md/md-linear: Annotate struct linear_conf with __counted_by

Prepare for the coming implementation by GCC and Clang of the __counted_by
attribute. Flexible array members annotated with __counted_by can have
their accesses bounds-checked at run-time checking via CONFIG_UBSAN_BOUNDS
(for array indexing) and CONFIG_FORTIFY_SOURCE (for strcpy/memcpy-family
functions).

As found with Coccinelle[1], add __counted_by for struct linear_conf.
Additionally, since the element count member must be set before accessing
the annotated flexible array member, move its initialization earlier.

[1] https://github.com/kees/kernel-tools/blob/trunk/coccinelle/examples/counted_by.cocci

Cc: Song Liu <song@kernel.org>
Cc: linux-raid@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Reviewed-by: Gustavo A. R. Silva <gustavoars@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Song Liu <song@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230915200328.never.064-kees@kernel.org

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