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2023-09-10Merge tag 'perf-tools-for-v6.6-1-2023-09-05' of ↵Linus Torvalds1-2/+12
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/perf/perf-tools Pull perf tools updates from Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo: "perf tools maintainership: - Add git information for perf-tools and perf-tools-next trees and branches to the MAINTAINERS file. That is where development now takes place and myself and Namhyung Kim have write access, more people to come as we emulate other maintainer groups. perf record: - Record kernel data maps when 'perf record --data' is used, so that global variables can be resolved and used in tools that do data profiling. perf trace: - Remove the old, experimental support for BPF events in which a .c file was passed as an event: "perf trace -e hello.c" to then get compiled and loaded. The only known usage for that, that shipped with the kernel as an example for such events, augmented the raw_syscalls tracepoints and was converted to a libbpf skeleton, reusing all the user space components and the BPF code connected to the syscalls. In the end just the way to glue the BPF part and the user space type beautifiers changed, now being performed by libbpf skeletons. The next step is to use BTF to do pretty printing of all syscall types, as discussed with Alan Maguire and others. Now, on a perf built with BUILD_BPF_SKEL=1 we get most if not all path/filenames/strings, some of the networking data structures, perf_event_attr, etc, i.e. systemwide tracing of nanosleep calls and perf_event_open syscalls while 'perf stat' runs 'sleep' for 5 seconds: # perf trace -a -e *nanosleep,perf* perf stat -e cycles,instructions sleep 5 0.000 ( 9.034 ms): perf/327641 perf_event_open(attr_uptr: { type: 0 (PERF_TYPE_HARDWARE), size: 136, config: 0 (PERF_COUNT_HW_CPU_CYCLES), sample_type: IDENTIFIER, read_format: TOTAL_TIME_ENABLED|TOTAL_TIME_RUNNING, disabled: 1, inherit: 1, enable_on_exec: 1, exclude_guest: 1 }, pid: 327642 (perf), cpu: -1, group_fd: -1, flags: FD_CLOEXEC) = 3 9.039 ( 0.006 ms): perf/327641 perf_event_open(attr_uptr: { type: 0 (PERF_TYPE_HARDWARE), size: 136, config: 0x1 (PERF_COUNT_HW_INSTRUCTIONS), sample_type: IDENTIFIER, read_format: TOTAL_TIME_ENABLED|TOTAL_TIME_RUNNING, disabled: 1, inherit: 1, enable_on_exec: 1, exclude_guest: 1 }, pid: 327642 (perf-exec), cpu: -1, group_fd: -1, flags: FD_CLOEXEC) = 4 ? ( ): gpm/991 ... [continued]: clock_nanosleep()) = 0 10.133 ( ): sleep/327642 clock_nanosleep(rqtp: { .tv_sec: 5, .tv_nsec: 0 }, rmtp: 0x7ffd36f83ed0) ... ? ( ): pool-gsd-smart/3051 ... [continued]: clock_nanosleep()) = 0 30.276 ( ): gpm/991 clock_nanosleep(rqtp: { .tv_sec: 2, .tv_nsec: 0 }, rmtp: 0x7ffcc6f73710) ... 223.215 (1000.430 ms): pool-gsd-smart/3051 clock_nanosleep(rqtp: { .tv_sec: 1, .tv_nsec: 0 }, rmtp: 0x7f6e7fffec90) = 0 30.276 (2000.394 ms): gpm/991 ... [continued]: clock_nanosleep()) = 0 1230.814 ( ): pool-gsd-smart/3051 clock_nanosleep(rqtp: { .tv_sec: 1, .tv_nsec: 0 }, rmtp: 0x7f6e7fffec90) ... 1230.814 (1000.404 ms): pool-gsd-smart/3051 ... [continued]: clock_nanosleep()) = 0 2030.886 ( ): gpm/991 clock_nanosleep(rqtp: { .tv_sec: 2, .tv_nsec: 0 }, rmtp: 0x7ffcc6f73710) ... 2237.709 (1000.153 ms): pool-gsd-smart/3051 clock_nanosleep(rqtp: { .tv_sec: 1, .tv_nsec: 0 }, rmtp: 0x7f6e7fffec90) = 0 ? ( ): crond/1172 ... [continued]: clock_nanosleep()) = 0 3242.699 ( ): pool-gsd-smart/3051 clock_nanosleep(rqtp: { .tv_sec: 1, .tv_nsec: 0 }, rmtp: 0x7f6e7fffec90) ... 2030.886 (2000.385 ms): gpm/991 ... [continued]: clock_nanosleep()) = 0 3728.078 ( ): crond/1172 clock_nanosleep(rqtp: { .tv_sec: 60, .tv_nsec: 0 }, rmtp: 0x7ffe0971dcf0) ... 3242.699 (1000.158 ms): pool-gsd-smart/3051 ... [continued]: clock_nanosleep()) = 0 4031.409 ( ): gpm/991 clock_nanosleep(rqtp: { .tv_sec: 2, .tv_nsec: 0 }, rmtp: 0x7ffcc6f73710) ... 10.133 (5000.375 ms): sleep/327642 ... [continued]: clock_nanosleep()) = 0 Performance counter stats for 'sleep 5': 2,617,347 cycles 1,855,997 instructions # 0.71 insn per cycle 5.002282128 seconds time elapsed 0.000855000 seconds user 0.000852000 seconds sys perf annotate: - Building with binutils' libopcode now is opt-in (BUILD_NONDISTRO=1) for licensing reasons, and we missed a build test on tools/perf/tests makefile. Since we now default to NDEBUG=1, we ended up segfaulting when building with BUILD_NONDISTRO=1 because a needed initialization routine was being "error checked" via an assert. Fix it by explicitly checking the result and aborting instead if it fails. We better back propagate the error, but at least 'perf annotate' on samples collected for a BPF program is back working when perf is built with BUILD_NONDISTRO=1. perf report/top: - Add back TUI hierarchy mode header, that is seen when using 'perf report/top --hierarchy'. - Fix the number of entries for 'e' key in the TUI that was preventing navigation of lines when expanding an entry. perf report/script: - Support cross platform register handling, allowing a perf.data file collected on one architecture to have registers sampled correctly displayed when analysis tools such as 'perf report' and 'perf script' are used on a different architecture. - Fix handling of event attributes in pipe mode, i.e. when one uses: perf record -o - | perf report -i - When no perf.data files are used. - Handle files generated via pipe mode with a version of perf and then read also via pipe mode with a different version of perf, where the event attr record may have changed, use the record size field to properly support this version mismatch. perf probe: - Accessing global variables from uprobes isn't supported, make the error message state that instead of stating that some minimal kernel version is needed to have that feature. This seems just a tool limitation, the kernel probably has all that is needed. perf tests: - Fix a reference count related leak in the dlfilter v0 API where the result of a thread__find_symbol_fb() is not matched with an addr_location__exit() to drop the reference counts of the resolved components (machine, thread, map, symbol, etc). Add a dlfilter test to make sure that doesn't regresses. - Lots of fixes for the 'perf test' written in shell script related to problems found with the shellcheck utility. - Fixes for 'perf test' shell scripts testing features enabled when perf is built with BUILD_BPF_SKEL=1, such as 'perf stat' bpf counters. - Add perf record sample filtering test, things like the following example, that gets implemented as a BPF filter attached to the event: # perf record -e task-clock -c 10000 --filter 'ip < 0xffffffff00000000' - Improve the way the task_analyzer test checks if libtraceevent is linked, using 'perf version --build-options' instead of the more expensinve 'perf record -e "sched:sched_switch"'. - Add support for riscv in the mmap-basic test. (This went as well via the RiscV tree, same contents). libperf: - Implement riscv mmap support (This went as well via the RiscV tree, same contents). perf script: - New tool that converts perf.data files to the firefox profiler format so that one can use the visualizer at https://profiler.firefox.com/. Done by Anup Sharma as part of this year's Google Summer of Code. One can generate the output and upload it to the web interface but Anup also automated everything: perf script gecko -F 99 -a sleep 60 - Support syscall name parsing on arm64. - Print "cgroup" field on the same line as "comm". perf bench: - Add new 'uprobe' benchmark to measure the overhead of uprobes with/without BPF programs attached to it. - breakpoints are not available on power9, skip that test. perf stat: - Add #num_cpus_online literal to be used in 'perf stat' metrics, and add this extra 'perf test' check that exemplifies its purpose: TEST_ASSERT_VAL("#num_cpus_online", expr__parse(&num_cpus_online, ctx, "#num_cpus_online") == 0); TEST_ASSERT_VAL("#num_cpus", expr__parse(&num_cpus, ctx, "#num_cpus") == 0); TEST_ASSERT_VAL("#num_cpus >= #num_cpus_online", num_cpus >= num_cpus_online); Miscellaneous: - Improve tool startup time by lazily reading PMU, JSON, sysfs data. - Improve error reporting in the parsing of events, passing YYLTYPE to error routines, so that the output can show were the parsing error was found. - Add 'perf test' entries to check the parsing of events improvements. - Fix various leak for things detected by -fsanitize=address, mostly things that would be freed at tool exit, including: - Free evsel->filter on the destructor. - Allow tools to register a thread->priv destructor and use it in 'perf trace'. - Free evsel->priv in 'perf trace'. - Free string returned by synthesize_perf_probe_point() when the caller fails to do all it needs. - Adjust various compiler options to not consider errors some warnings when building with broken headers found in things like python, flex, bison, as we otherwise build with -Werror. Some for gcc, some for clang, some for some specific version of those, some for some specific version of flex or bison, or some specific combination of these components, bah. - Allow customization of clang options for BPF target, this helps building on gentoo where there are other oddities where BPF targets gets passed some compiler options intended for the native build, so building with WERROR=0 helps while these oddities are fixed. - Dont pass ERR_PTR() values to perf_session__delete() in 'perf top' and 'perf lock', fixing some segfaults when handling some odd failures. - Add LTO build option. - Fix format of unordered lists in the perf docs (tools/perf/Documentation) - Overhaul the bison files, using constructs such as YYNOMEM. - Remove unused tokens from the bison .y files. - Add more comments to various structs. - A few LoongArch enablement patches. Vendor events (JSON): - Add JSON metrics for Yitian 710 DDR (aarch64). Things like: EventName, BriefDescription visible_window_limit_reached_rd, "At least one entry in read queue reaches the visible window limit.", visible_window_limit_reached_wr, "At least one entry in write queue reaches the visible window limit.", op_is_dqsosc_mpc , "A DQS Oscillator MPC command to DRAM.", op_is_dqsosc_mrr , "A DQS Oscillator MRR command to DRAM.", op_is_tcr_mrr , "A Temperature Compensated Refresh(TCR) MRR command to DRAM.", - Add AmpereOne metrics (aarch64). - Update N2 and V2 metrics (aarch64) and events using Arm telemetry repo. - Update scale units and descriptions of common topdown metrics on aarch64. Things like: - "MetricExpr": "stall_slot_frontend / (#slots * cpu_cycles)", - "BriefDescription": "Frontend bound L1 topdown metric", + "MetricExpr": "100 * (stall_slot_frontend / (#slots * cpu_cycles))", + "BriefDescription": "This metric is the percentage of total slots that were stalled due to resource constraints in the frontend of the processor.", - Update events for intel: meteorlake to 1.04, sapphirerapids to 1.15, Icelake+ metric constraints. - Update files for the power10 platform" * tag 'perf-tools-for-v6.6-1-2023-09-05' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/perf/perf-tools: (217 commits) perf parse-events: Fix driver config term perf parse-events: Fixes relating to no_value terms perf parse-events: Fix propagation of term's no_value when cloning perf parse-events: Name the two term enums perf list: Don't print Unit for "default_core" perf vendor events intel: Fix modifier in tma_info_system_mem_parallel_reads for skylake perf dlfilter: Avoid leak in v0 API test use of resolve_address() perf metric: Add #num_cpus_online literal perf pmu: Remove str from perf_pmu_alias perf parse-events: Make common term list to strbuf helper perf parse-events: Minor help message improvements perf pmu: Avoid uninitialized use of alias->str perf jevents: Use "default_core" for events with no Unit perf test stat_bpf_counters_cgrp: Enhance perf stat cgroup BPF counter test perf test shell stat_bpf_counters: Fix test on Intel perf test shell record_bpf_filter: Skip 6.2 kernel libperf: Get rid of attr.id field perf tools: Convert to perf_record_header_attr_id() libperf: Add perf_record_header_attr_id() perf tools: Handle old data in PERF_RECORD_ATTR ...
2023-09-01Merge tag 'riscv-for-linus-6.6-mw1' of ↵Linus Torvalds1-0/+66
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/riscv/linux Pull RISC-V updates from Palmer Dabbelt: - Support for the new "riscv,isa-extensions" and "riscv,isa-base" device tree interfaces for probing extensions - Support for userspace access to the performance counters - Support for more instructions in kprobes - Crash kernels can be allocated above 4GiB - Support for KCFI - Support for ELFs in !MMU configurations - ARCH_KMALLOC_MINALIGN has been reduced to 8 - mmap() defaults to sv48-sized addresses, with longer addresses hidden behind a hint (similar to Arm and Intel) - Also various fixes and cleanups * tag 'riscv-for-linus-6.6-mw1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/riscv/linux: (51 commits) lib/Kconfig.debug: Restrict DEBUG_INFO_SPLIT for RISC-V riscv: support PREEMPT_DYNAMIC with static keys riscv: Move create_tmp_mapping() to init sections riscv: Mark KASAN tmp* page tables variables as static riscv: mm: use bitmap_zero() API riscv: enable DEBUG_FORCE_FUNCTION_ALIGN_64B riscv: remove redundant mv instructions RISC-V: mm: Document mmap changes RISC-V: mm: Update pgtable comment documentation RISC-V: mm: Add tests for RISC-V mm RISC-V: mm: Restrict address space for sv39,sv48,sv57 riscv: enable DMA_BOUNCE_UNALIGNED_KMALLOC for !dma_coherent riscv: allow kmalloc() caches aligned to the smallest value riscv: support the elf-fdpic binfmt loader binfmt_elf_fdpic: support 64-bit systems riscv: Allow CONFIG_CFI_CLANG to be selected riscv/purgatory: Disable CFI riscv: Add CFI error handling riscv: Add ftrace_stub_graph riscv: Add types to indirectly called assembly functions ...
2023-08-29libperf: Get rid of attr.id fieldNamhyung Kim1-1/+7
Now there's no in-tree user of the field. To remove the possible bug later, let's get rid of the 'id' field and add a comment for that. Signed-off-by: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@kernel.org> Cc: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com> Cc: Ian Rogers <irogers@google.com> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org> Cc: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@kernel.org> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230825152552.112913-4-namhyung@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
2023-08-29libperf: Add perf_record_header_attr_id()Namhyung Kim1-0/+4
The HEADER_ATTR record has an event attr followed by the id array. But perf data from a different version could have different size of attr. So it cannot just use event->attr.id to access the array. Let's add the perf_record_header_attr_id() macro to calculate the start of the array. Signed-off-by: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@kernel.org> Cc: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com> Cc: Ian Rogers <irogers@google.com> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org> Cc: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@kernel.org> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230825152552.112913-2-namhyung@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
2023-08-24libbpf: fix signedness determination in CO-RE relo handling logicAndrii Nakryiko1-1/+1
Extracting btf_int_encoding() is only meaningful for BTF_KIND_INT, so we need to check that first before inferring signedness. Closes: https://github.com/libbpf/libbpf/issues/704 Reported-by: Lorenz Bauer <lmb@isovalent.com> Signed-off-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andrii@kernel.org> Acked-by: Yonghong Song <yonghong.song@linux.dev> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230824000016.2658017-2-andrii@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Martin KaFai Lau <martin.lau@kernel.org>
2023-08-24libbpf: Add bpf_object__unpin()Daniel Xu3-0/+17
For bpf_object__pin_programs() there is bpf_object__unpin_programs(). Likewise bpf_object__unpin_maps() for bpf_object__pin_maps(). But no bpf_object__unpin() for bpf_object__pin(). Adding the former adds symmetry to the API. It's also convenient for cleanup in application code. It's an API I would've used if it was available for a repro I was writing earlier. Signed-off-by: Daniel Xu <dxu@dxuuu.xyz> Signed-off-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andrii@kernel.org> Reviewed-by: Song Liu <song@kernel.org> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/b2f9d41da4a350281a0b53a804d11b68327e14e5.1692832478.git.dxu@dxuuu.xyz
2023-08-23libbpf: Free btf_vmlinux when closing bpf_objectHao Luo1-0/+1
I hit a memory leak when testing bpf_program__set_attach_target(). Basically, set_attach_target() may allocate btf_vmlinux, for example, when setting attach target for bpf_iter programs. But btf_vmlinux is freed only in bpf_object_load(), which means if we only open bpf object but not load it, setting attach target may leak btf_vmlinux. So let's free btf_vmlinux in bpf_object__close() anyway. Signed-off-by: Hao Luo <haoluo@google.com> Signed-off-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andrii@kernel.org> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20230822193840.1509809-1-haoluo@google.com
2023-08-22libbpf: Add uprobe multi link support to bpf_program__attach_usdtJiri Olsa2-17/+82
Adding support for usdt_manager_attach_usdt to use uprobe_multi link to attach to usdt probes. The uprobe_multi support is detected before the usdt program is loaded and its expected_attach_type is set accordingly. If uprobe_multi support is detected the usdt_manager_attach_usdt gathers uprobes info and calls bpf_program__attach_uprobe to create all needed uprobes. If uprobe_multi support is not detected the old behaviour stays. Also adding usdt.s program section for sleepable usdt probes. Signed-off-by: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@kernel.org> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230809083440.3209381-18-jolsa@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
2023-08-22libbpf: Add uprobe multi link detectionJiri Olsa2-0/+38
Adding uprobe-multi link detection. It will be used later in bpf_program__attach_usdt function to check and use uprobe_multi link over standard uprobe links. Signed-off-by: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@kernel.org> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230809083440.3209381-17-jolsa@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
2023-08-22libbpf: Add support for u[ret]probe.multi[.s] program sectionsJiri Olsa1-0/+36
Adding support for several uprobe_multi program sections to allow auto attach of multi_uprobe programs. Acked-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andrii@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@kernel.org> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230809083440.3209381-16-jolsa@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
2023-08-22libbpf: Add bpf_program__attach_uprobe_multi functionJiri Olsa3-0/+166
Adding bpf_program__attach_uprobe_multi function that allows to attach multiple uprobes with uprobe_multi link. The user can specify uprobes with direct arguments: binary_path/func_pattern/pid or with struct bpf_uprobe_multi_opts opts argument fields: const char **syms; const unsigned long *offsets; const unsigned long *ref_ctr_offsets; const __u64 *cookies; User can specify 2 mutually exclusive set of inputs: 1) use only path/func_pattern/pid arguments 2) use path/pid with allowed combinations of: syms/offsets/ref_ctr_offsets/cookies/cnt - syms and offsets are mutually exclusive - ref_ctr_offsets and cookies are optional Any other usage results in error. Signed-off-by: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@kernel.org> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230809083440.3209381-15-jolsa@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
2023-08-22libbpf: Add bpf_link_create support for multi uprobesJiri Olsa2-1/+21
Adding new uprobe_multi struct to bpf_link_create_opts object to pass multiple uprobe data to link_create attr uapi. Acked-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andrii@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@kernel.org> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230809083440.3209381-14-jolsa@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
2023-08-22libbpf: Add elf_resolve_pattern_offsets functionJiri Olsa3-1/+67
Adding elf_resolve_pattern_offsets function that looks up offsets for symbols specified by pattern argument. The 'pattern' argument allows wildcards (*?' supported). Offsets are returned in allocated array together with its size and needs to be released by the caller. Signed-off-by: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@kernel.org> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230809083440.3209381-13-jolsa@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
2023-08-22libbpf: Add elf_resolve_syms_offsets functionJiri Olsa2-0/+112
Adding elf_resolve_syms_offsets function that looks up offsets for symbols specified in syms array argument. Offsets are returned in allocated array with the 'cnt' size, that needs to be released by the caller. Signed-off-by: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@kernel.org> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230809083440.3209381-12-jolsa@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
2023-08-22libbpf: Add elf symbol iteratorJiri Olsa1-64/+115
Adding elf symbol iterator object (and some functions) that follow open-coded iterator pattern and some functions to ease up iterating elf object symbols. The idea is to iterate single symbol section with: struct elf_sym_iter iter; struct elf_sym *sym; if (elf_sym_iter_new(&iter, elf, binary_path, SHT_DYNSYM)) goto error; while ((sym = elf_sym_iter_next(&iter))) { ... } I considered opening the elf inside the iterator and iterate all symbol sections, but then it gets more complicated wrt user checks for when the next section is processed. Plus side is the we don't need 'exit' function, because caller/user is in charge of that. The returned iterated symbol object from elf_sym_iter_next function is placed inside the struct elf_sym_iter, so no extra allocation or argument is needed. Suggested-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andrii@kernel.org> Acked-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andrii@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@kernel.org> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230809083440.3209381-11-jolsa@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
2023-08-22libbpf: Add elf_open/elf_close functionsJiri Olsa3-42/+57
Adding elf_open/elf_close functions and using it in elf_find_func_offset_from_file function. It will be used in following changes to save some common code. Acked-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andrii@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@kernel.org> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230809083440.3209381-10-jolsa@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
2023-08-22libbpf: Move elf_find_func_offset* functions to elf objectJiri Olsa4-186/+202
Adding new elf object that will contain elf related functions. There's no functional change. Suggested-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andrii@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@kernel.org> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230809083440.3209381-9-jolsa@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
2023-08-22libbpf: Add uprobe_multi attach type and link namesJiri Olsa1-0/+2
Adding new uprobe_multi attach type and link names, so the functions can resolve the new values. Acked-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andrii@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@kernel.org> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230809083440.3209381-8-jolsa@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
2023-08-18libbpf: Support triple-underscore flavors for kfunc relocationDave Marchevsky1-1/+19
The function signature of kfuncs can change at any time due to their intentional lack of stability guarantees. As kfuncs become more widely used, BPF program writers will need facilities to support calling different versions of a kfunc from a single BPF object. Consider this simplified example based on a real scenario we ran into at Meta: /* initial kfunc signature */ int some_kfunc(void *ptr) /* Oops, we need to add some flag to modify behavior. No problem, change the kfunc. flags = 0 retains original behavior */ int some_kfunc(void *ptr, long flags) If the initial version of the kfunc is deployed on some portion of the fleet and the new version on the rest, a fleetwide service that uses some_kfunc will currently need to load different BPF programs depending on which some_kfunc is available. Luckily CO-RE provides a facility to solve a very similar problem, struct definition changes, by allowing program writers to declare my_struct___old and my_struct___new, with ___suffix being considered a 'flavor' of the non-suffixed name and being ignored by bpf_core_type_exists and similar calls. This patch extends the 'flavor' facility to the kfunc extern relocation process. BPF program writers can now declare extern int some_kfunc___old(void *ptr) extern int some_kfunc___new(void *ptr, int flags) then test which version of the kfunc exists with bpf_ksym_exists. Relocation and verifier's dead code elimination will work in concert as expected, allowing this pattern: if (bpf_ksym_exists(some_kfunc___old)) some_kfunc___old(ptr); else some_kfunc___new(ptr, 0); Signed-off-by: Dave Marchevsky <davemarchevsky@fb.com> Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net> Acked-by: David Vernet <void@manifault.com> Acked-by: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@kernel.org> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20230817225353.2570845-1-davemarchevsky@fb.com
2023-08-16tools: lib: perf: Implement riscv mmap supportAlexandre Ghiti1-0/+66
riscv now supports mmaping hardware counters so add what's needed to take advantage of that in libperf. Signed-off-by: Alexandre Ghiti <alexghiti@rivosinc.com> Reviewed-by: Andrew Jones <ajones@ventanamicro.com> Reviewed-by: Atish Patra <atishp@rivosinc.com> Reviewed-by: Ian Rogers <irogers@google.com>
2023-08-16libperf: Implement riscv mmap supportAlexandre Ghiti1-0/+66
riscv now supports mmaping hardware counters so add what's needed to take advantage of that in libperf. Reviewed-by: Andrew Jones <ajones@ventanamicro.com> Reviewed-by: Atish Patra <atishp@rivosinc.com> Reviewed-by: Ian Rogers <irogers@google.com> Signed-off-by: Alexandre Ghiti <alexghiti@rivosinc.com> Cc: Albert Ou <aou@eecs.berkeley.edu> Cc: Alexander Shishkin <alexander.shishkin@linux.intel.com> Cc: Anup Patel <anup@brainfault.org> Cc: Atish Patra <atishp@atishpatra.org> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com> Cc: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@kernel.org> Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net> Cc: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com> Cc: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@kernel.org> Cc: Palmer Dabbelt <palmer@dabbelt.com> Cc: Paul Walmsley <paul.walmsley@sifive.com> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Cc: Rob Herring <robh@kernel.org> Cc: Rémi Denis-Courmont <remi@remlab.net> Cc: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org> Cc: linux-arm-kernel@lists.infradead.org Cc: linux-doc@vger.kernel.org Cc: linux-riscv@lists.infradead.org Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230802080328.1213905-10-alexghiti@rivosinc.com Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
2023-08-14libbpf: Set close-on-exec flag on gzopenMarco Vedovati1-2/+2
Enable the close-on-exec flag when using gzopen. This is especially important for multithreaded programs making use of libbpf, where a fork + exec could race with libbpf library calls, potentially resulting in a file descriptor leaked to the new process. This got missed in 59842c5451fe ("libbpf: Ensure libbpf always opens files with O_CLOEXEC"). Fixes: 59842c5451fe ("libbpf: Ensure libbpf always opens files with O_CLOEXEC") Signed-off-by: Marco Vedovati <marco.vedovati@crowdstrike.com> Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20230810214350.106301-1-martin.kelly@crowdstrike.com
2023-08-05libbpf: Use local includes inside the librarySergey Kacheev2-3/+3
In our monrepo, we try to minimize special processing when importing (aka vendor) third-party source code. Ideally, we try to import directly from the repositories with the code without changing it, we try to stick to the source code dependency instead of the artifact dependency. In the current situation, a patch has to be made for libbpf to fix the includes in bpf headers so that they work directly from libbpf/src. Signed-off-by: Sergey Kacheev <s.kacheev@gmail.com> Acked-by: Yonghong Song <yonghong.song@linux.dev> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/CAJVhQqUg6OKq6CpVJP5ng04Dg+z=igevPpmuxTqhsR3dKvd9+Q@mail.gmail.com Signed-off-by: Martin KaFai Lau <martin.lau@kernel.org>
2023-08-02libbpf: fix typos in MakefileRandy Dunlap1-2/+2
Capitalize ABI (acronym) and fix spelling of "destination". Fixes: 706819495921 ("libbpf: Improve usability of libbpf Makefile") Signed-off-by: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org> Cc: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org> Cc: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net> Cc: Andrii Nakryiko <andrii@kernel.org> Cc: bpf@vger.kernel.org Cc: Xin Liu <liuxin350@huawei.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230722065236.17010-1-rdunlap@infradead.org Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
2023-07-21Merge git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/netdev/netJakub Kicinski1-6/+12
Cross-merge networking fixes after downstream PR. No conflicts or adjacent changes. Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
2023-07-19libbpf: Add helper macro to clear opts structsDaniel Borkmann1-0/+16
Add a small and generic LIBBPF_OPTS_RESET() helper macros which clears an opts structure and reinitializes its .sz member to place the structure size. Additionally, the user can pass option-specific data to reinitialize via varargs. I found this very useful when developing selftests, but it is also generic enough as a macro next to the existing LIBBPF_OPTS() which hides the .sz initialization, too. Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230719140858.13224-6-daniel@iogearbox.net Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
2023-07-19libbpf: Add link-based API for tcxDaniel Borkmann5-11/+88
Implement tcx BPF link support for libbpf. The bpf_program__attach_fd() API has been refactored slightly in order to pass bpf_link_create_opts pointer as input. A new bpf_program__attach_tcx() has been added on top of this which allows for passing all relevant data via extensible struct bpf_tcx_opts. The program sections tcx/ingress and tcx/egress correspond to the hook locations for tc ingress and egress, respectively. For concrete usage examples, see the extensive selftests that have been developed as part of this series. Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net> Acked-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andrii@kernel.org> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230719140858.13224-5-daniel@iogearbox.net Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
2023-07-19libbpf: Add opts-based attach/detach/query API for tcxDaniel Borkmann4-53/+159
Extend libbpf attach opts and add a new detach opts API so this can be used to add/remove fd-based tcx BPF programs. The old-style bpf_prog_detach() and bpf_prog_detach2() APIs are refactored to reuse the new bpf_prog_detach_opts() internally. The bpf_prog_query_opts() API got extended to be able to handle the new link_ids, link_attach_flags and revision fields. For concrete usage examples, see the extensive selftests that have been developed as part of this series. Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net> Acked-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andrii@kernel.org> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230719140858.13224-4-daniel@iogearbox.net Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
2023-07-19xsk: add new netlink attribute dedicated for ZC max fragsMaciej Fijalkowski2-1/+7
Introduce new netlink attribute NETDEV_A_DEV_XDP_ZC_MAX_SEGS that will carry maximum fragments that underlying ZC driver is able to handle on TX side. It is going to be included in netlink response only when driver supports ZC. Any value higher than 1 implies multi-buffer ZC support on underlying device. Signed-off-by: Maciej Fijalkowski <maciej.fijalkowski@intel.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230719132421.584801-11-maciej.fijalkowski@intel.com Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
2023-07-14Merge tag 'for-netdev' of ↵Jakub Kicinski7-35/+268
https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/bpf/bpf-next Alexei Starovoitov says: ==================== pull-request: bpf-next 2023-07-13 We've added 67 non-merge commits during the last 15 day(s) which contain a total of 106 files changed, 4444 insertions(+), 619 deletions(-). The main changes are: 1) Fix bpftool build in presence of stale vmlinux.h, from Alexander Lobakin. 2) Introduce bpf_me_mcache_free_rcu() and fix OOM under stress, from Alexei Starovoitov. 3) Teach verifier actual bounds of bpf_get_smp_processor_id() and fix perf+libbpf issue related to custom section handling, from Andrii Nakryiko. 4) Introduce bpf map element count, from Anton Protopopov. 5) Check skb ownership against full socket, from Kui-Feng Lee. 6) Support for up to 12 arguments in BPF trampoline, from Menglong Dong. 7) Export rcu_request_urgent_qs_task, from Paul E. McKenney. 8) Fix BTF walking of unions, from Yafang Shao. 9) Extend link_info for kprobe_multi and perf_event links, from Yafang Shao. * tag 'for-netdev' of https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/bpf/bpf-next: (67 commits) selftests/bpf: Add selftest for PTR_UNTRUSTED bpf: Fix an error in verifying a field in a union selftests/bpf: Add selftests for nested_trust bpf: Fix an error around PTR_UNTRUSTED selftests/bpf: add testcase for TRACING with 6+ arguments bpf, x86: allow function arguments up to 12 for TRACING bpf, x86: save/restore regs with BPF_DW size bpftool: Use "fallthrough;" keyword instead of comments bpf: Add object leak check. bpf: Convert bpf_cpumask to bpf_mem_cache_free_rcu. bpf: Introduce bpf_mem_free_rcu() similar to kfree_rcu(). selftests/bpf: Improve test coverage of bpf_mem_alloc. rcu: Export rcu_request_urgent_qs_task() bpf: Allow reuse from waiting_for_gp_ttrace list. bpf: Add a hint to allocated objects. bpf: Change bpf_mem_cache draining process. bpf: Further refactor alloc_bulk(). bpf: Factor out inc/dec of active flag into helpers. bpf: Refactor alloc_bulk(). bpf: Let free_all() return the number of freed elements. ... ==================== Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230714020910.80794-1-alexei.starovoitov@gmail.com Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
2023-07-11libsubcmd: Avoid SEGV/use-after-free when commands aren't excludedIan Rogers1-6/+12
The array shortening may perform unnecessary array copies. Before commit 657a3efee43a ("lib subcmd: Avoid memory leak in exclude_cmds") this was benign, but afterwards this could lead to a SEGV. Fixes: 657a3efee43a29d1 ("lib subcmd: Avoid memory leak in exclude_cmds") Signed-off-by: Ian Rogers <irogers@google.com> Acked-by: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@kernel.org> Cc: Chenyuan Mi <cymi20@fudan.edu.cn> Cc: Ian Rogers <irogers@google.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230707230926.841086-1-irogers@google.com Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
2023-07-11libbpf: Remove HASHMAP_INIT static initialization helperJohn Sanpe1-10/+0
Remove the wrong HASHMAP_INIT. It's not used anywhere in libbpf. Signed-off-by: John Sanpe <sanpeqf@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andrii@kernel.org> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20230711070712.2064144-1-sanpeqf@gmail.com
2023-07-11libbpf: Fix realloc API handling in zero-sized edge casesAndrii Nakryiko2-4/+16
realloc() and reallocarray() can either return NULL or a special non-NULL pointer, if their size argument is zero. This requires a bit more care to handle NULL-as-valid-result situation differently from NULL-as-error case. This has caused real issues before ([0]), and just recently bit again in production when performing bpf_program__attach_usdt(). This patch fixes 4 places that do or potentially could suffer from this mishandling of NULL, including the reported USDT-related one. There are many other places where realloc()/reallocarray() is used and NULL is always treated as an error value, but all those have guarantees that their size is always non-zero, so those spot don't need any extra handling. [0] d08ab82f59d5 ("libbpf: Fix double-free when linker processes empty sections") Fixes: 999783c8bbda ("libbpf: Wire up spec management and other arch-independent USDT logic") Fixes: b63b3c490eee ("libbpf: Add bpf_program__set_insns function") Fixes: 697f104db8a6 ("libbpf: Support custom SEC() handlers") Fixes: b12688267280 ("libbpf: Change the order of data and text relocations.") Signed-off-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andrii@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20230711024150.1566433-1-andrii@kernel.org
2023-07-09libbpf: only reset sec_def handler when necessaryAndrii Nakryiko1-8/+19
Don't reset recorded sec_def handler unconditionally on bpf_program__set_type(). There are two situations where this is wrong. First, if the program type didn't actually change. In that case original SEC handler should work just fine. Second, catch-all custom SEC handler is supposed to work with any BPF program type and SEC() annotation, so it also doesn't make sense to reset that. This patch fixes both issues. This was reported recently in the context of breaking perf tool, which uses custom catch-all handler for fancy BPF prologue generation logic. This patch should fix the issue. [0] https://lore.kernel.org/linux-perf-users/ab865e6d-06c5-078e-e404-7f90686db50d@amd.com/ Fixes: d6e6286a12e7 ("libbpf: disassociate section handler on explicit bpf_program__set_type() call") Reported-by: Ravi Bangoria <ravi.bangoria@amd.com> Signed-off-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andrii@kernel.org> Acked-by: Stanislav Fomichev <sdf@google.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230707231156.1711948-1-andrii@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
2023-07-07libbpf: Use available_filter_functions_addrs with multi-kprobesJackie Liu1-1/+61
Now that kernel provides a new available_filter_functions_addrs file which can help us avoid the need to cross-validate available_filter_functions and kallsyms, we can improve efficiency of multi-attach kprobes. For example, on my device, the sample program [1] of start time: $ sudo ./funccount "tcp_*" before after 1.2s 1.0s [1]: https://github.com/JackieLiu1/ketones/tree/master/src/funccount Signed-off-by: Jackie Liu <liuyun01@kylinos.cn> Signed-off-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andrii@kernel.org> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20230705091209.3803873-2-liu.yun@linux.dev
2023-07-07libbpf: Cross-join available_filter_functions and kallsyms for multi-kprobesJackie Liu1-13/+97
When using regular expression matching with "kprobe multi", it scans all the functions under "/proc/kallsyms" that can be matched. However, not all of them can be traced by kprobe.multi. If any one of the functions fails to be traced, it will result in the failure of all functions. The best approach is to filter out the functions that cannot be traced to ensure proper tracking of the functions. Closes: https://lore.kernel.org/oe-kbuild-all/202307030355.TdXOHklM-lkp@intel.com/ Reported-by: kernel test robot <lkp@intel.com> Suggested-by: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@kernel.org> Suggested-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andrii.nakryiko@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Jackie Liu <liuyun01@kylinos.cn> Signed-off-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andrii@kernel.org> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20230705091209.3803873-1-liu.yun@linux.dev
2023-06-30libbpf: Add netfilter link attach helperFlorian Westphal5-0/+72
Add new api function: bpf_program__attach_netfilter. It takes a bpf program (netfilter type), and a pointer to a option struct that contains the desired attachment (protocol family, priority, hook location, ...). It returns a pointer to a 'bpf_link' structure or NULL on error. Next patch adds new netfilter_basic test that uses this function to attach a program to a few pf/hook/priority combinations. v2: change name and use bpf_link_create. Suggested-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andrii.nakryiko@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Florian Westphal <fw@strlen.de> Signed-off-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andrii@kernel.org> Reviewed-by: Toke Høiland-Jørgensen <toke@redhat.com> Acked-by: Daniel Xu <dxu@dxuuu.xyz> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/CAEf4BzZrmUv27AJp0dDxBDMY_B8e55-wLs8DUKK69vCWsCG_pQ@mail.gmail.com/ Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/CAEf4BzZ69YgrQW7DHCJUT_X+GqMq_ZQQPBwopaJJVGFD5=d5Vg@mail.gmail.com/ Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20230628152738.22765-2-fw@strlen.de
2023-06-30libbpf: Skip modules BTF loading when CAP_SYS_ADMIN is missingAndrea Terzolo1-0/+4
If during CO-RE relocations libbpf is not able to find the target type in the running kernel BTF, it searches for it in modules' BTF. The downside of this approach is that loading modules' BTF requires CAP_SYS_ADMIN and this prevents BPF applications from running with more granular capabilities (e.g. CAP_BPF) when they don't need to search types into modules' BTF. This patch skips by default modules' BTF loading phase when CAP_SYS_ADMIN is missing. Suggested-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andrii@kernel.org> Co-developed-by: Federico Di Pierro <nierro92@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Federico Di Pierro <nierro92@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Andrea Terzolo <andreaterzolo3@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andrii@kernel.org> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/CAGQdkDvYU_e=_NX+6DRkL_-TeH3p+QtsdZwHkmH0w3Fuzw0C4w@mail.gmail.com Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20230626093614.21270-1-andreaterzolo3@gmail.com
2023-06-30Merge tag 'perf-tools-for-v6.5-1-2023-06-28' of ↵Linus Torvalds11-195/+325
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/perf/perf-tools-next Pull perf tools updates from Namhyung Kim: "Internal cleanup: - Refactor PMU data management to handle hybrid systems in a generic way. Do more work in the lexer so that legacy event types parse more easily. A side-effect of this is that if a PMU is specified, scanning sysfs is avoided improving start-up time. - Fix hybrid metrics, for example, the TopdownL1 works for both performance and efficiency cores on Intel machines. To support this, sort and regroup events after parsing. - Add reference count checking for the 'thread' data structure. - Lots of fixes for memory leaks in various places thanks to the ASAN and Ian's refcount checker. - Reduce the binary size by replacing static variables with local or dynamically allocated memory. - Introduce shared_mutex for annotate data to reduce memory footprint. - Make filesystem access library functions more thread safe. Test: - Organize cpu_map tests into a single suite. - Add metric value validation test to check if the values are within correct value ranges. - Add perf stat stdio output test to check if event and metric names match. - Add perf data converter JSON output test. - Fix a lot of issues reported by shellcheck(1). This is a preparation to enable shellcheck by default. - Make the large x86 new instructions test optional at build time using EXTRA_TESTS=1. - Add a test for libpfm4 events. perf script: - Add 'dsoff' outpuf field to display offset from the DSO. $ perf script -F comm,pid,event,ip,dsoff ls 2695501 cycles: 152cc73ef4b5 (/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/ld-2.31.so+0x1c4b5) ls 2695501 cycles: ffffffff99045b3e ([kernel.kallsyms]) ls 2695501 cycles: ffffffff9968e107 ([kernel.kallsyms]) ls 2695501 cycles: ffffffffc1f54afb ([kernel.kallsyms]) ls 2695501 cycles: ffffffff9968382f ([kernel.kallsyms]) ls 2695501 cycles: ffffffff99e00094 ([kernel.kallsyms]) ls 2695501 cycles: 152cc718a8d0 (/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libselinux.so.1+0x68d0) ls 2695501 cycles: ffffffff992a6db0 ([kernel.kallsyms]) - Adjust width for large PID/TID values. perf report: - Robustify reading addr2line output for srcline by checking sentinel output before the actual data and by using timeout of 1 second. - Allow config terms (like 'name=ABC') with breakpoint events. $ perf record -e mem:0x55feb98dd169:x/name=breakpoint/ -p 19646 -- sleep 1 perf annotate: - Handle x86 instruction suffix like 'l' in 'movl' generally. - Parse instruction operands properly even with a whitespace. This is needed for llvm-objdump output. - Support RISC-V binutils lookup using the triplet prefixes. - Add '<' and '>' key to navigate to prev/next symbols in TUI. - Fix instruction association and parsing for LoongArch. perf stat: - Add --per-cache aggregation option, optionally specify a cache level like `--per-cache=L2`. $ sudo perf stat --per-cache -a -e ls_dmnd_fills_from_sys.ext_cache_remote --\ taskset -c 0-15,64-79,128-143,192-207\ perf bench sched messaging -p -t -l 100000 -g 8 # Running 'sched/messaging' benchmark: # 20 sender and receiver threads per group # 8 groups == 320 threads run Total time: 7.648 [sec] Performance counter stats for 'system wide': S0-D0-L3-ID0 16 17,145,912 ls_dmnd_fills_from_sys.ext_cache_remote S0-D0-L3-ID8 16 14,977,628 ls_dmnd_fills_from_sys.ext_cache_remote S0-D0-L3-ID16 16 262,539 ls_dmnd_fills_from_sys.ext_cache_remote S0-D0-L3-ID24 16 3,140 ls_dmnd_fills_from_sys.ext_cache_remote S0-D0-L3-ID32 16 27,403 ls_dmnd_fills_from_sys.ext_cache_remote S0-D0-L3-ID40 16 17,026 ls_dmnd_fills_from_sys.ext_cache_remote S0-D0-L3-ID48 16 7,292 ls_dmnd_fills_from_sys.ext_cache_remote S0-D0-L3-ID56 16 2,464 ls_dmnd_fills_from_sys.ext_cache_remote S1-D1-L3-ID64 16 22,489,306 ls_dmnd_fills_from_sys.ext_cache_remote S1-D1-L3-ID72 16 21,455,257 ls_dmnd_fills_from_sys.ext_cache_remote S1-D1-L3-ID80 16 11,619 ls_dmnd_fills_from_sys.ext_cache_remote S1-D1-L3-ID88 16 30,978 ls_dmnd_fills_from_sys.ext_cache_remote S1-D1-L3-ID96 16 37,628 ls_dmnd_fills_from_sys.ext_cache_remote S1-D1-L3-ID104 16 13,594 ls_dmnd_fills_from_sys.ext_cache_remote S1-D1-L3-ID112 16 10,164 ls_dmnd_fills_from_sys.ext_cache_remote S1-D1-L3-ID120 16 11,259 ls_dmnd_fills_from_sys.ext_cache_remote 7.779171484 seconds time elapsed - Change default (no event/metric) formatting for default metrics so that events are hidden and the metric and group appear. Performance counter stats for 'ls /': 1.85 msec task-clock # 0.594 CPUs utilized 0 context-switches # 0.000 /sec 0 cpu-migrations # 0.000 /sec 97 page-faults # 52.517 K/sec 2,187,173 cycles # 1.184 GHz 2,474,459 instructions # 1.13 insn per cycle 531,584 branches # 287.805 M/sec 13,626 branch-misses # 2.56% of all branches TopdownL1 # 23.5 % tma_backend_bound # 11.5 % tma_bad_speculation # 39.1 % tma_frontend_bound # 25.9 % tma_retiring - Allow --cputype option to have any PMU name (not just hybrid). - Fix output value not to added when it runs multiple times with -r option. perf list: - Show metricgroup description from JSON file called metricgroups.json. - Allow 'pfm' argument to list only libpfm4 events and check each event is supported before showing it. JSON vendor events: - Avoid event grouping using "NO_GROUP_EVENTS" constraints. The topdown events are correctly grouped even if no group exists. - Add "Default" metric group to print it in the default output. And use "DefaultMetricgroupName" to indicate the real metric group name. - Add AmpereOne core PMU events. Misc: - Define man page date correctly. - Track exception level properly on ARM CoreSight ETM. - Allow anonymous struct, union or enum when retrieving type names from DWARF. - Fix incorrect filename when calling `perf inject --jit`. - Handle PLT size correctly on LoongArch" * tag 'perf-tools-for-v6.5-1-2023-06-28' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/perf/perf-tools-next: (269 commits) perf test: Skip metrics w/o event name in stat STD output linter perf test: Reorder event name checks in stat STD output linter perf pmu: Remove a hard coded cpu PMU assumption perf pmus: Add notion of default PMU for JSON events perf unwind: Fix map reference counts perf test: Set PERF_EXEC_PATH for script execution perf script: Initialize buffer for regs_map() perf tests: Fix test_arm_callgraph_fp variable expansion perf symbol: Add LoongArch case in get_plt_sizes() perf test: Remove x permission from lib/stat_output.sh perf test: Rerun failed metrics with longer workload perf test: Add skip list for metrics known would fail perf test: Add metric value validation test perf jit: Fix incorrect file name in DWARF line table perf annotate: Fix instruction association and parsing for LoongArch perf annotation: Switch lock from a mutex to a sharded_mutex perf sharded_mutex: Introduce sharded_mutex tools: Fix incorrect calculation of object size by sizeof perf subcmd: Fix missing check for return value of malloc() in add_cmdname() perf parse-events: Remove unneeded semicolon ...
2023-06-29Merge tag 'net-next-6.5' of ↵Linus Torvalds13-48/+229
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/netdev/net-next Pull networking changes from Jakub Kicinski: "WiFi 7 and sendpage changes are the biggest pieces of work for this release. The latter will definitely require fixes but I think that we got it to a reasonable point. Core: - Rework the sendpage & splice implementations Instead of feeding data into sockets page by page extend sendmsg handlers to support taking a reference on the data, controlled by a new flag called MSG_SPLICE_PAGES Rework the handling of unexpected-end-of-file to invoke an additional callback instead of trying to predict what the right combination of MORE/NOTLAST flags is Remove the MSG_SENDPAGE_NOTLAST flag completely - Implement SCM_PIDFD, a new type of CMSG type analogous to SCM_CREDENTIALS, but it contains pidfd instead of plain pid - Enable socket busy polling with CONFIG_RT - Improve reliability and efficiency of reporting for ref_tracker - Auto-generate a user space C library for various Netlink families Protocols: - Allow TCP to shrink the advertised window when necessary, prevent sk_rcvbuf auto-tuning from growing the window all the way up to tcp_rmem[2] - Use per-VMA locking for "page-flipping" TCP receive zerocopy - Prepare TCP for device-to-device data transfers, by making sure that payloads are always attached to skbs as page frags - Make the backoff time for the first N TCP SYN retransmissions linear. Exponential backoff is unnecessarily conservative - Create a new MPTCP getsockopt to retrieve all info (MPTCP_FULL_INFO) - Avoid waking up applications using TLS sockets until we have a full record - Allow using kernel memory for protocol ioctl callbacks, paving the way to issuing ioctls over io_uring - Add nolocalbypass option to VxLAN, forcing packets to be fully encapsulated even if they are destined for a local IP address - Make TCPv4 use consistent hash in TIME_WAIT and SYN_RECV. Ensure in-kernel ECMP implementation (e.g. Open vSwitch) select the same link for all packets. Support L4 symmetric hashing in Open vSwitch - PPPoE: make number of hash bits configurable - Allow DNS to be overwritten by DHCPACK in the in-kernel DHCP client (ipconfig) - Add layer 2 miss indication and filtering, allowing higher layers (e.g. ACL filters) to make forwarding decisions based on whether packet matched forwarding state in lower devices (bridge) - Support matching on Connectivity Fault Management (CFM) packets - Hide the "link becomes ready" IPv6 messages by demoting their printk level to debug - HSR: don't enable promiscuous mode if device offloads the proto - Support active scanning in IEEE 802.15.4 - Continue work on Multi-Link Operation for WiFi 7 BPF: - Add precision propagation for subprogs and callbacks. This allows maintaining verification efficiency when subprograms are used, or in fact passing the verifier at all for complex programs, especially those using open-coded iterators - Improve BPF's {g,s}setsockopt() length handling. Previously BPF assumed the length is always equal to the amount of written data. But some protos allow passing a NULL buffer to discover what the output buffer *should* be, without writing anything - Accept dynptr memory as memory arguments passed to helpers - Add routing table ID to bpf_fib_lookup BPF helper - Support O_PATH FDs in BPF_OBJ_PIN and BPF_OBJ_GET commands - Drop bpf_capable() check in BPF_MAP_FREEZE command (used to mark maps as read-only) - Show target_{obj,btf}_id in tracing link fdinfo - Addition of several new kfuncs (most of the names are self-explanatory): - Add a set of new dynptr kfuncs: bpf_dynptr_adjust(), bpf_dynptr_is_null(), bpf_dynptr_is_rdonly(), bpf_dynptr_size() and bpf_dynptr_clone(). - bpf_task_under_cgroup() - bpf_sock_destroy() - force closing sockets - bpf_cpumask_first_and(), rework bpf_cpumask_any*() kfuncs Netfilter: - Relax set/map validation checks in nf_tables. Allow checking presence of an entry in a map without using the value - Increase ip_vs_conn_tab_bits range for 64BIT builds - Allow updating size of a set - Improve NAT tuple selection when connection is closing Driver API: - Integrate netdev with LED subsystem, to allow configuring HW "offloaded" blinking of LEDs based on link state and activity (i.e. packets coming in and out) - Support configuring rate selection pins of SFP modules - Factor Clause 73 auto-negotiation code out of the drivers, provide common helper routines - Add more fool-proof helpers for managing lifetime of MDIO devices associated with the PCS layer - Allow drivers to report advanced statistics related to Time Aware scheduler offload (taprio) - Allow opting out of VF statistics in link dump, to allow more VFs to fit into the message - Split devlink instance and devlink port operations New hardware / drivers: - Ethernet: - Synopsys EMAC4 IP support (stmmac) - Marvell 88E6361 8 port (5x1GE + 3x2.5GE) switches - Marvell 88E6250 7 port switches - Microchip LAN8650/1 Rev.B0 PHYs - MediaTek MT7981/MT7988 built-in 1GE PHY driver - WiFi: - Realtek RTL8192FU, 2.4 GHz, b/g/n mode, 2T2R, 300 Mbps - Realtek RTL8723DS (SDIO variant) - Realtek RTL8851BE - CAN: - Fintek F81604 Drivers: - Ethernet NICs: - Intel (100G, ice): - support dynamic interrupt allocation - use meta data match instead of VF MAC addr on slow-path - nVidia/Mellanox: - extend link aggregation to handle 4, rather than just 2 ports - spawn sub-functions without any features by default - OcteonTX2: - support HTB (Tx scheduling/QoS) offload - make RSS hash generation configurable - support selecting Rx queue using TC filters - Wangxun (ngbe/txgbe): - add basic Tx/Rx packet offloads - add phylink support (SFP/PCS control) - Freescale/NXP (enetc): - report TAPRIO packet statistics - Solarflare/AMD: - support matching on IP ToS and UDP source port of outer header - VxLAN and GENEVE tunnel encapsulation over IPv4 or IPv6 - add devlink dev info support for EF10 - Virtual NICs: - Microsoft vNIC: - size the Rx indirection table based on requested configuration - support VLAN tagging - Amazon vNIC: - try to reuse Rx buffers if not fully consumed, useful for ARM servers running with 16kB pages - Google vNIC: - support TCP segmentation of >64kB frames - Ethernet embedded switches: - Marvell (mv88e6xxx): - enable USXGMII (88E6191X) - Microchip: - lan966x: add support for Egress Stage 0 ACL engine - lan966x: support mapping packet priority to internal switch priority (based on PCP or DSCP) - Ethernet PHYs: - Broadcom PHYs: - support for Wake-on-LAN for BCM54210E/B50212E - report LPI counter - Microsemi PHYs: support RGMII delay configuration (VSC85xx) - Micrel PHYs: receive timestamp in the frame (LAN8841) - Realtek PHYs: support optional external PHY clock - Altera TSE PCS: merge the driver into Lynx PCS which it is a variant of - CAN: Kvaser PCIEcan: - support packet timestamping - WiFi: - Intel (iwlwifi): - major update for new firmware and Multi-Link Operation (MLO) - configuration rework to drop test devices and split the different families - support for segmented PNVM images and power tables - new vendor entries for PPAG (platform antenna gain) feature - Qualcomm 802.11ax (ath11k): - Multiple Basic Service Set Identifier (MBSSID) and Enhanced MBSSID Advertisement (EMA) support in AP mode - support factory test mode - RealTek (rtw89): - add RSSI based antenna diversity - support U-NII-4 channels on 5 GHz band - RealTek (rtl8xxxu): - AP mode support for 8188f - support USB RX aggregation for the newer chips" * tag 'net-next-6.5' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/netdev/net-next: (1602 commits) net: scm: introduce and use scm_recv_unix helper af_unix: Skip SCM_PIDFD if scm->pid is NULL. net: lan743x: Simplify comparison netlink: Add __sock_i_ino() for __netlink_diag_dump(). net: dsa: avoid suspicious RCU usage for synced VLAN-aware MAC addresses Revert "af_unix: Call scm_recv() only after scm_set_cred()." phylink: ReST-ify the phylink_pcs_neg_mode() kdoc libceph: Partially revert changes to support MSG_SPLICE_PAGES net: phy: mscc: fix packet loss due to RGMII delays net: mana: use vmalloc_array and vcalloc net: enetc: use vmalloc_array and vcalloc ionic: use vmalloc_array and vcalloc pds_core: use vmalloc_array and vcalloc gve: use vmalloc_array and vcalloc octeon_ep: use vmalloc_array and vcalloc net: usb: qmi_wwan: add u-blox 0x1312 composition perf trace: fix MSG_SPLICE_PAGES build error ipvlan: Fix return value of ipvlan_queue_xmit() netfilter: nf_tables: fix underflow in chain reference counter netfilter: nf_tables: unbind non-anonymous set if rule construction fails ...
2023-06-28Merge tag 'objtool-core-2023-06-27' of ↵Linus Torvalds2-9/+4
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip Pull objtool updates from Ingo Molar: "Build footprint & performance improvements: - Reduce memory usage with CONFIG_DEBUG_INFO=y In the worst case of an allyesconfig+CONFIG_DEBUG_INFO=y kernel, DWARF creates almost 200 million relocations, ballooning objtool's peak heap usage to 53GB. These patches reduce that to 25GB. On a distro-type kernel with kernel IBT enabled, they reduce objtool's peak heap usage from 4.2GB to 2.8GB. These changes also improve the runtime significantly. Debuggability improvements: - Add the unwind_debug command-line option, for more extend unwinding debugging output - Limit unreachable warnings to once per function - Add verbose option for disassembling affected functions - Include backtrace in verbose mode - Detect missing __noreturn annotations - Ignore exc_double_fault() __noreturn warnings - Remove superfluous global_noreturns entries - Move noreturn function list to separate file - Add __kunit_abort() to noreturns Unwinder improvements: - Allow stack operations in UNWIND_HINT_UNDEFINED regions - drm/vmwgfx: Add unwind hints around RBP clobber Cleanups: - Move the x86 entry thunk restore code into thunk functions - x86/unwind/orc: Use swap() instead of open coding it - Remove unnecessary/unused variables Fixes for modern stack canary handling" * tag 'objtool-core-2023-06-27' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: (42 commits) x86/orc: Make the is_callthunk() definition depend on CONFIG_BPF_JIT=y objtool: Skip reading DWARF section data objtool: Free insns when done objtool: Get rid of reloc->rel[a] objtool: Shrink elf hash nodes objtool: Shrink reloc->sym_reloc_entry objtool: Get rid of reloc->jump_table_start objtool: Get rid of reloc->addend objtool: Get rid of reloc->type objtool: Get rid of reloc->offset objtool: Get rid of reloc->idx objtool: Get rid of reloc->list objtool: Allocate relocs in advance for new rela sections objtool: Add for_each_reloc() objtool: Don't free memory in elf_close() objtool: Keep GElf_Rel[a] structs synced objtool: Add elf_create_section_pair() objtool: Add mark_sec_changed() objtool: Fix reloc_hash size objtool: Consolidate rel/rela handling ...
2023-06-21perf subcmd: Fix missing check for return value of malloc() in add_cmdname()Chenyuan Mi1-0/+2
The malloc() function may return NULL when it fails, which may cause null pointer deference in add_cmdname(), add Null check for return value of malloc(). Found by our static analysis tool. Signed-off-by: Chenyuan Mi <cymi20@fudan.edu.cn> Acked-by: Ian Rogers <irogers@google.com> Cc: Leo Yan <leo.yan@linaro.org> Cc: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com> Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230614150118.115208-1-cymi20@fudan.edu.cn Signed-off-by: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@kernel.org>
2023-06-15tools api: Add simple timeout to io readIan Rogers1-1/+27
In situations like reading from a pipe it can be useful to have a timeout so that the caller doesn't block indefinitely. Implement a simple one based on poll. Signed-off-by: Ian Rogers <irogers@google.com> Cc: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com> Cc: Alexander Shishkin <alexander.shishkin@linux.intel.com> Cc: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@kernel.org> Cc: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com> Cc: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@kernel.org> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Cc: Yang Jihong <yangjihong1@huawei.com> Link: http://lore.kernel.org/lkml/20230608061812.3715566-1-irogers@google.com Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
2023-06-14tools api fs: More thread safety for global filesystem variablesIan Rogers1-125/+86
Multiple threads, such as with "perf top", may race to initialize a file system path like hugetlbfs. The racy initialization of the path leads to at least memory leaks. To avoid this initialize each fs for reading the mount point path with pthread_once. Mounting the file system may also be racy, so introduce a mutex over the function. This does mean that the path is being accessed with and without a mutex, which is inherently racy but hopefully benign, especially as there are fewer callers to fs__mount. Remove the fs__entries by directly using global variables, this was done as no argument like the index can be passed to the init once routine. Issue found and tested with "perf top" and address sanitizer. Signed-off-by: Ian Rogers <irogers@google.com> Cc: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com> Cc: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@kernel.org> Cc: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@kernel.org> Cc: bpf@vger.kernel.org Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230609224004.180988-1-irogers@google.com Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
2023-06-13lib subcmd: Avoid memory leak in exclude_cmdsIan Rogers1-2/+6
exclude_cmds will shorten the cmds names array, before doing so free the removed entry. Signed-off-by: Ian Rogers <irogers@google.com> Cc: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com> Cc: Alexander Shishkin <alexander.shishkin@linux.intel.com> Cc: André Almeida <andrealmeid@igalia.com> Cc: Darren Hart <dvhart@infradead.org> Cc: Davidlohr Bueso <dave@stgolabs.net> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com> Cc: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@kernel.org> Cc: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com> Cc: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@kernel.org> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230611233610.953456-1-irogers@google.com Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
2023-06-08Merge git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/netdev/netJakub Kicinski2-1/+4
Cross-merge networking fixes after downstream PR. Conflicts: net/sched/sch_taprio.c d636fc5dd692 ("net: sched: add rcu annotations around qdisc->qdisc_sleeping") dced11ef84fb ("net/sched: taprio: don't overwrite "sch" variable in taprio_dump_class_stats()") net/ipv4/sysctl_net_ipv4.c e209fee4118f ("net/ipv4: ping_group_range: allow GID from 2147483648 to 4294967294") ccce324dabfe ("tcp: make the first N SYN RTO backoffs linear") https://lore.kernel.org/all/20230605100816.08d41a7b@canb.auug.org.au/ No adjacent changes. Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
2023-06-06bpf: netfilter: Add BPF_NETFILTER bpf_attach_typeFlorian Westphal2-1/+4
Andrii Nakryiko writes: And we currently don't have an attach type for NETLINK BPF link. Thankfully it's not too late to add it. I see that link_create() in kernel/bpf/syscall.c just bypasses attach_type check. We shouldn't have done that. Instead we need to add BPF_NETLINK attach type to enum bpf_attach_type. And wire all that properly throughout the kernel and libbpf itself. This adds BPF_NETFILTER and uses it. This breaks uabi but this wasn't in any non-rc release yet, so it should be fine. v2: check link_attack prog type in link_create too Fixes: 84601d6ee68a ("bpf: add bpf_link support for BPF_NETFILTER programs") Suggested-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andrii.nakryiko@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Florian Westphal <fw@strlen.de> Signed-off-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andrii@kernel.org> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/CAEf4BzZ69YgrQW7DHCJUT_X+GqMq_ZQQPBwopaJJVGFD5=d5Vg@mail.gmail.com/ Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20230605131445.32016-1-fw@strlen.de
2023-05-28libsubcmd: Avoid two path statics, removing 8192 bytes from .bssIan Rogers1-15/+20
Use a single stack allocated buffer and avoid 8,192 bytes in .bss. Signed-off-by: Ian Rogers <irogers@google.com> Cc: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com> Cc: Alexander Shishkin <alexander.shishkin@linux.intel.com> Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com> Cc: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@kernel.org> Cc: K Prateek Nayak <kprateek.nayak@amd.com> Cc: Kan Liang <kan.liang@linux.intel.com> Cc: Leo Yan <leo.yan@linaro.org> Cc: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com> Cc: Masami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@kernel.org> Cc: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@kernel.org> Cc: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Cc: Ravi Bangoria <ravi.bangoria@amd.com> Cc: Ross Zwisler <zwisler@chromium.org> Cc: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com> Cc: Steven Rostedt (VMware) <rostedt@goodmis.org> Cc: Tiezhu Yang <yangtiezhu@loongson.cn> Cc: Yang Jihong <yangjihong1@huawei.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230526183401.2326121-17-irogers@google.com Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
2023-05-28tools api fs: Dynamically allocate cgroupfs mount point cache, removing 4128 ↵Ian Rogers1-6/+11
bytes from .bss Move the cgroupfs_cache_entry 4128 byte array out of .bss. Signed-off-by: Ian Rogers <irogers@google.com> Cc: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com> Cc: Alexander Shishkin <alexander.shishkin@linux.intel.com> Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com> Cc: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@kernel.org> Cc: K Prateek Nayak <kprateek.nayak@amd.com> Cc: Kan Liang <kan.liang@linux.intel.com> Cc: Leo Yan <leo.yan@linaro.org> Cc: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com> Cc: Masami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@kernel.org> Cc: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@kernel.org> Cc: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Cc: Ravi Bangoria <ravi.bangoria@amd.com> Cc: Ross Zwisler <zwisler@chromium.org> Cc: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com> Cc: Steven Rostedt (VMware) <rostedt@goodmis.org> Cc: Tiezhu Yang <yangtiezhu@loongson.cn> Cc: Yang Jihong <yangjihong1@huawei.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230526183401.2326121-15-irogers@google.com Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
2023-05-28tools lib api fs tracing_path: Remove two unused MAX_PATH pathsIan Rogers1-11/+6
tracing_mnt was set but never written. tracing_events_path was set and read on errors paths, but its value is exactly tracing_path with a "/events" appended, so we can derive the value in the error paths. There appears to have been a missing "/" when tracing_events_path was initialized. Signed-off-by: Ian Rogers <irogers@google.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230526183401.2326121-8-irogers@google.com Cc: K Prateek Nayak <kprateek.nayak@amd.com> Cc: Ravi Bangoria <ravi.bangoria@amd.com> Cc: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com> Cc: Ross Zwisler <zwisler@chromium.org> Cc: Steven Rostedt (Google) <rostedt@goodmis.org> Cc: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com> Cc: Yang Jihong <yangjihong1@huawei.com> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Cc: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com> Cc: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@kernel.org> Cc: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@kernel.org> Cc: Masami Hiramatsu (Google) <mhiramat@kernel.org> Cc: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@kernel.org> Cc: Leo Yan <leo.yan@linaro.org> Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com> Cc: Alexander Shishkin <alexander.shishkin@linux.intel.com> Cc: Kan Liang <kan.liang@linux.intel.com> Cc: Tiezhu Yang <yangtiezhu@loongson.cn> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com> Cc: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com> Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org Cc: linux-perf-users@vger.kernel.org Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>