandatory tag is missing, the error EBADMSG *should* be
produced. Without this patch ERANGE or ENOPKG might be produced or the parse
may apparently succeed, perhaps with ENOKEY or EKEYREJECTED being produced
later, depending on what gets snipped.
Just snipping off the final BIT_STRING or OCTET_STRING from either sample
should be a start since both are mandatory and neither will cause an EBADMSG
without the patches
Reported-by: Marcel Holtmann <marcel@holtmann.org>
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Tested-by: Marcel Holtmann <marcel@holtmann.org>
Reviewed-by: David Woodhouse <David.Woodhouse@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Amit Pundir <amit.pundir@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
|
|
commit f36963c9d3f6f415732710da3acdd8608a9fa0e5 upstream.
da91309e0a7e (cpumask: Utility function to set n'th cpu...) created a
genuinely weird function. I never saw it before, it went through DaveM.
(He only does this to make us other maintainers feel better about our own
mistakes.)
cpumask_set_cpu_local_first's purpose is say "I need to spread things
across N online cpus, choose the ones on this numa node first"; you call
it in a loop.
It can fail. One of the two callers ignores this, the other aborts and
fails the device open.
It can fail in two ways: allocating the off-stack cpumask, or through a
convoluted codepath which AFAICT can only occur if cpu_online_mask
changes. Which shouldn't happen, because if cpu_online_mask can change
while you call this, it could return a now-offline cpu anyway.
It contains a nonsensical test "!cpumask_of_node(numa_node)". This was
drawn to my attention by Geert, who said this causes a warning on Sparc.
It sets a single bit in a cpumask instead of returning a cpu number,
because that's what the callers want.
It could be made more efficient by passing the previous cpu rather than
an index, but that would be more invasive to the callers.
[backporting for 3.18: only two callers exist, otherwise no change.
The same warning shows up for "!cpumask_of_node()", and I thought
about just addressing the warning, but using the whole fix seemed
better in the end as one of the two callers also lacks the error
handling]
Fixes: da91309e0a7e8966d916a74cce42ed170fde06bf
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au> (then rebased)
Tested-by: Amir Vadai <amirv@mellanox.com>
Acked-by: Amir Vadai <amirv@mellanox.com>
Acked-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Signed-off-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
|
|
commit 2aa2f9e21e4eb25c720b2e7d80f8929638f6ad73 upstream.
On 64 bit, size may very well be huge even if bit 31 happens to be 0.
Somehow it doesn't feel right that one can pass a 5 GiB buffer but not a
3 GiB one. So cap at INT_MAX as was probably the intention all along.
This is also the made-up value passed by sprintf and vsprintf.
Signed-off-by: Rasmus Villemoes <linux@rasmusvillemoes.dk>
Cc: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
Cc: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
|
|
[ Upstream commit 360f54796ed65939093ae373b92ebd5ef3341776 ]
We can be more aggressive about this, if we are clever and careful. This is subtle.
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <alexander.levin@verizon.com>
|
|
[ Upstream commit 3017cd63f26fc655d56875aaf497153ba60e9edf ]
With netconsole (at least) the pr_err("... disablingn") call can
recurse back into the dma-debug code, where it'll try to grab
free_entries_lock again. Avoid the problem by doing the printk after
dropping the lock.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1463678421-18683-1-git-send-email-ville.syrjala@linux.intel.com
Signed-off-by: Ville Syrjälä <ville.syrjala@linux.intel.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com>
|
|
[ Upstream commit 3e26a691fe3fe1e02a76e5bab0c143ace4b137b4 ]
Based on Sergey's test patch [1], this fixes zram with lz4 compression
on big endian cpus.
Note that the 64-bit preprocessor test is not a cleanup, it's part of
the fix, since those identifiers are bogus (for example, __ppc64__
isn't defined anywhere else in the kernel, which means we'd fall into
the 32-bit definitions on ppc64).
Tested on ppc64 with no regression on x86_64.
[1] http://marc.info/?l=linux-kernel&m=145994470805853&w=4
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Suggested-by: Sergey Senozhatsky <sergey.senozhatsky@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Rui Salvaterra <rsalvaterra@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Sergey Senozhatsky <sergey.senozhatsky@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com>
|
|
[ Upstream commit 8d4a2ec1e0b41b0cf9a0c5cd4511da7f8e4f3de2 ]
Changes since V1: fixed the description and added KASan warning.
In assoc_array_insert_into_terminal_node(), we call the
compare_object() method on all non-empty slots, even when they're
not leaves, passing a pointer to an unexpected structure to
compare_object(). Currently it causes an out-of-bound read access
in keyring_compare_object detected by KASan (see below). The issue
is easily reproduced with keyutils testsuite.
Only call compare_object() when the slot is a leave.
KASan warning:
==================================================================
BUG: KASAN: slab-out-of-bounds in keyring_compare_object+0x213/0x240 at addr ffff880060a6f838
Read of size 8 by task keyctl/1655
=============================================================================
BUG kmalloc-192 (Not tainted): kasan: bad access detected
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Disabling lock debugging due to kernel taint
INFO: Allocated in assoc_array_insert+0xfd0/0x3a60 age=69 cpu=1 pid=1647
___slab_alloc+0x563/0x5c0
__slab_alloc+0x51/0x90
kmem_cache_alloc_trace+0x263/0x300
assoc_array_insert+0xfd0/0x3a60
__key_link_begin+0xfc/0x270
key_create_or_update+0x459/0xaf0
SyS_add_key+0x1ba/0x350
entry_SYSCALL_64_fastpath+0x12/0x76
INFO: Slab 0xffffea0001829b80 objects=16 used=8 fp=0xffff880060a6f550 flags=0x3fff8000004080
INFO: Object 0xffff880060a6f740 @offset=5952 fp=0xffff880060a6e5d1
Bytes b4 ffff880060a6f730: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................
Object ffff880060a6f740: d1 e5 a6 60 00 88 ff ff 0e 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ...`............
Object ffff880060a6f750: 02 cf 8e 60 00 88 ff ff 02 c0 8e 60 00 88 ff ff ...`.......`....
Object ffff880060a6f760: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................
Object ffff880060a6f770: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................
Object ffff880060a6f780: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................
Object ffff880060a6f790: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................
Object ffff880060a6f7a0: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................
Object ffff880060a6f7b0: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................
Object ffff880060a6f7c0: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................
Object ffff880060a6f7d0: 02 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................
Object ffff880060a6f7e0: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................
Object ffff880060a6f7f0: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................
CPU: 0 PID: 1655 Comm: keyctl Tainted: G B 4.5.0-rc4-kasan+ #291
Hardware name: Bochs Bochs, BIOS Bochs 01/01/2011
0000000000000000 000000001b2800b4 ffff880060a179e0 ffffffff81b60491
ffff88006c802900 ffff880060a6f740 ffff880060a17a10 ffffffff815e2969
ffff88006c802900 ffffea0001829b80 ffff880060a6f740 ffff880060a6e650
Call Trace:
[<ffffffff81b60491>] dump_stack+0x85/0xc4
[<ffffffff815e2969>] print_trailer+0xf9/0x150
[<ffffffff815e9454>] object_err+0x34/0x40
[<ffffffff815ebe50>] kasan_report_error+0x230/0x550
[<ffffffff819949be>] ? keyring_get_key_chunk+0x13e/0x210
[<ffffffff815ec62d>] __asan_report_load_n_noabort+0x5d/0x70
[<ffffffff81994cc3>] ? keyring_compare_object+0x213/0x240
[<ffffffff81994cc3>] keyring_compare_object+0x213/0x240
[<ffffffff81bc238c>] assoc_array_insert+0x86c/0x3a60
[<ffffffff81bc1b20>] ? assoc_array_cancel_edit+0x70/0x70
[<ffffffff8199797d>] ? __key_link_begin+0x20d/0x270
[<ffffffff8199786c>] __key_link_begin+0xfc/0x270
[<ffffffff81993389>] key_create_or_update+0x459/0xaf0
[<ffffffff8128ce0d>] ? trace_hardirqs_on+0xd/0x10
[<ffffffff81992f30>] ? key_type_lookup+0xc0/0xc0
[<ffffffff8199e19d>] ? lookup_user_key+0x13d/0xcd0
[<ffffffff81534763>] ? memdup_user+0x53/0x80
[<ffffffff819983ea>] SyS_add_key+0x1ba/0x350
[<ffffffff81998230>] ? key_get_type_from_user.constprop.6+0xa0/0xa0
[<ffffffff828bcf4e>] ? retint_user+0x18/0x23
[<ffffffff8128cc7e>] ? trace_hardirqs_on_caller+0x3fe/0x580
[<ffffffff81004017>] ? trace_hardirqs_on_thunk+0x17/0x19
[<ffffffff828bc432>] entry_SYSCALL_64_fastpath+0x12/0x76
Memory state around the buggy address:
ffff880060a6f700: fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
ffff880060a6f780: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 fc fc fc fc fc
>ffff880060a6f800: fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc
^
ffff880060a6f880: fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc
ffff880060a6f900: fc fc fc fc fc fc 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
==================================================================
Signed-off-by: Jerome Marchand <jmarchan@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com>
|
|
[ Upstream commit a68075908a37850918ad96b056acc9ac4ce1bd90 ]
The comparisons should be >= since 0x800 and 0x80 require an additional bit
to store.
For the 3 byte case, the existing shift would drop off 2 more bits than
intended.
For the 2 byte case, there should be 5 bits bits in byte 1, and 6 bits in
byte 2.
Signed-off-by: Jason Andryuk <jandryuk@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Laszlo Ersek <lersek@redhat.com>
Cc: Peter Jones <pjones@redhat.com>
Cc: Matthew Garrett <mjg59@coreos.com>
Cc: "Lee, Chun-Yi" <jlee@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: Matt Fleming <matt@codeblueprint.co.uk>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com>
|
|
[ Upstream commit 73500267c930baadadb0d02284909731baf151f7 ]
This adds ucs2_utf8size(), which tells us how big our ucs2 string is in
bytes, and ucs2_as_utf8, which translates from ucs2 to utf8..
Signed-off-by: Peter Jones <pjones@redhat.com>
Tested-by: Lee, Chun-Yi <jlee@suse.com>
Acked-by: Matthew Garrett <mjg59@coreos.com>
Signed-off-by: Matt Fleming <matt@codeblueprint.co.uk>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com>
|
|
[ Upstream commit 00cd29b799e3449f0c68b1cc77cd4a5f95b42d17 ]
The starting node for a klist iteration is often passed in from
somewhere way above the klist infrastructure, meaning there's no
guarantee the node is still on the list. We've seen this in SCSI where
we use bus_find_device() to iterate through a list of devices. In the
face of heavy hotplug activity, the last device returned by
bus_find_device() can be removed before the next call. This leads to
Dec 3 13:22:02 localhost kernel: WARNING: CPU: 2 PID: 28073 at include/linux/kref.h:47 klist_iter_init_node+0x3d/0x50()
Dec 3 13:22:02 localhost kernel: Modules linked in: scsi_debug x86_pkg_temp_thermal kvm_intel kvm irqbypass crc32c_intel joydev iTCO_wdt dcdbas ipmi_devintf acpi_power_meter iTCO_vendor_support ipmi_si imsghandler pcspkr wmi acpi_cpufreq tpm_tis tpm shpchp lpc_ich mfd_core nfsd nfs_acl lockd grace sunrpc tg3 ptp pps_core
Dec 3 13:22:02 localhost kernel: CPU: 2 PID: 28073 Comm: cat Not tainted 4.4.0-rc1+ #2
Dec 3 13:22:02 localhost kernel: Hardware name: Dell Inc. PowerEdge R320/08VT7V, BIOS 2.0.22 11/19/2013
Dec 3 13:22:02 localhost kernel: ffffffff81a20e77 ffff880613acfd18 ffffffff81321eef 0000000000000000
Dec 3 13:22:02 localhost kernel: ffff880613acfd50 ffffffff8107ca52 ffff88061176b198 0000000000000000
Dec 3 13:22:02 localhost kernel: ffffffff814542b0 ffff880610cfb100 ffff88061176b198 ffff880613acfd60
Dec 3 13:22:02 localhost kernel: Call Trace:
Dec 3 13:22:02 localhost kernel: [<ffffffff81321eef>] dump_stack+0x44/0x55
Dec 3 13:22:02 localhost kernel: [<ffffffff8107ca52>] warn_slowpath_common+0x82/0xc0
Dec 3 13:22:02 localhost kernel: [<ffffffff814542b0>] ? proc_scsi_show+0x20/0x20
Dec 3 13:22:02 localhost kernel: [<ffffffff8107cb4a>] warn_slowpath_null+0x1a/0x20
Dec 3 13:22:02 localhost kernel: [<ffffffff8167225d>] klist_iter_init_node+0x3d/0x50
Dec 3 13:22:02 localhost kernel: [<ffffffff81421d41>] bus_find_device+0x51/0xb0
Dec 3 13:22:02 localhost kernel: [<ffffffff814545ad>] scsi_seq_next+0x2d/0x40
[...]
And an eventual crash. It can actually occur in any hotplug system
which has a device finder and a starting device.
We can fix this globally by making sure the starting node for
klist_iter_init_node() is actually a member of the list before using it
(and by starting from the beginning if it isn't).
Reported-by: Ewan D. Milne <emilne@redhat.com>
Tested-by: Ewan D. Milne <emilne@redhat.com>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: James Bottomley <James.Bottomley@HansenPartnership.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com>
|
|
[ Upstream commit d7ce36924344ace0dbdc855b1206cacc46b36d45 ]
Some servers experienced fatal deadlocks because of a combination of
bugs, leading to multiple cpus calling dump_stack().
The checksumming bug was fixed in commit 34ae6a1aa054 ("ipv6: update
skb->csum when CE mark is propagated").
The second problem is a faulty locking in dump_stack()
CPU1 runs in process context and calls dump_stack(), grabs dump_lock.
CPU2 receives a TCP packet under softirq, grabs socket spinlock, and
call dump_stack() from netdev_rx_csum_fault().
dump_stack() spins on atomic_cmpxchg(&dump_lock, -1, 2), since
dump_lock is owned by CPU1
While dumping its stack, CPU1 is interrupted by a softirq, and happens
to process a packet for the TCP socket locked by CPU2.
CPU1 spins forever in spin_lock() : deadlock
Stack trace on CPU1 looked like :
NMI backtrace for cpu 1
RIP: _raw_spin_lock+0x25/0x30
...
Call Trace:
<IRQ>
tcp_v6_rcv+0x243/0x620
ip6_input_finish+0x11f/0x330
ip6_input+0x38/0x40
ip6_rcv_finish+0x3c/0x90
ipv6_rcv+0x2a9/0x500
process_backlog+0x461/0xaa0
net_rx_action+0x147/0x430
__do_softirq+0x167/0x2d0
call_softirq+0x1c/0x30
do_softirq+0x3f/0x80
irq_exit+0x6e/0xc0
smp_call_function_single_interrupt+0x35/0x40
call_function_single_interrupt+0x6a/0x70
<EOI>
printk+0x4d/0x4f
printk_address+0x31/0x33
print_trace_address+0x33/0x3c
print_context_stack+0x7f/0x119
dump_trace+0x26b/0x28e
show_trace_log_lvl+0x4f/0x5c
show_stack_log_lvl+0x104/0x113
show_stack+0x42/0x44
dump_stack+0x46/0x58
netdev_rx_csum_fault+0x38/0x3c
__skb_checksum_complete_head+0x6e/0x80
__skb_checksum_complete+0x11/0x20
tcp_rcv_established+0x2bd5/0x2fd0
tcp_v6_do_rcv+0x13c/0x620
sk_backlog_rcv+0x15/0x30
release_sock+0xd2/0x150
tcp_recvmsg+0x1c1/0xfc0
inet_recvmsg+0x7d/0x90
sock_recvmsg+0xaf/0xe0
___sys_recvmsg+0x111/0x3b0
SyS_recvmsg+0x5c/0xb0
system_call_fastpath+0x16/0x1b
Fixes: b58d977432c8 ("dump_stack: serialize the output from dump_stack()")
Signed-off-by: Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com>
Cc: Alex Thorlton <athorlton@sgi.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com>
|
|
[ Upstream commit 46437f9a554fbe3e110580ca08ab703b59f2f95a ]
If the indirect_ptr bit is set on a slot, that indicates we need to redo
the lookup. Introduce a new function radix_tree_iter_retry() which
forces the loop to retry the lookup by setting 'slot' to NULL and
turning the iterator back to point at the problematic entry.
This is a pretty rare problem to hit at the moment; the lookup has to
race with a grow of the radix tree from a height of 0. The consequences
of hitting this race are that gang lookup could return a pointer to a
radix_tree_node instead of a pointer to whatever the user had inserted
in the tree.
Fixes: cebbd29e1c2f ("radix-tree: rewrite gang lookup using iterator")
Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox <willy@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Ohad Ben-Cohen <ohad@wizery.com>
Cc: Konstantin Khlebnikov <khlebnikov@openvz.org>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com>
|
|
[ Upstream commit fd7f6727102a1ccf6b4c1dfcc631f9b546526b26 ]
I don't think it makes sense for a module to have a soft dependency
on itself. This seems quite cyclic by nature and I can't see what
purpose it could serve.
OTOH libcrc32c calls crypto_alloc_shash("crc32c", 0, 0) so it pretty
much assumes that some incarnation of the "crc32c" hash algorithm has
been loaded. Therefore it makes sense to have the soft dependency
there (as crc-t10dif does.)
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Cc: Tim Chen <tim.c.chen@linux.intel.com>
Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net>
Signed-off-by: Jean Delvare <jdelvare@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Herbert Xu <herbert@gondor.apana.org.au>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com>
|
|
[ Upstream commit ea535e418c01837d07b6c94e817540f50bfdadb0 ]
In include/asm-generic/sections.h:
/*
* Usage guidelines:
* _text, _data: architecture specific, don't use them in
* arch-independent code
* [_stext, _etext]: contains .text.* sections, may also contain
* .rodata.*
* and/or .init.* sections
_text is not guaranteed across architectures. Architectures such as ARM
may reuse parts which are not actually text and erroneously trigger a bug.
Switch to using _stext which is guaranteed to contain text sections.
Came out of https://lkml.kernel.org/g/<567B1176.4000106@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Laura Abbott <labbott@fedoraproject.org>
Reviewed-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: Russell King <linux@arm.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com>
|
|
[ Upstream commit 886d3dfa85d5aa6f11813c319e50f5402c7cf4e4 ]
The comment helpfully explains why hardirq.h is included, but since
commit 2d4b84739f0a ("hardirq: Split preempt count mask definitions")
in_interrupt() has been provided by preempt_mask.h. Use that instead,
saving around 40 lines in the generated dependency file.
Signed-off-by: Rasmus Villemoes <linux@rasmusvillemoes.dk>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com>
|
|
[ Upstream commit 2528a8b8f457d7432552d0e2b6f0f4046bb702f4 ]
bitmap_parselist("", &mask, nmaskbits) will erroneously set bit zero in
the mask. The same bug is visible in cpumask_parselist() since it is
layered on top of the bitmask code, e.g. if you boot with "isolcpus=",
you will actually end up with cpu zero isolated.
The bug was introduced in commit 4b060420a596 ("bitmap, irq: add
smp_affinity_list interface to /proc/irq") when bitmap_parselist() was
generalized to support userspace as well as kernelspace.
Fixes: 4b060420a596 ("bitmap, irq: add smp_affinity_list interface to /proc/irq")
Signed-off-by: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@ezchip.com>
Cc: Rasmus Villemoes <linux@rasmusvillemoes.dk>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com>
|
|
Hash value passed as argument into rhashtable_lookup_compare could be
computed using different hash table than rhashtable_lookup_compare sees.
This patch passes key into rhashtable_lookup_compare() instead of hash and
compures hash value right in place using the same table as for lookup.
Also it adds comment for rhashtable_hashfn and rhashtable_obj_hashfn:
user must prevent concurrent insert/remove otherwise returned hash value
could be invalid.
Signed-off-by: Konstantin Khlebnikov <khlebnikov@yandex-team.ru>
Fixes: e341694e3eb5 ("netlink: Convert netlink_lookup() to use RCU protected hash table")
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20150514042151.GA5482@gondor.apana.org.au
Cc: Stable <stable@vger.kernel.org> (v3.17 .. v3.19)
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com>
|
|
[ Upstream commit f18c34e483ff6b1d9866472221e4015b3a4698e4 ]
If the specified maximum length of the string is a multiple of unsigned
long, we would load one long behind the specified maximum. If that
happens to be in a next page, we can hit a page fault although we were
not expected to.
Fix the off-by-one bug in the test whether we are at the end of the
specified range.
Signed-off-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com>
|
|
[ Upstream commit 0b053c9518292705736329a8fe20ef4686ffc8e9 ]
OPTIMIZER_HIDE_VAR(), as defined when using gcc, is insufficient to
ensure protection from dead store optimization.
For the random driver and crypto drivers, calls are emitted ...
$ gdb vmlinux
(gdb) disassemble memzero_explicit
Dump of assembler code for function memzero_explicit:
0xffffffff813a18b0 <+0>: push %rbp
0xffffffff813a18b1 <+1>: mov %rsi,%rdx
0xffffffff813a18b4 <+4>: xor %esi,%esi
0xffffffff813a18b6 <+6>: mov %rsp,%rbp
0xffffffff813a18b9 <+9>: callq 0xffffffff813a7120 <memset>
0xffffffff813a18be <+14>: pop %rbp
0xffffffff813a18bf <+15>: retq
End of assembler dump.
(gdb) disassemble extract_entropy
[...]
0xffffffff814a5009 <+313>: mov %r12,%rdi
0xffffffff814a500c <+316>: mov $0xa,%esi
0xffffffff814a5011 <+321>: callq 0xffffffff813a18b0 <memzero_explicit>
0xffffffff814a5016 <+326>: mov -0x48(%rbp),%rax
[...]
... but in case in future we might use facilities such as LTO, then
OPTIMIZER_HIDE_VAR() is not sufficient to protect gcc from a possible
eviction of the memset(). We have to use a compiler barrier instead.
Minimal test example when we assume memzero_explicit() would *not* be
a call, but would have been *inlined* instead:
static inline void memzero_explicit(void *s, size_t count)
{
memset(s, 0, count);
<foo>
}
int main(void)
{
char buff[20];
snprintf(buff, sizeof(buff) - 1, "test");
printf("%s", buff);
memzero_explicit(buff, sizeof(buff));
return 0;
}
With <foo> := OPTIMIZER_HIDE_VAR():
(gdb) disassemble main
Dump of assembler code for function main:
[...]
0x0000000000400464 <+36>: callq 0x400410 <printf@plt>
0x0000000000400469 <+41>: xor %eax,%eax
0x000000000040046b <+43>: add $0x28,%rsp
0x000000000040046f <+47>: retq
End of assembler dump.
With <foo> := barrier():
(gdb) disassemble main
Dump of assembler code for function main:
[...]
0x0000000000400464 <+36>: callq 0x400410 <printf@plt>
0x0000000000400469 <+41>: movq $0x0,(%rsp)
0x0000000000400471 <+49>: movq $0x0,0x8(%rsp)
0x000000000040047a <+58>: movl $0x0,0x10(%rsp)
0x0000000000400482 <+66>: xor %eax,%eax
0x0000000000400484 <+68>: add $0x28,%rsp
0x0000000000400488 <+72>: retq
End of assembler dump.
As can be seen, movq, movq, movl are being emitted inlined
via memset().
Reference: http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.linux.kernel.cryptoapi/13764/
Fixes: d4c5efdb9777 ("random: add and use memzero_explicit() for clearing data")
Cc: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
Signed-off-by: mancha security <mancha1@zoho.com>
Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net>
Acked-by: Hannes Frederic Sowa <hannes@stressinduktion.org>
Acked-by: Stephan Mueller <smueller@chronox.de>
Signed-off-by: Herbert Xu <herbert@gondor.apana.org.au>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com>
|
|
[ Upstream commit d5e7cafd69da24e6d6cc988fab6ea313a2577efc ]
If the part of the compression data are corrupted, or the compression
data is totally fake, the memory access over the limit is possible.
This is the log from my system usning lz4 decompression.
[6502]data abort, halting
[6503]r0 0x00000000 r1 0x00000000 r2 0xdcea0ffc r3 0xdcea0ffc
[6509]r4 0xb9ab0bfd r5 0xdcea0ffc r6 0xdcea0ff8 r7 0xdce80000
[6515]r8 0x00000000 r9 0x00000000 r10 0x00000000 r11 0xb9a98000
[6522]r12 0xdcea1000 usp 0x00000000 ulr 0x00000000 pc 0x820149bc
[6528]spsr 0x400001f3
and the memory addresses of some variables at the moment are
ref:0xdcea0ffc, op:0xdcea0ffc, oend:0xdcea1000
As you can see, COPYLENGH is 8bytes, so @ref and @op can access the momory
over @oend.
Signed-off-by: JeHyeon Yeon <tom.yeon@windriver.com>
Reviewed-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com>
|
|
commit 9ce357795ef208faa0d59894d9d119a7434e37f3 upstream.
Fixed commit added from64to32 under _#ifndef do_csum_ but used it
under _#ifndef csum_tcpudp_nofold_, breaking some builds (Fengguang's
robot reported TILEGX's). Move from64to32 under the latter.
Fixes: 150ae0e94634 ("lib/checksum.c: fix carry in csum_tcpudp_nofold")
Reported-by: kbuild test robot <fengguang.wu@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Karl Beldan <karl.beldan@rivierawaves.com>
Cc: Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com>
Cc: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Guenter Roeck <linux@roeck-us.net>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
|
|
commit 150ae0e94634714b23919f0c333fee28a5b199d5 upstream.
The carry from the 64->32bits folding was dropped, e.g with:
saddr=0xFFFFFFFF daddr=0xFF0000FF len=0xFFFF proto=0 sum=1,
csum_tcpudp_nofold returned 0 instead of 1.
Signed-off-by: Karl Beldan <karl.beldan@rivierawaves.com>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@ZenIV.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Eric Dumazet <eric.dumazet@gmail.com>
Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Cc: Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
Cc: netdev@vger.kernel.org
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
|
|
commit b5c8afe5be51078a979d86ae5ae78c4ac948063d upstream.
"origPtr" is used as an offset into the bd->dbuf[] array. That array is
allocated in start_bunzip() and has "bd->dbufSize" number of elements so
the test here should be >= instead of >.
Later we check "origPtr" again before using it as an offset so I don't
know if this bug can be triggered in real life.
Fixes: bc22c17e12c1 ('bzip2/lzma: library support for gzip, bzip2 and lzma decompression')
Signed-off-by: Dan Carpenter <dan.carpenter@oracle.com>
Cc: Alain Knaff <alain@knaff.lu>
Cc: Yinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
|
|
Modules can use this function for creating pool.
Signed-off-by: Michal Simek <michal.simek@xilinx.com>
Acked-by: Lad, Prabhakar <prabhakar.csengg@gmail.com>
Cc: Laura Abbott <lauraa@codeaurora.org>
Cc: Olof Johansson <olof@lixom.net>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Cc: Vladimir Zapolskiy <vladimir_zapolskiy@mentor.com>
Cc: Philipp Zabel <p.zabel@pengutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
|
|
Minor fixlet to perform the reserved pages counter aggregation for each
node, at show_mem()
Signed-off-by: Rafael Aquini <aquini@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <jweiner@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Yasuaki Ishimatsu <isimatu.yasuaki@jp.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
|
|
Otherwise the exported symbols might be discarded because of no users
in vmlinux.
Reported-by: Jim Davis <jim.epost@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Hannes Frederic Sowa <hannes@stressinduktion.org>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
|
|
My editor spewed garbage that looked like memory corruption on
my screen. It turns out that a number of occurences of "fi" got
turned into a ligature.
This patch replaces these ligatures with the ASCII letters "fi".
Signed-off-by: Herbert Xu <herbert@gondor.apana.org.au>
Cheers,
Acked-by: Thomas Graf <tgraf@suug.ch>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
|
|
Merge misc fixes from Andrew Morton:
"21 fixes"
* emailed patches from Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>: (21 commits)
mm/balloon_compaction: fix deflation when compaction is disabled
sh: fix sh770x SCIF memory regions
zram: avoid NULL pointer access in concurrent situation
mm/slab_common: don't check for duplicate cache names
ocfs2: fix d_splice_alias() return code checking
mm: rmap: split out page_remove_file_rmap()
mm: memcontrol: fix missed end-writeback page accounting
mm: page-writeback: inline account_page_dirtied() into single caller
lib/bitmap.c: fix undefined shift in __bitmap_shift_{left|right}()
drivers/rtc/rtc-bq32k.c: fix register value
memory-hotplug: clear pgdat which is allocated by bootmem in try_offline_node()
drivers/rtc/rtc-s3c.c: fix initialization failure without rtc source clock
kernel/kmod: fix use-after-free of the sub_info structure
drivers/rtc/rtc-pm8xxx.c: rework to support pm8941 rtc
mm, thp: fix collapsing of hugepages on madvise
drivers: of: add return value to of_reserved_mem_device_init()
mm: free compound page with correct order
gcov: add ARM64 to GCOV_PROFILE_ALL
fsnotify: next_i is freed during fsnotify_unmount_inodes.
mm/compaction.c: avoid premature range skip in isolate_migratepages_range
...
|
|
If __bitmap_shift_left() or __bitmap_shift_right() are asked to shift by
a multiple of BITS_PER_LONG, they will try to shift a long value by
BITS_PER_LONG bits which is undefined. Change the functions to avoid
the undefined shift.
Coverity id: 1192175
Coverity id: 1192174
Signed-off-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Cc: Rasmus Villemoes <linux@rasmusvillemoes.dk>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
|
|
Pull block layer fixes from Jens Axboe:
"A small collection of fixes for the current kernel. This contains:
- Two error handling fixes from Jan Kara. One for null_blk on
failure to add a device, and the other for the block/scsi_ioctl
SCSI_IOCTL_SEND_COMMAND fixing up the error jump point.
- A commit added in the merge window for the bio integrity bits
unfortunately disabled merging for all requests if
CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INTEGRITY wasn't set. Reverse the logic, so that
integrity checking wont disallow merges when not enabled.
- A fix from Ming Lei for merging and generating too many segments.
This caused a BUG in virtio_blk.
- Two error handling printk() fixups from Robert Elliott, improving
the information given when we rate limit.
- Error handling fixup on elevator_init() failure from Sudip
Mukherjee.
- A fix from Tony Battersby, fixing up a memory leak in the
scatterlist handling with scsi-mq"
* 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.dk/linux-block:
block: Fix merge logic when CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INTEGRITY is not defined
lib/scatterlist: fix memory leak with scsi-mq
block: fix wrong error return in elevator_init()
scsi: Fix error handling in SCSI_IOCTL_SEND_COMMAND
null_blk: Cleanup error recovery in null_add_dev()
blk-merge: recaculate segment if it isn't less than max segments
fs: clarify rate limit suppressed buffer I/O errors
fs: merge I/O error prints into one line
|
|
Fix a memory leak with scsi-mq triggered by commands with large data
transfer length.
Fixes: c53c6d6a68b1 ("scatterlist: allow chaining to preallocated chunks")
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> # 3.17.x
Signed-off-by: Tony Battersby <tonyb@cybernetics.com>
Reviewed-by: Martin K. Petersen <martin.petersen@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@fb.com>
|