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2022-06-01Merge tag 'f2fs-for-5.19-rc1' of ↵Linus Torvalds1-70/+143
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jaegeuk/f2fs Pull f2fs updates from Jaegeuk Kim: "In this round, we've refactored the existing atomic write support implemented by in-memory operations to have storing data in disk temporarily, which can give us a benefit to accept more atomic writes. At the same time, we removed the existing volatile write support. We've also revisited the file pinning and GC flows and found some corner cases which contributeed abnormal system behaviours. As usual, there're several minor code refactoring for readability, sanity check, and clean ups. Enhancements: - allow compression for mmap files in compress_mode=user - kill volatile write support - change the current atomic write way - give priority to select unpinned section for foreground GC - introduce data read/write showing path info - remove unnecessary f2fs_lock_op in f2fs_new_inode Bug fixes: - fix the file pinning flow during checkpoint=disable and GCs - fix foreground and background GCs to select the right victims and get free sections on time - fix GC flags on defragmenting pages - avoid an infinite loop to flush node pages - fix fallocate to use file_modified to update permissions consistently" * tag 'f2fs-for-5.19-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jaegeuk/f2fs: (40 commits) f2fs: fix to tag gcing flag on page during file defragment f2fs: replace F2FS_I(inode) and sbi by the local variable f2fs: add f2fs_init_write_merge_io function f2fs: avoid unneeded error handling for revoke_entry_slab allocation f2fs: allow compression for mmap files in compress_mode=user f2fs: fix typo in comment f2fs: make f2fs_read_inline_data() more readable f2fs: fix to do sanity check for inline inode f2fs: fix fallocate to use file_modified to update permissions consistently f2fs: don't use casefolded comparison for "." and ".." f2fs: do not stop GC when requiring a free section f2fs: keep wait_ms if EAGAIN happens f2fs: introduce f2fs_gc_control to consolidate f2fs_gc parameters f2fs: reject test_dummy_encryption when !CONFIG_FS_ENCRYPTION f2fs: kill volatile write support f2fs: change the current atomic write way f2fs: don't need inode lock for system hidden quota f2fs: stop allocating pinned sections if EAGAIN happens f2fs: skip GC if possible when checkpoint disabling f2fs: give priority to select unpinned section for foreground GC ...
2022-05-25f2fs: add f2fs_init_write_merge_io functionYufen Yu1-0/+28
Almost all other initialization of variables in f2fs_fill_super are extraced to a single function. Also do it for write_io[], which can make code more clean. This patch just refactors the code, theres no functional change. Signed-off-by: Yufen Yu <yuyufen@huawei.com> Reviewed-by: Chao Yu <chao@kernel.org> [Jaegeuk Kim: clean up] Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
2022-05-12f2fs: kill volatile write supportJaegeuk Kim1-5/+0
There's no user, since all can use atomic writes simply. Let's kill it. Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
2022-05-12f2fs: change the current atomic write wayDaeho Jeong1-65/+115
Current atomic write has three major issues like below. - keeps the updates in non-reclaimable memory space and they are even hard to be migrated, which is not good for contiguous memory allocation. - disk spaces used for atomic files cannot be garbage collected, so this makes it difficult for the filesystem to be defragmented. - If atomic write operations hit the threshold of either memory usage or garbage collection failure count, All the atomic write operations will fail immediately. To resolve the issues, I will keep a COW inode internally for all the updates to be flushed from memory, when we need to flush them out in a situation like high memory pressure. These COW inodes will be tagged as orphan inodes to be reclaimed in case of sudden power-cut or system failure during atomic writes. Signed-off-by: Daeho Jeong <daehojeong@google.com> Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
2022-05-10f2fs: Convert to release_folioMatthew Wilcox (Oracle)1-15/+17
While converting f2fs_release_page() to f2fs_release_folio(), cache the sb_info so we don't need to retrieve it twice, and remove the redundant call to set_page_private(). The use of folios should be pushed further into f2fs from here. Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) <willy@infradead.org> Reviewed-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@kernel.org>
2022-05-09f2fs: Convert f2fs to read_folioMatthew Wilcox (Oracle)1-2/+3
This is a "weak" conversion which converts straight back to using pages. A full conversion should be performed at some point, hopefully by someone familiar with the filesystem. Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) <willy@infradead.org>
2022-05-08fs: Remove flags parameter from aops->write_beginMatthew Wilcox (Oracle)1-3/+2
There are no more aop flags left, so remove the parameter. Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) <willy@infradead.org> Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
2022-04-20f2fs: keep io_flags to avoid IO split due to different op_flags in two fio ↵Jaegeuk Kim1-12/+21
holders Let's attach io_flags to bio only, so that we can merge IOs given original io_flags only. Fixes: 64bf0eef0171 ("f2fs: pass the bio operation to bio_alloc_bioset") Reviewed-by: Chao Yu <chao@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
2022-04-01f2fs: Correct f2fs_dirty_data_folio() conversionMatthew Wilcox (Oracle)1-1/+1
I got the return value wrong. Very little checks the return value from set_page_dirty(), so nobody noticed during testing. Fixes: 4f5e34f71318 ("f2fs: Convert f2fs_set_data_page_dirty to f2fs_dirty_data_folio") Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) <willy@infradead.org> Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de> Reviewed-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk> Acked-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
2022-04-01fs: Remove ->readpages address space operationMatthew Wilcox (Oracle)1-2/+2
All filesystems have now been converted to use ->readahead, so remove the ->readpages operation and fix all the comments that used to refer to it. Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) <willy@infradead.org> Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de> Reviewed-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk> Acked-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
2022-03-26Merge tag 'for-5.18/write-streams-2022-03-18' of git://git.kernel.dk/linux-blockLinus Torvalds1-2/+0
Pull NVMe write streams removal from Jens Axboe: "This removes the write streams support in NVMe. No vendor ever really shipped working support for this, and they are not interested in supporting it. With the NVMe support gone, we have nothing in the tree that supports this. Remove passing around of the hints. The only discussion point in this patchset imho is the fact that the file specific write hint setting/getting fcntl helpers will now return -1/EINVAL like they did before we supported write hints. No known applications use these functions, I only know of one prototype that I help do for RocksDB, and that's not used. That said, with a change like this, it's always a bit controversial. Alternatively, we could just make them return 0 and pretend it worked. It's placement based hints after all" * tag 'for-5.18/write-streams-2022-03-18' of git://git.kernel.dk/linux-block: fs: remove fs.f_write_hint fs: remove kiocb.ki_hint block: remove the per-bio/request write hint nvme: remove support or stream based temperature hint
2022-03-23Merge tag 'folio-5.18b' of git://git.infradead.org/users/willy/pagecacheLinus Torvalds1-29/+27
Pull filesystem folio updates from Matthew Wilcox: "Primarily this series converts some of the address_space operations to take a folio instead of a page. Notably: - a_ops->is_partially_uptodate() takes a folio instead of a page and changes the type of the 'from' and 'count' arguments to make it obvious they're bytes. - a_ops->invalidatepage() becomes ->invalidate_folio() and has a similar type change. - a_ops->launder_page() becomes ->launder_folio() - a_ops->set_page_dirty() becomes ->dirty_folio() and adds the address_space as an argument. There are a couple of other misc changes up front that weren't worth separating into their own pull request" * tag 'folio-5.18b' of git://git.infradead.org/users/willy/pagecache: (53 commits) fs: Remove aops ->set_page_dirty fb_defio: Use noop_dirty_folio() fs: Convert __set_page_dirty_no_writeback to noop_dirty_folio fs: Convert __set_page_dirty_buffers to block_dirty_folio nilfs: Convert nilfs_set_page_dirty() to nilfs_dirty_folio() mm: Convert swap_set_page_dirty() to swap_dirty_folio() ubifs: Convert ubifs_set_page_dirty to ubifs_dirty_folio f2fs: Convert f2fs_set_node_page_dirty to f2fs_dirty_node_folio f2fs: Convert f2fs_set_data_page_dirty to f2fs_dirty_data_folio f2fs: Convert f2fs_set_meta_page_dirty to f2fs_dirty_meta_folio afs: Convert afs_dir_set_page_dirty() to afs_dir_dirty_folio() btrfs: Convert extent_range_redirty_for_io() to use folios fs: Convert trivial uses of __set_page_dirty_nobuffers to filemap_dirty_folio btrfs: Convert from set_page_dirty to dirty_folio fscache: Convert fscache_set_page_dirty() to fscache_dirty_folio() fs: Add aops->dirty_folio fs: Remove aops->launder_page orangefs: Convert launder_page to launder_folio nfs: Convert from launder_page to launder_folio fuse: Convert from launder_page to launder_folio ...
2022-03-23Merge branch 'akpm' (patches from Andrew)Linus Torvalds1-2/+1
Merge updates from Andrew Morton: - A few misc subsystems: kthread, scripts, ntfs, ocfs2, block, and vfs - Most the MM patches which precede the patches in Willy's tree: kasan, pagecache, gup, swap, shmem, memcg, selftests, pagemap, mremap, sparsemem, vmalloc, pagealloc, memory-failure, mlock, hugetlb, userfaultfd, vmscan, compaction, mempolicy, oom-kill, migration, thp, cma, autonuma, psi, ksm, page-poison, madvise, memory-hotplug, rmap, zswap, uaccess, ioremap, highmem, cleanups, kfence, hmm, and damon. * emailed patches from Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>: (227 commits) mm/damon/sysfs: remove repeat container_of() in damon_sysfs_kdamond_release() Docs/ABI/testing: add DAMON sysfs interface ABI document Docs/admin-guide/mm/damon/usage: document DAMON sysfs interface selftests/damon: add a test for DAMON sysfs interface mm/damon/sysfs: support DAMOS stats mm/damon/sysfs: support DAMOS watermarks mm/damon/sysfs: support schemes prioritization mm/damon/sysfs: support DAMOS quotas mm/damon/sysfs: support DAMON-based Operation Schemes mm/damon/sysfs: support the physical address space monitoring mm/damon/sysfs: link DAMON for virtual address spaces monitoring mm/damon: implement a minimal stub for sysfs-based DAMON interface mm/damon/core: add number of each enum type values mm/damon/core: allow non-exclusive DAMON start/stop Docs/damon: update outdated term 'regions update interval' Docs/vm/damon/design: update DAMON-Idle Page Tracking interference handling Docs/vm/damon: call low level monitoring primitives the operations mm/damon: remove unnecessary CONFIG_DAMON option mm/damon/paddr,vaddr: remove damon_{p,v}a_{target_valid,set_operations}() mm/damon/dbgfs-test: fix is_target_id() change ...
2022-03-23f2fs: replace congestion_wait() calls with io_schedule_timeout()NeilBrown1-2/+1
As congestion is no longer tracked, congestion_wait() is effectively equivalent to io_schedule_timeout(). So introduce f2fs_io_schedule_timeout() which sets TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE and call that instead. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/164549983744.9187.6425865370954230902.stgit@noble.brown Signed-off-by: NeilBrown <neilb@suse.de> Cc: Anna Schumaker <Anna.Schumaker@Netapp.com> Cc: Chao Yu <chao@kernel.org> Cc: Darrick J. Wong <djwong@kernel.org> Cc: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com> Cc: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org> Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz> Cc: Jeff Layton <jlayton@kernel.org> Cc: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk> Cc: Lars Ellenberg <lars.ellenberg@linbit.com> Cc: Miklos Szeredi <miklos@szeredi.hu> Cc: Paolo Valente <paolo.valente@linaro.org> Cc: Philipp Reisner <philipp.reisner@linbit.com> Cc: Ryusuke Konishi <konishi.ryusuke@gmail.com> Cc: Trond Myklebust <trond.myklebust@hammerspace.com> Cc: Wu Fengguang <fengguang.wu@intel.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2022-03-22Merge tag 'f2fs-for-5.18' of ↵Linus Torvalds1-32/+44
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jaegeuk/f2fs Pull f2fs updates from Jaegeuk Kim: "In this cycle, f2fs has some performance improvements for Android workloads such as using read-unfair rwsems and adding some sysfs entries to control GCs and discard commands in more details. In addtiion, it has some tunings to improve the recovery speed after sudden power-cut. Enhancement: - add reader-unfair rwsems with F2FS_UNFAIR_RWSEM: will replace with generic API support - adjust to make the readahead/recovery flow more efficiently - sysfs entries to control issue speeds of GCs and Discard commands - enable idmapped mounts Bug fix: - correct wrong error handling routines - fix missing conditions in quota - fix a potential deadlock between writeback and block plug routines - fix a deadlock btween freezefs and evict_inode We've added some boundary checks to avoid kernel panics on corrupted images, and several minor code clean-ups" * tag 'f2fs-for-5.18' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jaegeuk/f2fs: (27 commits) f2fs: fix to do sanity check on .cp_pack_total_block_count f2fs: make gc_urgent and gc_segment_mode sysfs node readable f2fs: use aggressive GC policy during f2fs_disable_checkpoint() f2fs: fix compressed file start atomic write may cause data corruption f2fs: initialize sbi->gc_mode explicitly f2fs: introduce gc_urgent_mid mode f2fs: compress: fix to print raw data size in error path of lz4 decompression f2fs: remove redundant parameter judgment f2fs: use spin_lock to avoid hang f2fs: don't get FREEZE lock in f2fs_evict_inode in frozen fs f2fs: remove unnecessary read for F2FS_FITS_IN_INODE f2fs: introduce F2FS_UNFAIR_RWSEM to support unfair rwsem f2fs: avoid an infinite loop in f2fs_sync_dirty_inodes f2fs: fix to do sanity check on curseg->alloc_type f2fs: fix to avoid potential deadlock f2fs: quota: fix loop condition at f2fs_quota_sync() f2fs: Restore rwsem lockdep support f2fs: fix missing free nid in f2fs_handle_failed_inode f2fs: support idmapped mounts f2fs: add a way to limit roll forward recovery time ...
2022-03-22Merge tag 'fscrypt-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/fs/fscrypt/fscryptLinus Torvalds1-0/+7
Pull fscrypt updates from Eric Biggers: "Add support for direct I/O on encrypted files when blk-crypto (inline encryption) is being used for file contents encryption" * tag 'fscrypt-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/fs/fscrypt/fscrypt: fscrypt: update documentation for direct I/O support f2fs: support direct I/O with fscrypt using blk-crypto ext4: support direct I/O with fscrypt using blk-crypto iomap: support direct I/O with fscrypt using blk-crypto fscrypt: add functions for direct I/O support
2022-03-18f2fs: fix compressed file start atomic write may cause data corruptionFengnan Chang1-1/+1
When compressed file has blocks, f2fs_ioc_start_atomic_write will succeed, but compressed flag will be remained in inode. If write partial compreseed cluster and commit atomic write will cause data corruption. This is the reproduction process: Step 1: create a compressed file ,write 64K data , call fsync(), then the blocks are write as compressed cluster. Step2: iotcl(F2FS_IOC_START_ATOMIC_WRITE) --- this should be fail, but not. write page 0 and page 3. iotcl(F2FS_IOC_COMMIT_ATOMIC_WRITE) -- page 0 and 3 write as normal file, Step3: drop cache. read page 0-4 -- Since page 0 has a valid block address, read as non-compressed cluster, page 1 and 2 will be filled with compressed data or zero. The root cause is, after commit 7eab7a696827 ("f2fs: compress: remove unneeded read when rewrite whole cluster"), in step 2, f2fs_write_begin() only set target page dirty, and in f2fs_commit_inmem_pages(), we will write partial raw pages into compressed cluster, result in corrupting compressed cluster layout. Fixes: 4c8ff7095bef ("f2fs: support data compression") Fixes: 7eab7a696827 ("f2fs: compress: remove unneeded read when rewrite whole cluster") Reported-by: kernel test robot <lkp@intel.com> Reported-by: Dan Carpenter <dan.carpenter@oracle.com> Signed-off-by: Fengnan Chang <changfengnan@vivo.com> Reviewed-by: Chao Yu <chao@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
2022-03-15f2fs: Convert f2fs_set_data_page_dirty to f2fs_dirty_data_folioMatthew Wilcox (Oracle)1-17/+17
Removes several calls to __set_page_dirty_nobuffers(). Also turn the PageSwapCache() case into a BUG() as there's no way for a swapcache page to make it to a filesystem that doesn't use SWP_FS_OPS. Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) <willy@infradead.org> Tested-by: Damien Le Moal <damien.lemoal@opensource.wdc.com> Acked-by: Damien Le Moal <damien.lemoal@opensource.wdc.com> Tested-by: Mike Marshall <hubcap@omnibond.com> # orangefs Tested-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com> # afs
2022-03-15f2fs: Convert invalidatepage to invalidate_folioMatthew Wilcox (Oracle)1-12/+10
This is a minimal change which just accepts the new arguments and passes the single struct page to the functions which do the work. There is very little progress here toards making f2fs support large folios. Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) <willy@infradead.org> Tested-by: Damien Le Moal <damien.lemoal@opensource.wdc.com> Acked-by: Damien Le Moal <damien.lemoal@opensource.wdc.com> Tested-by: Mike Marshall <hubcap@omnibond.com> # orangefs Tested-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com> # afs
2022-03-09f2fs: pass the bio operation to bio_alloc_biosetChristoph Hellwig1-41/+29
Refactor block I/O code so that the bio operation and known flags are set at bio allocation time. Only the later updated flags are updated on the fly. Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de> Reviewed-by: Chao Yu <chao@kernel.org> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220228124123.856027-3-hch@lst.de Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
2022-03-09f2fs: don't pass a bio to f2fs_target_deviceChristoph Hellwig1-12/+13
Set the bdev at bio allocation time by changing the f2fs_target_device calling conventions, so that no bio needs to be passed in. Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de> Reviewed-by: Chao Yu <chao@kernel.org> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220228124123.856027-2-hch@lst.de Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
2022-03-07block: remove the per-bio/request write hintChristoph Hellwig1-2/+0
With the NVMe support for this gone, there are no consumers of these hints left, so remove them. Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220304175556.407719-2-hch@lst.de Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
2022-03-04f2fs: fix to avoid potential deadlockChao Yu1-1/+5
Quoted from Jing Xia's report, there is a potential deadlock may happen between kworker and checkpoint as below: [T:writeback] [T:checkpoint] - wb_writeback - blk_start_plug bio contains NodeA was plugged in writeback threads - do_writepages -- sync write inodeB, inc wb_sync_req[DATA] - f2fs_write_data_pages - f2fs_write_single_data_page -- write last dirty page - f2fs_do_write_data_page - set_page_writeback -- clear page dirty flag and PAGECACHE_TAG_DIRTY tag in radix tree - f2fs_outplace_write_data - f2fs_update_data_blkaddr - f2fs_wait_on_page_writeback -- wait NodeA to writeback here - inode_dec_dirty_pages - writeback_sb_inodes - writeback_single_inode - do_writepages - f2fs_write_data_pages -- skip writepages due to wb_sync_req[DATA] - wbc->pages_skipped += get_dirty_pages() -- PAGECACHE_TAG_DIRTY is not set but get_dirty_pages() returns one - requeue_inode -- requeue inode to wb->b_dirty queue due to non-zero.pages_skipped - blk_finish_plug Let's try to avoid deadlock condition by forcing unplugging previous bio via blk_finish_plug(current->plug) once we'v skipped writeback in writepages() due to valid sbi->wb_sync_req[DATA/NODE]. Fixes: 687de7f1010c ("f2fs: avoid IO split due to mixed WB_SYNC_ALL and WB_SYNC_NONE") Signed-off-by: Zhiguo Niu <zhiguo.niu@unisoc.com> Signed-off-by: Jing Xia <jing.xia@unisoc.com> Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <chao@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
2022-02-08f2fs: support direct I/O with fscrypt using blk-cryptoEric Biggers1-0/+7
Encrypted files traditionally haven't supported DIO, due to the need to encrypt/decrypt the data. However, when the encryption is implemented using inline encryption (blk-crypto) instead of the traditional filesystem-layer encryption, it is straightforward to support DIO. Therefore, make f2fs support DIO on files that are using inline encryption. Since f2fs uses iomap for DIO, and fscrypt support was already added to iomap DIO, this just requires two small changes: - Let DIO proceed when supported, by checking fscrypt_dio_supported() instead of assuming that encrypted files never support DIO. - In f2fs_iomap_begin(), use fscrypt_limit_io_blocks() to limit the length of the mapping in the rare case where a DUN discontiguity occurs in the middle of an extent. The iomap DIO implementation requires this, since it assumes that it can submit a bio covering (up to) the whole mapping, without checking fscrypt constraints itself. Co-developed-by: Satya Tangirala <satyat@google.com> Signed-off-by: Satya Tangirala <satyat@google.com> Acked-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220128233940.79464-5-ebiggers@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@google.com>
2022-02-07f2fs: introduce F2FS_IPU_HONOR_OPU_WRITE ipu policyChao Yu1-5/+13
Once F2FS_IPU_FORCE policy is enabled in some cases: a) f2fs forces to use F2FS_IPU_FORCE in a small-sized volume b) user sets F2FS_IPU_FORCE policy via sysfs Then we may fail to defragment file due to IPU policy check, it doesn't make sense, let's introduce a new IPU policy to allow OPU during file defragmentation. In small-sized volume, let's enable F2FS_IPU_HONOR_OPU_WRITE policy by default. Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <chao@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
2022-02-02block: pass a block_device and opf to bio_alloc_biosetChristoph Hellwig1-4/+3
Pass the block_device and operation that we plan to use this bio for to bio_alloc_bioset to optimize the assigment. NULL/0 can be passed, both for the passthrough case on a raw request_queue and to temporarily avoid refactoring some nasty code. Also move the gfp_mask argument after the nr_vecs argument for a much more logical calling convention matching what most of the kernel does. Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de> Reviewed-by: Chaitanya Kulkarni <kch@nvidia.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220124091107.642561-16-hch@lst.de Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
2022-01-25f2fs: move f2fs to use reader-unfair rwsemsTim Murray1-25/+25
f2fs rw_semaphores work better if writers can starve readers, especially for the checkpoint thread, because writers are strictly more important than reader threads. This prevents significant priority inversion between low-priority readers that blocked while trying to acquire the read lock and a second acquisition of the write lock that might be blocking high priority work. Signed-off-by: Tim Murray <timmurray@google.com> Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
2022-01-22mm: remove cleancacheChristoph Hellwig1-13/+0
Patch series "remove Xen tmem leftovers". Since the removal of the Xen tmem driver in 2019, the cleancache hooks are entirely unused, as are large parts of frontswap. This series against linux-next (with the folio changes included) removes cleancaches, and cuts down frontswap to the bits actually used by zswap. This patch (of 13): The cleancache subsystem is unused since the removal of Xen tmem driver in commit 814bbf49dcd0 ("xen: remove tmem driver"). [akpm@linux-foundation.org: remove now-unreachable code] Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20211224062246.1258487-1-hch@lst.de Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20211224062246.1258487-2-hch@lst.de Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de> Reviewed-by: Juergen Gross <jgross@suse.com> Acked-by: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org> Cc: Konrad Rzeszutek Wilk <Konrad.wilk@oracle.com> Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com> Cc: Seth Jennings <sjenning@redhat.com> Cc: Dan Streetman <ddstreet@ieee.org> Cc: Vitaly Wool <vitaly.wool@konsulko.com> Cc: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) <willy@infradead.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2022-01-19Merge tag 'f2fs-for-5.17-rc1' of ↵Linus Torvalds1-272/+79
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jaegeuk/f2fs Pull f2fs updates from Jaegeuk Kim: "In this round, we've tried to address some performance issues in f2fs_checkpoint and direct IO flows. Also, there was a work to enhance the page cache management used for compression. Other than them, we've done typical work including sysfs, code clean-ups, tracepoint, sanity check, in addition to bug fixes on corner cases. Enhancements: - use iomap for direct IO - try to avoid lock contention to improve f2fs_ckpt speed - avoid unnecessary memory allocation in compression flow - POSIX_FADV_DONTNEED drops the page cache containing compression pages - add some sysfs entries (gc_urgent_high_remaining, pending_discard) Bug fixes: - try not to expose unwritten blocks to user by DIO (this was added to avoid merge conflict; another patch is coming to address other missing case) - relax minor error condition for file pinning feature used in Android OTA - fix potential deadlock case in compression flow - should not truncate any block on pinned file In addition, we've done some code clean-ups and tracepoint/sanity check improvement" * tag 'f2fs-for-5.17-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jaegeuk/f2fs: (29 commits) f2fs: do not allow partial truncation on pinned file f2fs: remove redunant invalidate compress pages f2fs: Simplify bool conversion f2fs: don't drop compressed page cache in .{invalidate,release}page f2fs: fix to reserve space for IO align feature f2fs: fix to check available space of CP area correctly in update_ckpt_flags() f2fs: support fault injection to f2fs_trylock_op() f2fs: clean up __find_inline_xattr() with __find_xattr() f2fs: fix to do sanity check on last xattr entry in __f2fs_setxattr() f2fs: do not bother checkpoint by f2fs_get_node_info f2fs: avoid down_write on nat_tree_lock during checkpoint f2fs: compress: fix potential deadlock of compress file f2fs: avoid EINVAL by SBI_NEED_FSCK when pinning a file f2fs: add gc_urgent_high_remaining sysfs node f2fs: fix to do sanity check in is_alive() f2fs: fix to avoid panic in is_alive() if metadata is inconsistent f2fs: fix to do sanity check on inode type during garbage collection f2fs: avoid duplicate call of mark_inode_dirty f2fs: show number of pending discard commands f2fs: support POSIX_FADV_DONTNEED drop compressed page cache ...
2022-01-15mm: introduce memalloc_retry_wait()NeilBrown1-2/+2
Various places in the kernel - largely in filesystems - respond to a memory allocation failure by looping around and re-trying. Some of these cannot conveniently use __GFP_NOFAIL, for reasons such as: - a GFP_ATOMIC allocation, which __GFP_NOFAIL doesn't work on - a need to check for the process being signalled between failures - the possibility that other recovery actions could be performed - the allocation is quite deep in support code, and passing down an extra flag to say if __GFP_NOFAIL is wanted would be clumsy. Many of these currently use congestion_wait() which (in almost all cases) simply waits the given timeout - congestion isn't tracked for most devices. It isn't clear what the best delay is for loops, but it is clear that the various filesystems shouldn't be responsible for choosing a timeout. This patch introduces memalloc_retry_wait() with takes on that responsibility. Code that wants to retry a memory allocation can call this function passing the GFP flags that were used. It will wait however is appropriate. For now, it only considers __GFP_NORETRY and whatever gfpflags_allow_blocking() tests. If blocking is allowed without __GFP_NORETRY, then alloc_page either made some reclaim progress, or waited for a while, before failing. So there is no need for much further waiting. memalloc_retry_wait() will wait until the current jiffie ends. If this condition is not met, then alloc_page() won't have waited much if at all. In that case memalloc_retry_wait() waits about 200ms. This is the delay that most current loops uses. linux/sched/mm.h needs to be included in some files now, but linux/backing-dev.h does not. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/163754371968.13692.1277530886009912421@noble.neil.brown.name Signed-off-by: NeilBrown <neilb@suse.de> Cc: Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com> Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Cc: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu> Cc: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org> Cc: Chao Yu <chao@kernel.org> Cc: Darrick J. Wong <djwong@kernel.org> Cc: Chuck Lever <chuck.lever@oracle.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2022-01-05f2fs: don't drop compressed page cache in .{invalidate,release}pageChao Yu1-10/+4
For compressed inode, in .{invalidate,release}page, we will call f2fs_invalidate_compress_pages() to drop all compressed page cache of current inode. But we don't need to drop compressed page cache synchronously in .invalidatepage, because, all trancation paths of compressed physical block has been covered with f2fs_invalidate_compress_page(). And also we don't need to drop compressed page cache synchronously in .releasepage, because, if there is out-of-memory, we can count on page cache reclaim on sbi->compress_inode. BTW, this patch may fix the issue reported below: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-f2fs-devel/20211202092812.197647-1-changfengnan@vivo.com/T/#u Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <chao@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
2022-01-05f2fs: do not bother checkpoint by f2fs_get_node_infoJaegeuk Kim1-4/+4
This patch tries to mitigate lock contention between f2fs_write_checkpoint and f2fs_get_node_info along with nat_tree_lock. The idea is, if checkpoint is currently running, other threads that try to grab nat_tree_lock would be better to wait for checkpoint. Reviewed-by: Chao Yu <chao@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
2021-12-14f2fs: avoid EINVAL by SBI_NEED_FSCK when pinning a fileJaegeuk Kim1-2/+5
Android OTA failed due to SBI_NEED_FSCK flag when pinning the file. Let's avoid it since we can do in-place-updates. Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
2021-12-11f2fs: use iomap for direct I/OEric Biggers1-203/+2
Make f2fs_file_read_iter() and f2fs_file_write_iter() use the iomap direct I/O implementation instead of the fs/direct-io.c one. The iomap implementation is more efficient, and it also avoids the need to add new features and optimizations to the old implementation. This new implementation also eliminates the need for f2fs to hook bio submission and completion and to allocate memory per-bio. This is because it's possible to correctly update f2fs's in-flight DIO counters using __iomap_dio_rw() in combination with an implementation of iomap_dio_ops::end_io() (as suggested by Christoph Hellwig). When possible, this new implementation preserves existing f2fs behavior such as the conditions for falling back to buffered I/O. This patch has been tested with xfstests by running 'gce-xfstests -c f2fs -g auto -X generic/017' with and without this patch; no regressions were seen. (Some tests fail both before and after. generic/017 hangs both before and after, so it had to be excluded.) Signed-off-by: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@google.com> [Jaegeuk Kim: use spin_lock_bh for f2fs_update_iostat in softirq] Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
2021-12-04f2fs: implement iomap operationsEric Biggers1-0/+56
Implement 'struct iomap_ops' for f2fs, in preparation for making f2fs use iomap for direct I/O. Note that this may be used for other things besides direct I/O in the future; however, for now I've only tested it for direct I/O. Signed-off-by: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@google.com> Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
2021-12-04f2fs: do not expose unwritten blocks to user by DIOJaegeuk Kim1-1/+4
DIO preallocates physical blocks before writing data, but if an error occurrs or power-cut happens, we can see block contents from the disk. This patch tries to fix it by 1) turning to buffered writes for DIO into holes, 2) truncating unwritten blocks from error or power-cut. Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
2021-11-17f2fs: rework write preallocationsEric Biggers1-52/+3
f2fs_write_begin() assumes that all blocks were preallocated by default unless FI_NO_PREALLOC is explicitly set. This invites data corruption, as there are cases in which not all blocks are preallocated. Commit 47501f87c61a ("f2fs: preallocate DIO blocks when forcing buffered_io") fixed one case, but there are others remaining. Fix up this logic by replacing this flag with FI_PREALLOCATED_ALL, which only gets set if all blocks for the current write were preallocated. Also clean up f2fs_preallocate_blocks(), move it to file.c, and make it handle some of the logic that was previously in write_iter() directly. Signed-off-by: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@google.com> Reviewed-by: Chao Yu <chao@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
2021-11-17f2fs: compress: reduce one page array alloc and free when write compressed pageFengnan Chang1-0/+1
Don't alloc new page pointers array to replace old, just use old, introduce valid_nr_cpages to indicate valid number of page pointers in array, try to reduce one page array alloc and free when write compress page. Signed-off-by: Fengnan Chang <changfengnan@vivo.com> Reviewed-by: Chao Yu <chao@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
2021-11-09f2fs: invalidate META_MAPPING before IPU/DIO writeHyeong-Jun Kim1-0/+2
Encrypted pages during GC are read and cached in META_MAPPING. However, due to cached pages in META_MAPPING, there is an issue where newly written pages are lost by IPU or DIO writes. Thread A - f2fs_gc() Thread B /* phase 3 */ down_write(i_gc_rwsem) ra_data_block() ---- (a) up_write(i_gc_rwsem) f2fs_direct_IO() : - down_read(i_gc_rwsem) - __blockdev_direct_io() - get_data_block_dio_write() - f2fs_dio_submit_bio() ---- (b) - up_read(i_gc_rwsem) /* phase 4 */ down_write(i_gc_rwsem) move_data_block() ---- (c) up_write(i_gc_rwsem) (a) In phase 3 of f2fs_gc(), up-to-date page is read from storage and cached in META_MAPPING. (b) In thread B, writing new data by IPU or DIO write on same blkaddr as read in (a). cached page in META_MAPPING become out-dated. (c) In phase 4 of f2fs_gc(), out-dated page in META_MAPPING is copied to new blkaddr. In conclusion, the newly written data in (b) is lost. To address this issue, invalidating pages in META_MAPPING before IPU or DIO write. Fixes: 6aa58d8ad20a ("f2fs: readahead encrypted block during GC") Signed-off-by: Hyeong-Jun Kim <hj514.kim@samsung.com> Reviewed-by: Chao Yu <chao@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
2021-10-27f2fs: compress: fix overwrite may reduce compress ratio unproperlyFengnan Chang1-18/+18
when overwrite only first block of cluster, since cluster is not full, it will call f2fs_write_raw_pages when f2fs_write_multi_pages, and cause the whole cluster become uncompressed eventhough data can be compressed. this may will make random write bench score reduce a lot. root# dd if=/dev/zero of=./fio-test bs=1M count=1 root# sync root# echo 3 > /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches root# f2fs_io get_cblocks ./fio-test root# dd if=/dev/zero of=./fio-test bs=4K count=1 oflag=direct conv=notrunc w/o patch: root# f2fs_io get_cblocks ./fio-test 189 w/ patch: root# f2fs_io get_cblocks ./fio-test 192 Signed-off-by: Fengnan Chang <changfengnan@vivo.com> Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <chao@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
2021-10-27f2fs: multidevice: support direct IOChao Yu1-3/+54
Commit 3c62be17d4f5 ("f2fs: support multiple devices") missed to support direct IO for multiple device feature, this patch adds to support the missing part of multidevice feature. In addition, for multiple device image, we should be aware of any issued direct write IO rather than just buffered write IO, so that fsync and syncfs can issue a preflush command to the device where direct write IO goes, to persist user data for posix compliant. Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <chao@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
2021-09-04Merge tag 'f2fs-for-5.15-rc1' of ↵Linus Torvalds1-62/+140
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jaegeuk/f2fs Pull f2fs updates from Jaegeuk Kim: "In this cycle, we've addressed some performance issues such as lock contention, misbehaving compress_cache, allowing extent_cache for compressed files, and new sysfs to adjust ra_size for fadvise. In order to diagnose the performance issues quickly, we also added an iostat which shows the IO latencies periodically. On the stability side, we've found two memory leakage cases in the error path in compression flow. And, we've also fixed various corner cases in fiemap, quota, checkpoint=disable, zstd, and so on. Enhancements: - avoid long checkpoint latency by releasing nat_tree_lock - collect and show iostats periodically - support extent_cache for compressed files - add a sysfs entry to manage ra_size given fadvise(POSIX_FADV_SEQUENTIAL) - report f2fs GC status via sysfs - add discard_unit=%s in mount option to handle zoned device Bug fixes: - fix two memory leakages when an error happens in the compressed IO flow - fix commpress_cache to get the right LBA - fix fiemap to deal with compressed case correctly - fix wrong EIO returns due to SBI_NEED_FSCK - fix missing writes when enabling checkpoint back - fix quota deadlock - fix zstd level mount option In addition to the above major updates, we've cleaned up several code paths such as dio, unnecessary operations, debugfs/f2fs/status, sanity check, and typos" * tag 'f2fs-for-5.15-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jaegeuk/f2fs: (46 commits) f2fs: should put a page beyond EOF when preparing a write f2fs: deallocate compressed pages when error happens f2fs: enable realtime discard iff device supports discard f2fs: guarantee to write dirty data when enabling checkpoint back f2fs: fix to unmap pages from userspace process in punch_hole() f2fs: fix unexpected ENOENT comes from f2fs_map_blocks() f2fs: fix to account missing .skipped_gc_rwsem f2fs: adjust unlock order for cleanup f2fs: Don't create discard thread when device doesn't support realtime discard f2fs: rebuild nat_bits during umount f2fs: introduce periodic iostat io latency traces f2fs: separate out iostat feature f2fs: compress: do sanity check on cluster f2fs: fix description about main_blkaddr node f2fs: convert S_IRUGO to 0444 f2fs: fix to keep compatibility of fault injection interface f2fs: support fault injection for f2fs_kmem_cache_alloc() f2fs: compress: allow write compress released file after truncate to zero f2fs: correct comment in segment.h f2fs: improve sbi status info in debugfs/f2fs/status ...
2021-09-01f2fs: should put a page beyond EOF when preparing a writeJaegeuk Kim1-0/+2
The prepare_compress_overwrite() gets/locks a page to prepare a read, and calls f2fs_read_multi_pages() which checks EOF first. If there's any page beyond EOF, we unlock the page and set cc->rpages[i] = NULL, which we can't put the page anymore. This makes page leak, so let's fix by putting that page. Fixes: a949dc5f2c5c ("f2fs: compress: fix race condition of overwrite vs truncate") Reviewed-by: Chao Yu <chao@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
2021-08-30f2fs: fix unexpected ENOENT comes from f2fs_map_blocks()Chao Yu1-0/+14
In below path, it will return ENOENT if filesystem is shutdown: - f2fs_map_blocks - f2fs_get_dnode_of_data - f2fs_get_node_page - __get_node_page - read_node_page - is_sbi_flag_set(sbi, SBI_IS_SHUTDOWN) return -ENOENT - force return value from ENOENT to 0 It should be fine for read case, since it indicates a hole condition, and caller could use .m_next_pgofs to skip the hole and continue the lookup. However it may cause confusing for write case, since leaving a hole there, and said nothing was wrong doesn't help. There is at least one case from dax_iomap_actor() will complain that, so fix this in prior to supporting dax in f2fs. xfstest generic/388 reports below warning: ubuntu godown: xfstests-induced forced shutdown of /mnt/scratch_f2fs: ------------[ cut here ]------------ WARNING: CPU: 0 PID: 485833 at fs/dax.c:1127 dax_iomap_actor+0x339/0x370 Call Trace: iomap_apply+0x1c4/0x7b0 ? dax_iomap_rw+0x1c0/0x1c0 dax_iomap_rw+0xad/0x1c0 ? dax_iomap_rw+0x1c0/0x1c0 f2fs_file_write_iter+0x5ab/0x970 [f2fs] do_iter_readv_writev+0x273/0x2e0 do_iter_write+0xab/0x1f0 vfs_iter_write+0x21/0x40 iter_file_splice_write+0x287/0x540 do_splice+0x37c/0xa60 __x64_sys_splice+0x15f/0x3a0 do_syscall_64+0x3b/0x90 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x44/0xae ubuntu godown: xfstests-induced forced shutdown of /mnt/scratch_f2fs: ------------[ cut here ]------------ RIP: 0010:dax_iomap_pte_fault.isra.0+0x72e/0x14a0 Call Trace: dax_iomap_fault+0x44/0x70 f2fs_dax_huge_fault+0x155/0x400 [f2fs] f2fs_dax_fault+0x18/0x30 [f2fs] __do_fault+0x4e/0x120 do_fault+0x3cf/0x7a0 __handle_mm_fault+0xa8c/0xf20 ? find_held_lock+0x39/0xd0 handle_mm_fault+0x1b6/0x480 do_user_addr_fault+0x320/0xcd0 ? rcu_read_lock_sched_held+0x67/0xc0 exc_page_fault+0x77/0x3f0 ? asm_exc_page_fault+0x8/0x30 asm_exc_page_fault+0x1e/0x30 Fixes: 83a3bfdb5a8a ("f2fs: indicate shutdown f2fs to allow unmount successfully") Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <chao@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
2021-08-23f2fs: introduce periodic iostat io latency tracesDaeho Jeong1-4/+15
Whenever we notice some sluggish issues on our machines, we are always curious about how well all types of I/O in the f2fs filesystem are handled. But, it's hard to get this kind of real data. First of all, we need to reproduce the issue while turning on the profiling tool like blktrace, but the issue doesn't happen again easily. Second, with the intervention of any tools, the overall timing of the issue will be slightly changed and it sometimes makes us hard to figure it out. So, I added the feature printing out IO latency statistics tracepoint events, which are minimal things to understand filesystem's I/O related behaviors, into F2FS_IOSTAT kernel config. With "iostat_enable" sysfs node on, we can get this statistics info in a periodic way and it would cause the least overhead. [samples] f2fs_ckpt-254:1-507 [003] .... 2842.439683: f2fs_iostat_latency: dev = (254,11), iotype [peak lat.(ms)/avg lat.(ms)/count], rd_data [136/1/801], rd_node [136/1/1704], rd_meta [4/2/4], wr_sync_data [164/16/3331], wr_sync_node [152/3/648], wr_sync_meta [160/2/4243], wr_async_data [24/13/15], wr_async_node [0/0/0], wr_async_meta [0/0/0] f2fs_ckpt-254:1-507 [002] .... 2845.450514: f2fs_iostat_latency: dev = (254,11), iotype [peak lat.(ms)/avg lat.(ms)/count], rd_data [60/3/456], rd_node [60/3/1258], rd_meta [0/0/1], wr_sync_data [120/12/2285], wr_sync_node [88/5/428], wr_sync_meta [52/6/2990], wr_async_data [4/1/3], wr_async_node [0/0/0], wr_async_meta [0/0/0] Signed-off-by: Daeho Jeong <daehojeong@google.com> Reviewed-by: Chao Yu <chao@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
2021-08-23f2fs: separate out iostat featureDaeho Jeong1-0/+1
Added F2FS_IOSTAT config option to support getting IO statistics through sysfs and printing out periodic IO statistics tracepoint events and moved I/O statistics related codes into separate files for better maintenance. Signed-off-by: Daeho Jeong <daehojeong@google.com> Reviewed-by: Chao Yu <chao@kernel.org> [Jaegeuk Kim: set default=y] Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
2021-08-17f2fs: compress: do sanity check on clusterChao Yu1-0/+7
This patch adds f2fs_sanity_check_cluster() to support doing sanity check on cluster of compressed file, it will be triggered from below two paths: - __f2fs_cluster_blocks() - f2fs_map_blocks(F2FS_GET_BLOCK_FIEMAP) And it can detect below three kind of cluster insanity status. C: COMPRESS_ADDR N: NULL_ADDR or NEW_ADDR V: valid blkaddr *: any value 1. [*|C|*|*] 2. [C|*|C|*] 3. [C|N|N|V] Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <chao@kernel.org> [Nathan Chancellor: fix missing inline warning] Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
2021-08-17f2fs: support fault injection for f2fs_kmem_cache_alloc()Chao Yu1-1/+1
This patch supports to inject fault into f2fs_kmem_cache_alloc(). Usage: a) echo 32768 > /sys/fs/f2fs/<dev>/inject_type or b) mount -o fault_type=32768 <dev> <mountpoint> Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <chao@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
2021-08-12f2fs: compress: avoid duplicate counting of valid blocks when read ↵Fengnan Chang1-5/+17
compressed file Since cluster is basic unit of compression, one cluster is compressed or not, so we can calculate valid blocks only for first page in cluster, the other pages just skip. Signed-off-by: Fengnan Chang <changfengnan@vivo.com> Reviewed-by: Chao Yu <chao@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
2021-08-05f2fs: extent cache: support unaligned extentChao Yu1-11/+27
Compressed inode may suffer read performance issue due to it can not use extent cache, so I propose to add this unaligned extent support to improve it. Currently, it only works in readonly format f2fs image. Unaligned extent: in one compressed cluster, physical block number will be less than logical block number, so we add an extra physical block length in extent info in order to indicate such extent status. The idea is if one whole cluster blocks are contiguous physically, once its mapping info was readed at first time, we will cache an unaligned (or aligned) extent info entry in extent cache, it expects that the mapping info will be hitted when rereading cluster. Merge policy: - Aligned extents can be merged. - Aligned extent and unaligned extent can not be merged. Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <chao@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>