summaryrefslogtreecommitdiff
path: root/tools/testing/selftests/nolibc/nolibc-test.c
blob: 94bb6e11c16f097f62d3b6c4c77451ea69bb3ee5 (plain)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
616
617
618
619
620
621
622
623
624
625
626
627
628
629
630
631
632
633
634
635
636
637
638
639
640
641
642
643
644
645
646
647
648
649
650
651
652
653
654
655
656
657
658
659
660
661
662
663
664
665
666
667
668
669
670
671
672
673
674
675
676
677
678
679
680
681
682
683
684
685
686
687
688
689
690
691
692
693
694
695
696
697
698
699
700
701
702
703
704
705
706
707
708
709
710
711
712
713
714
715
716
717
718
719
720
721
722
723
724
725
726
727
728
729
730
731
732
733
734
735
736
737
738
739
740
741
742
743
744
745
746
747
748
749
750
751
752
753
754
755
756
757
758
759
760
761
762
763
764
765
766
767
768
769
770
771
772
773
774
775
776
777
778
779
780
781
782
783
784
785
786
787
788
789
790
791
792
793
794
795
796
797
798
799
800
801
802
803
804
805
806
807
808
809
810
811
812
813
814
815
816
817
818
819
820
821
822
823
824
825
826
827
828
829
830
831
832
833
834
835
836
837
838
839
840
841
842
843
844
845
846
847
848
849
850
851
852
853
854
855
856
857
858
859
860
861
862
863
864
865
866
867
868
869
870
871
872
873
874
875
876
877
878
879
880
881
882
883
884
885
886
887
888
889
890
891
892
893
894
895
896
897
898
899
900
901
902
903
904
905
906
907
908
909
910
911
912
913
914
915
916
917
918
919
920
921
922
923
924
925
926
927
928
929
930
931
932
933
934
935
936
937
938
939
940
941
942
943
944
945
946
947
948
949
950
951
952
953
954
955
956
957
958
959
960
961
962
963
964
965
966
967
968
969
970
971
972
973
974
975
976
977
978
979
980
981
982
983
984
985
986
987
988
989
990
991
992
993
994
995
996
997
998
999
1000
1001
1002
1003
1004
1005
1006
1007
1008
1009
1010
1011
1012
1013
1014
1015
1016
1017
1018
1019
1020
1021
1022
1023
1024
1025
1026
1027
1028
1029
1030
1031
1032
1033
1034
1035
1036
1037
1038
1039
1040
1041
1042
1043
1044
1045
1046
1047
1048
1049
1050
1051
1052
1053
1054
1055
1056
1057
1058
1059
1060
1061
1062
1063
1064
1065
1066
1067
1068
1069
1070
1071
1072
1073
1074
1075
1076
1077
1078
1079
1080
1081
1082
1083
1084
1085
1086
1087
1088
1089
1090
1091
1092
1093
1094
1095
1096
1097
1098
1099
1100
1101
1102
1103
1104
1105
1106
1107
1108
1109
1110
1111
1112
1113
1114
1115
1116
1117
1118
1119
1120
1121
1122
1123
1124
1125
1126
1127
1128
1129
1130
1131
1132
1133
1134
1135
1136
1137
1138
1139
1140
1141
1142
1143
1144
1145
1146
1147
1148
1149
1150
1151
1152
1153
1154
1155
1156
1157
1158
1159
1160
1161
1162
1163
1164
1165
1166
1167
1168
1169
1170
1171
1172
1173
1174
1175
1176
1177
1178
1179
1180
1181
1182
1183
1184
1185
1186
1187
1188
1189
1190
1191
1192
1193
1194
1195
1196
1197
1198
1199
1200
1201
1202
1203
1204
1205
1206
1207
1208
1209
1210
1211
1212
1213
1214
1215
1216
1217
1218
1219
1220
1221
1222
1223
1224
1225
1226
1227
1228
1229
1230
1231
1232
1233
1234
1235
1236
1237
1238
1239
1240
1241
1242
1243
1244
1245
1246
1247
1248
1249
1250
1251
1252
1253
1254
1255
1256
1257
1258
1259
1260
1261
1262
1263
1264
1265
1266
1267
1268
1269
1270
1271
1272
1273
1274
1275
1276
1277
1278
1279
1280
1281
1282
1283
1284
1285
1286
1287
1288
1289
1290
1291
1292
1293
1294
1295
1296
1297
1298
1299
1300
1301
1302
1303
1304
1305
1306
1307
1308
1309
1310
1311
1312
1313
1314
1315
1316
1317
1318
1319
1320
1321
1322
1323
1324
1325
1326
1327
1328
1329
1330
1331
1332
1333
1334
1335
1336
1337
1338
1339
1340
1341
1342
1343
1344
1345
1346
1347
1348
1349
1350
1351
1352
1353
1354
1355
1356
1357
1358
1359
1360
1361
1362
1363
1364
1365
1366
1367
1368
1369
1370
1371
1372
1373
1374
1375
1376
1377
1378
1379
1380
1381
1382
1383
1384
1385
1386
1387
1388
1389
1390
1391
1392
1393
1394
1395
1396
1397
1398
1399
1400
1401
1402
1403
1404
1405
1406
1407
1408
1409
1410
1411
1412
1413
1414
1415
1416
1417
1418
1419
1420
1421
1422
1423
1424
1425
1426
1427
1428
1429
1430
1431
1432
1433
1434
1435
1436
1437
1438
1439
1440
1441
1442
1443
1444
1445
1446
1447
1448
1449
1450
1451
1452
1453
1454
1455
1456
1457
1458
1459
1460
1461
1462
1463
1464
1465
1466
1467
1468
1469
1470
1471
1472
1473
1474
1475
1476
1477
1478
1479
1480
1481
1482
1483
1484
1485
1486
1487
1488
1489
1490
1491
1492
1493
1494
1495
1496
1497
1498
1499
1500
1501
1502
1503
1504
1505
1506
1507
1508
1509
1510
1511
1512
1513
1514
1515
1516
1517
1518
1519
1520
/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */

#define _GNU_SOURCE
#define _LARGEFILE64_SOURCE

/* libc-specific include files
 * The program may be built in 3 ways:
 *   $(CC) -nostdlib -include /path/to/nolibc.h => NOLIBC already defined
 *   $(CC) -nostdlib -I/path/to/nolibc/sysroot  => _NOLIBC_* guards are present
 *   $(CC) with default libc                    => NOLIBC* never defined
 */
#ifndef NOLIBC
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#ifndef _NOLIBC_STDIO_H
/* standard libcs need more includes */
#include <sys/auxv.h>
#include <sys/io.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#include <sys/mman.h>
#include <sys/mount.h>
#include <sys/prctl.h>
#include <sys/reboot.h>
#include <sys/resource.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <sys/syscall.h>
#include <sys/sysmacros.h>
#include <sys/time.h>
#include <sys/utsname.h>
#include <sys/wait.h>
#include <dirent.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <poll.h>
#include <sched.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <stdarg.h>
#include <stddef.h>
#include <stdint.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <limits.h>
#endif
#endif

#include "nolibc-test-linkage.h"

/* for the type of int_fast16_t and int_fast32_t, musl differs from glibc and nolibc */
#define SINT_MAX_OF_TYPE(type) (((type)1 << (sizeof(type) * 8 - 2)) - (type)1 + ((type)1 << (sizeof(type) * 8 - 2)))
#define SINT_MIN_OF_TYPE(type) (-SINT_MAX_OF_TYPE(type) - 1)

/* will be used to test initialization of environ */
static char **test_envp;

/* will be used to test initialization of argv */
static char **test_argv;

/* will be used to test initialization of argc */
static int test_argc;

/* will be used by some test cases as readable file, please don't write it */
static const char *argv0;

/* will be used by constructor tests */
static int constructor_test_value;

/* definition of a series of tests */
struct test {
	const char *name;              /* test name */
	int (*func)(int min, int max); /* handler */
};

#ifndef _NOLIBC_STDLIB_H
char *itoa(int i)
{
	static char buf[12];
	int ret;

	ret = snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%d", i);
	return (ret >= 0 && ret < sizeof(buf)) ? buf : "#err";
}
#endif

#define CASE_ERR(err) \
	case err: return #err

/* returns the error name (e.g. "ENOENT") for common errors, "SUCCESS" for 0,
 * or the decimal value for less common ones.
 */
static const char *errorname(int err)
{
	switch (err) {
	case 0: return "SUCCESS";
	CASE_ERR(EPERM);
	CASE_ERR(ENOENT);
	CASE_ERR(ESRCH);
	CASE_ERR(EINTR);
	CASE_ERR(EIO);
	CASE_ERR(ENXIO);
	CASE_ERR(E2BIG);
	CASE_ERR(ENOEXEC);
	CASE_ERR(EBADF);
	CASE_ERR(ECHILD);
	CASE_ERR(EAGAIN);
	CASE_ERR(ENOMEM);
	CASE_ERR(EACCES);
	CASE_ERR(EFAULT);
	CASE_ERR(ENOTBLK);
	CASE_ERR(EBUSY);
	CASE_ERR(EEXIST);
	CASE_ERR(EXDEV);
	CASE_ERR(ENODEV);
	CASE_ERR(ENOTDIR);
	CASE_ERR(EISDIR);
	CASE_ERR(EINVAL);
	CASE_ERR(ENFILE);
	CASE_ERR(EMFILE);
	CASE_ERR(ENOTTY);
	CASE_ERR(ETXTBSY);
	CASE_ERR(EFBIG);
	CASE_ERR(ENOSPC);
	CASE_ERR(ESPIPE);
	CASE_ERR(EROFS);
	CASE_ERR(EMLINK);
	CASE_ERR(EPIPE);
	CASE_ERR(EDOM);
	CASE_ERR(ERANGE);
	CASE_ERR(ENOSYS);
	CASE_ERR(EOVERFLOW);
	default:
		return itoa(err);
	}
}

static void align_result(size_t llen)
{
	const size_t align = 64;
	char buf[align];
	size_t n;

	if (llen >= align)
		return;

	n = align - llen;
	memset(buf, ' ', n);
	buf[n] = '\0';
	fputs(buf, stdout);
}

enum RESULT {
	OK,
	FAIL,
	SKIPPED,
};

static void result(int llen, enum RESULT r)
{
	const char *msg;

	if (r == OK)
		msg = "  [OK]";
	else if (r == SKIPPED)
		msg = "[SKIPPED]";
	else
		msg = " [FAIL]";

	align_result(llen);
	puts(msg);
}

/* The tests below are intended to be used by the macroes, which evaluate
 * expression <expr>, print the status to stdout, and update the "ret"
 * variable to count failures. The functions themselves return the number
 * of failures, thus either 0 or 1.
 */

#define EXPECT_ZR(cond, expr)				\
	do { if (!(cond)) result(llen, SKIPPED); else ret += expect_zr(expr, llen); } while (0)

static __attribute__((unused))
int expect_zr(int expr, int llen)
{
	int ret = !(expr == 0);

	llen += printf(" = %d ", expr);
	result(llen, ret ? FAIL : OK);
	return ret;
}


#define EXPECT_NZ(cond, expr, val)			\
	do { if (!(cond)) result(llen, SKIPPED); else ret += expect_nz(expr, llen; } while (0)

static __attribute__((unused))
int expect_nz(int expr, int llen)
{
	int ret = !(expr != 0);

	llen += printf(" = %d ", expr);
	result(llen, ret ? FAIL : OK);
	return ret;
}


#define EXPECT_EQ(cond, expr, val)				\
	do { if (!(cond)) result(llen, SKIPPED); else ret += expect_eq(expr, llen, val); } while (0)

static __attribute__((unused))
int expect_eq(uint64_t expr, int llen, uint64_t val)
{
	int ret = !(expr == val);

	llen += printf(" = %lld ", (long long)expr);
	result(llen, ret ? FAIL : OK);
	return ret;
}


#define EXPECT_NE(cond, expr, val)				\
	do { if (!(cond)) result(llen, SKIPPED); else ret += expect_ne(expr, llen, val); } while (0)

static __attribute__((unused))
int expect_ne(int expr, int llen, int val)
{
	int ret = !(expr != val);

	llen += printf(" = %d ", expr);
	result(llen, ret ? FAIL : OK);
	return ret;
}


#define EXPECT_GE(cond, expr, val)				\
	do { if (!(cond)) result(llen, SKIPPED); else ret += expect_ge(expr, llen, val); } while (0)

static __attribute__((unused))
int expect_ge(int expr, int llen, int val)
{
	int ret = !(expr >= val);

	llen += printf(" = %d ", expr);
	result(llen, ret ? FAIL : OK);
	return ret;
}


#define EXPECT_GT(cond, expr, val)				\
	do { if (!(cond)) result(llen, SKIPPED); else ret += expect_gt(expr, llen, val); } while (0)

static __attribute__((unused))
int expect_gt(int expr, int llen, int val)
{
	int ret = !(expr > val);

	llen += printf(" = %d ", expr);
	result(llen, ret ? FAIL : OK);
	return ret;
}


#define EXPECT_LE(cond, expr, val)				\
	do { if (!(cond)) result(llen, SKIPPED); else ret += expect_le(expr, llen, val); } while (0)

static __attribute__((unused))
int expect_le(int expr, int llen, int val)
{
	int ret = !(expr <= val);

	llen += printf(" = %d ", expr);
	result(llen, ret ? FAIL : OK);
	return ret;
}


#define EXPECT_LT(cond, expr, val)				\
	do { if (!(cond)) result(llen, SKIPPED); else ret += expect_lt(expr, llen, val); } while (0)

static __attribute__((unused))
int expect_lt(int expr, int llen, int val)
{
	int ret = !(expr < val);

	llen += printf(" = %d ", expr);
	result(llen, ret ? FAIL : OK);
	return ret;
}


#define EXPECT_SYSZR(cond, expr)				\
	do { if (!(cond)) result(llen, SKIPPED); else ret += expect_syszr(expr, llen); } while (0)

static __attribute__((unused))
int expect_syszr(int expr, int llen)
{
	int ret = 0;

	if (expr) {
		ret = 1;
		llen += printf(" = %d %s ", expr, errorname(errno));
		result(llen, FAIL);
	} else {
		llen += printf(" = %d ", expr);
		result(llen, OK);
	}
	return ret;
}


#define EXPECT_SYSEQ(cond, expr, val)				\
	do { if (!(cond)) result(llen, SKIPPED); else ret += expect_syseq(expr, llen, val); } while (0)

static __attribute__((unused))
int expect_syseq(int expr, int llen, int val)
{
	int ret = 0;

	if (expr != val) {
		ret = 1;
		llen += printf(" = %d %s ", expr, errorname(errno));
		result(llen, FAIL);
	} else {
		llen += printf(" = %d ", expr);
		result(llen, OK);
	}
	return ret;
}


#define EXPECT_SYSNE(cond, expr, val)				\
	do { if (!(cond)) result(llen, SKIPPED); else ret += expect_sysne(expr, llen, val); } while (0)

static __attribute__((unused))
int expect_sysne(int expr, int llen, int val)
{
	int ret = 0;

	if (expr == val) {
		ret = 1;
		llen += printf(" = %d %s ", expr, errorname(errno));
		result(llen, FAIL);
	} else {
		llen += printf(" = %d ", expr);
		result(llen, OK);
	}
	return ret;
}


#define EXPECT_SYSER2(cond, expr, expret, experr1, experr2)		\
	do { if (!(cond)) result(llen, SKIPPED); else ret += expect_syserr2(expr, expret, experr1, experr2, llen); } while (0)

#define EXPECT_SYSER(cond, expr, expret, experr)			\
	EXPECT_SYSER2(cond, expr, expret, experr, 0)

static __attribute__((unused))
int expect_syserr2(int expr, int expret, int experr1, int experr2, int llen)
{
	int ret = 0;
	int _errno = errno;

	llen += printf(" = %d %s ", expr, errorname(_errno));
	if (expr != expret || (_errno != experr1 && _errno != experr2)) {
		ret = 1;
		if (experr2 == 0)
			llen += printf(" != (%d %s) ", expret, errorname(experr1));
		else
			llen += printf(" != (%d %s %s) ", expret, errorname(experr1), errorname(experr2));
		result(llen, FAIL);
	} else {
		result(llen, OK);
	}
	return ret;
}


#define EXPECT_PTRZR(cond, expr)				\
	do { if (!(cond)) result(llen, SKIPPED); else ret += expect_ptrzr(expr, llen); } while (0)

static __attribute__((unused))
int expect_ptrzr(const void *expr, int llen)
{
	int ret = 0;

	llen += printf(" = <%p> ", expr);
	if (expr) {
		ret = 1;
		result(llen, FAIL);
	} else {
		result(llen, OK);
	}
	return ret;
}


#define EXPECT_PTRNZ(cond, expr)				\
	do { if (!(cond)) result(llen, SKIPPED); else ret += expect_ptrnz(expr, llen); } while (0)

static __attribute__((unused))
int expect_ptrnz(const void *expr, int llen)
{
	int ret = 0;

	llen += printf(" = <%p> ", expr);
	if (!expr) {
		ret = 1;
		result(llen, FAIL);
	} else {
		result(llen, OK);
	}
	return ret;
}

#define EXPECT_PTREQ(cond, expr, cmp)				\
	do { if (!(cond)) result(llen, SKIPPED); else ret += expect_ptreq(expr, llen, cmp); } while (0)

static __attribute__((unused))
int expect_ptreq(const void *expr, int llen, const void *cmp)
{
	int ret = 0;

	llen += printf(" = <%p> ", expr);
	if (expr != cmp) {
		ret = 1;
		result(llen, FAIL);
	} else {
		result(llen, OK);
	}
	return ret;
}

#define EXPECT_PTRNE(cond, expr, cmp)				\
	do { if (!(cond)) result(llen, SKIPPED); else ret += expect_ptrne(expr, llen, cmp); } while (0)

static __attribute__((unused))
int expect_ptrne(const void *expr, int llen, const void *cmp)
{
	int ret = 0;

	llen += printf(" = <%p> ", expr);
	if (expr == cmp) {
		ret = 1;
		result(llen, FAIL);
	} else {
		result(llen, OK);
	}
	return ret;
}

#define EXPECT_PTRGE(cond, expr, cmp)				\
	do { if (!(cond)) result(llen, SKIPPED); else ret += expect_ptrge(expr, llen, cmp); } while (0)

static __attribute__((unused))
int expect_ptrge(const void *expr, int llen, const void *cmp)
{
	int ret = !(expr >= cmp);

	llen += printf(" = <%p> ", expr);
	result(llen, ret ? FAIL : OK);
	return ret;
}

#define EXPECT_PTRGT(cond, expr, cmp)				\
	do { if (!(cond)) result(llen, SKIPPED); else ret += expect_ptrgt(expr, llen, cmp); } while (0)

static __attribute__((unused))
int expect_ptrgt(const void *expr, int llen, const void *cmp)
{
	int ret = !(expr > cmp);

	llen += printf(" = <%p> ", expr);
	result(llen, ret ? FAIL : OK);
	return ret;
}


#define EXPECT_PTRLE(cond, expr, cmp)				\
	do { if (!(cond)) result(llen, SKIPPED); else ret += expect_ptrle(expr, llen, cmp); } while (0)

static __attribute__((unused))
int expect_ptrle(const void *expr, int llen, const void *cmp)
{
	int ret = !(expr <= cmp);

	llen += printf(" = <%p> ", expr);
	result(llen, ret ? FAIL : OK);
	return ret;
}


#define EXPECT_PTRLT(cond, expr, cmp)				\
	do { if (!(cond)) result(llen, SKIPPED); else ret += expect_ptrlt(expr, llen, cmp); } while (0)

static __attribute__((unused))
int expect_ptrlt(const void *expr, int llen, const void *cmp)
{
	int ret = !(expr < cmp);

	llen += printf(" = <%p> ", expr);
	result(llen, ret ? FAIL : OK);
	return ret;
}

#define EXPECT_PTRER2(cond, expr, expret, experr1, experr2)		\
	do { if (!(cond)) result(llen, SKIPPED); else ret += expect_ptrerr2(expr, expret, experr1, experr2, llen); } while (0)

#define EXPECT_PTRER(cond, expr, expret, experr)			\
	EXPECT_PTRER2(cond, expr, expret, experr, 0)

static __attribute__((unused))
int expect_ptrerr2(const void *expr, const void *expret, int experr1, int experr2, int llen)
{
	int ret = 0;
	int _errno = errno;

	llen += printf(" = <%p> %s ", expr, errorname(_errno));
	if (expr != expret || (_errno != experr1 && _errno != experr2)) {
		ret = 1;
		if (experr2 == 0)
			llen += printf(" != (<%p> %s) ", expret, errorname(experr1));
		else
			llen += printf(" != (<%p> %s %s) ", expret, errorname(experr1), errorname(experr2));
		result(llen, FAIL);
	} else {
		result(llen, OK);
	}
	return ret;
}

#define EXPECT_STRZR(cond, expr)				\
	do { if (!(cond)) result(llen, SKIPPED); else ret += expect_strzr(expr, llen); } while (0)

static __attribute__((unused))
int expect_strzr(const char *expr, int llen)
{
	int ret = 0;

	llen += printf(" = <%s> ", expr);
	if (expr) {
		ret = 1;
		result(llen, FAIL);
	} else {
		result(llen, OK);
	}
	return ret;
}


#define EXPECT_STRNZ(cond, expr)				\
	do { if (!(cond)) result(llen, SKIPPED); else ret += expect_strnz(expr, llen); } while (0)

static __attribute__((unused))
int expect_strnz(const char *expr, int llen)
{
	int ret = 0;

	llen += printf(" = <%s> ", expr);
	if (!expr) {
		ret = 1;
		result(llen, FAIL);
	} else {
		result(llen, OK);
	}
	return ret;
}


#define EXPECT_STREQ(cond, expr, cmp)				\
	do { if (!(cond)) result(llen, SKIPPED); else ret += expect_streq(expr, llen, cmp); } while (0)

static __attribute__((unused))
int expect_streq(const char *expr, int llen, const char *cmp)
{
	int ret = 0;

	llen += printf(" = <%s> ", expr);
	if (strcmp(expr, cmp) != 0) {
		ret = 1;
		result(llen, FAIL);
	} else {
		result(llen, OK);
	}
	return ret;
}


#define EXPECT_STRNE(cond, expr, cmp)				\
	do { if (!(cond)) result(llen, SKIPPED); else ret += expect_strne(expr, llen, cmp); } while (0)

static __attribute__((unused))
int expect_strne(const char *expr, int llen, const char *cmp)
{
	int ret = 0;

	llen += printf(" = <%s> ", expr);
	if (strcmp(expr, cmp) == 0) {
		ret = 1;
		result(llen, FAIL);
	} else {
		result(llen, OK);
	}
	return ret;
}

#define EXPECT_STRBUFEQ(cond, expr, buf, val, cmp)				\
	do { if (!(cond)) result(llen, SKIPPED); else ret += expect_str_buf_eq(expr, buf, val, llen, cmp); } while (0)

static __attribute__((unused))
int expect_str_buf_eq(size_t expr, const char *buf, size_t val, int llen, const char *cmp)
{
	llen += printf(" = %lu <%s> ", expr, buf);
	if (strcmp(buf, cmp) != 0) {
		result(llen, FAIL);
		return 1;
	}
	if (expr != val) {
		result(llen, FAIL);
		return 1;
	}

	result(llen, OK);
	return 0;
}

/* declare tests based on line numbers. There must be exactly one test per line. */
#define CASE_TEST(name) \
	case __LINE__: llen += printf("%d %s", test, #name);

/* constructors validate that they are executed in definition order */
__attribute__((constructor))
static void constructor1(void)
{
	constructor_test_value = 1;
}

__attribute__((constructor))
static void constructor2(void)
{
	constructor_test_value *= 2;
}

int run_startup(int min, int max)
{
	int test;
	int ret = 0;
	/* kernel at least passes HOME and TERM, shell passes more */
	int env_total = 2;
	/* checking NULL for argv/argv0, environ and _auxv is not enough, let's compare with sbrk(0) or &end */
	extern char end;
	char *brk = sbrk(0) != (void *)-1 ? sbrk(0) : &end;
	/* differ from nolibc, both glibc and musl have no global _auxv */
	const unsigned long *test_auxv = (void *)-1;
#ifdef NOLIBC
	test_auxv = _auxv;
#endif

	for (test = min; test >= 0 && test <= max; test++) {
		int llen = 0; /* line length */

		/* avoid leaving empty lines below, this will insert holes into
		 * test numbers.
		 */
		switch (test + __LINE__ + 1) {
		CASE_TEST(argc);             EXPECT_GE(1, test_argc, 1); break;
		CASE_TEST(argv_addr);        EXPECT_PTRGT(1, test_argv, brk); break;
		CASE_TEST(argv_environ);     EXPECT_PTRLT(1, test_argv, environ); break;
		CASE_TEST(argv_total);       EXPECT_EQ(1, environ - test_argv - 1, test_argc ?: 1); break;
		CASE_TEST(argv0_addr);       EXPECT_PTRGT(1, argv0, brk); break;
		CASE_TEST(argv0_str);        EXPECT_STRNZ(1, argv0 > brk ? argv0 : NULL); break;
		CASE_TEST(argv0_len);        EXPECT_GE(1,  argv0 > brk ? strlen(argv0) : 0, 1); break;
		CASE_TEST(environ_addr);     EXPECT_PTRGT(1, environ, brk); break;
		CASE_TEST(environ_envp);     EXPECT_PTREQ(1, environ, test_envp); break;
		CASE_TEST(environ_auxv);     EXPECT_PTRLT(test_auxv != (void *)-1, environ, test_auxv); break;
		CASE_TEST(environ_total);    EXPECT_GE(test_auxv != (void *)-1, (void *)test_auxv - (void *)environ - 1, env_total); break;
		CASE_TEST(environ_HOME);     EXPECT_PTRNZ(1, getenv("HOME")); break;
		CASE_TEST(auxv_addr);        EXPECT_PTRGT(test_auxv != (void *)-1, test_auxv, brk); break;
		CASE_TEST(auxv_AT_UID);      EXPECT_EQ(1, getauxval(AT_UID), getuid()); break;
		CASE_TEST(constructor);      EXPECT_EQ(1, constructor_test_value, 2); break;
		CASE_TEST(linkage_errno);    EXPECT_PTREQ(1, linkage_test_errno_addr(), &errno); break;
		CASE_TEST(linkage_constr);   EXPECT_EQ(1, linkage_test_constructor_test_value, 6); break;
		case __LINE__:
			return ret; /* must be last */
		/* note: do not set any defaults so as to permit holes above */
		}
	}
	return ret;
}


/* used by some syscall tests below */
int test_getdents64(const char *dir)
{
	char buffer[4096];
	int fd, ret;
	int err;

	ret = fd = open(dir, O_RDONLY | O_DIRECTORY, 0);
	if (ret < 0)
		return ret;

	ret = getdents64(fd, (void *)buffer, sizeof(buffer));
	err = errno;
	close(fd);

	errno = err;
	return ret;
}

int test_getpagesize(void)
{
	int x = getpagesize();
	int c;

	if (x < 0)
		return x;

#if defined(__x86_64__) || defined(__i386__) || defined(__i486__) || defined(__i586__) || defined(__i686__)
	/*
	 * x86 family is always 4K page.
	 */
	c = (x == 4096);
#elif defined(__aarch64__)
	/*
	 * Linux aarch64 supports three values of page size: 4K, 16K, and 64K
	 * which are selected at kernel compilation time.
	 */
	c = (x == 4096 || x == (16 * 1024) || x == (64 * 1024));
#else
	/*
	 * Assuming other architectures must have at least 4K page.
	 */
	c = (x >= 4096);
#endif

	return !c;
}

int test_fork(void)
{
	int status;
	pid_t pid;

	/* flush the printf buffer to avoid child flush it */
	fflush(stdout);
	fflush(stderr);

	pid = fork();

	switch (pid) {
	case -1:
		return 1;

	case 0:
		exit(123);

	default:
		pid = waitpid(pid, &status, 0);

		return pid == -1 || !WIFEXITED(status) || WEXITSTATUS(status) != 123;
	}
}

int test_stat_timestamps(void)
{
	struct stat st;

	if (sizeof(st.st_atim.tv_sec) != sizeof(st.st_atime))
		return 1;

	if (stat("/proc/self/", &st) && stat(argv0, &st) && stat("/", &st))
		return 1;

	if (st.st_atim.tv_sec != st.st_atime || st.st_atim.tv_nsec > 1000000000)
		return 1;

	if (st.st_mtim.tv_sec != st.st_mtime || st.st_mtim.tv_nsec > 1000000000)
		return 1;

	if (st.st_ctim.tv_sec != st.st_ctime || st.st_ctim.tv_nsec > 1000000000)
		return 1;

	return 0;
}

int test_uname(void)
{
	struct utsname buf;
	char osrelease[sizeof(buf.release)];
	ssize_t r;
	int fd;

	memset(&buf.domainname, 'P', sizeof(buf.domainname));

	if (uname(&buf))
		return 1;

	if (strncmp("Linux", buf.sysname, sizeof(buf.sysname)))
		return 1;

	fd = open("/proc/sys/kernel/osrelease", O_RDONLY);
	if (fd == -1)
		return 1;

	r = read(fd, osrelease, sizeof(osrelease));
	if (r == -1)
		return 1;

	close(fd);

	if (osrelease[r - 1] == '\n')
		r--;

	/* Validate one of the later fields to ensure field sizes are correct */
	if (strncmp(osrelease, buf.release, r))
		return 1;

	/* Ensure the field domainname is set, it is missing from struct old_utsname */
	if (strnlen(buf.domainname, sizeof(buf.domainname)) == sizeof(buf.domainname))
		return 1;

	return 0;
}

int test_mmap_munmap(void)
{
	int ret, fd, i, page_size;
	void *mem;
	size_t file_size, length;
	off_t offset, pa_offset;
	struct stat stat_buf;
	const char * const files[] = {
		"/dev/zero",
		"/proc/1/exe", "/proc/self/exe",
		argv0,
		NULL
	};

	page_size = getpagesize();
	if (page_size < 0)
		return 1;

	/* find a right file to mmap, existed and accessible */
	for (i = 0; files[i] != NULL; i++) {
		ret = fd = open(files[i], O_RDONLY);
		if (ret == -1)
			continue;
		else
			break;
	}
	if (ret == -1)
		return 1;

	ret = stat(files[i], &stat_buf);
	if (ret == -1)
		goto end;

	/* file size of the special /dev/zero is 0, let's assign one manually */
	if (i == 0)
		file_size = 3*page_size;
	else
		file_size = stat_buf.st_size;

	offset = file_size - 1;
	if (offset < 0)
		offset = 0;
	length = file_size - offset;
	pa_offset = offset & ~(page_size - 1);

	mem = mmap(NULL, length + offset - pa_offset, PROT_READ, MAP_SHARED, fd, pa_offset);
	if (mem == MAP_FAILED) {
		ret = 1;
		goto end;
	}

	ret = munmap(mem, length + offset - pa_offset);

end:
	close(fd);
	return !!ret;
}

int test_pipe(void)
{
	const char *const msg = "hello, nolibc";
	int pipefd[2];
	char buf[32];
	size_t len;

	if (pipe(pipefd) == -1)
		return 1;

	write(pipefd[1], msg, strlen(msg));
	close(pipefd[1]);
	len = read(pipefd[0], buf, sizeof(buf));
	close(pipefd[0]);

	if (len != strlen(msg))
		return 1;

	return !!memcmp(buf, msg, len);
}

int test_rlimit(void)
{
	struct rlimit rlim = {
		.rlim_cur = 1 << 20,
		.rlim_max = 1 << 21,
	};
	int ret;

	ret = setrlimit(RLIMIT_CORE, &rlim);
	if (ret)
		return -1;

	rlim.rlim_cur = 0;
	rlim.rlim_max = 0;

	ret = getrlimit(RLIMIT_CORE, &rlim);
	if (ret)
		return -1;

	if (rlim.rlim_cur != 1 << 20)
		return -1;
	if (rlim.rlim_max != 1 << 21)
		return -1;

	return 0;
}


/* Run syscall tests between IDs <min> and <max>.
 * Return 0 on success, non-zero on failure.
 */
int run_syscall(int min, int max)
{
	struct timeval tv;
	struct timezone tz;
	struct stat stat_buf;
	int euid0;
	int proc;
	int test;
	int tmp;
	int ret = 0;
	void *p1, *p2;
	int has_gettid = 1;

	/* <proc> indicates whether or not /proc is mounted */
	proc = stat("/proc", &stat_buf) == 0;

	/* this will be used to skip certain tests that can't be run unprivileged */
	euid0 = geteuid() == 0;

	/* from 2.30, glibc provides gettid() */
#if defined(__GLIBC_MINOR__) && defined(__GLIBC__)
	has_gettid = __GLIBC__ > 2 || (__GLIBC__ == 2 && __GLIBC_MINOR__ >= 30);
#endif

	for (test = min; test >= 0 && test <= max; test++) {
		int llen = 0; /* line length */

		/* avoid leaving empty lines below, this will insert holes into
		 * test numbers.
		 */
		switch (test + __LINE__ + 1) {
		CASE_TEST(getpid);            EXPECT_SYSNE(1, getpid(), -1); break;
		CASE_TEST(getppid);           EXPECT_SYSNE(1, getppid(), -1); break;
		CASE_TEST(gettid);            EXPECT_SYSNE(has_gettid, gettid(), -1); break;
		CASE_TEST(getpgid_self);      EXPECT_SYSNE(1, getpgid(0), -1); break;
		CASE_TEST(getpgid_bad);       EXPECT_SYSER(1, getpgid(-1), -1, ESRCH); break;
		CASE_TEST(kill_0);            EXPECT_SYSZR(1, kill(getpid(), 0)); break;
		CASE_TEST(kill_CONT);         EXPECT_SYSZR(1, kill(getpid(), 0)); break;
		CASE_TEST(kill_BADPID);       EXPECT_SYSER(1, kill(INT_MAX, 0), -1, ESRCH); break;
		CASE_TEST(sbrk_0);            EXPECT_PTRNE(1, sbrk(0), (void *)-1); break;
		CASE_TEST(sbrk);              if ((p1 = p2 = sbrk(4096)) != (void *)-1) p2 = sbrk(-4096); EXPECT_SYSZR(1, (p2 == (void *)-1) || p2 == p1); break;
		CASE_TEST(brk);               EXPECT_SYSZR(1, brk(sbrk(0))); break;
		CASE_TEST(chdir_root);        EXPECT_SYSZR(1, chdir("/")); chdir(getenv("PWD")); break;
		CASE_TEST(chdir_dot);         EXPECT_SYSZR(1, chdir(".")); break;
		CASE_TEST(chdir_blah);        EXPECT_SYSER(1, chdir("/blah"), -1, ENOENT); break;
		CASE_TEST(chmod_argv0);       EXPECT_SYSZR(1, chmod(argv0, 0555)); break;
		CASE_TEST(chmod_self);        EXPECT_SYSER(proc, chmod("/proc/self", 0555), -1, EPERM); break;
		CASE_TEST(chown_self);        EXPECT_SYSER(proc, chown("/proc/self", 0, 0), -1, EPERM); break;
		CASE_TEST(chroot_root);       EXPECT_SYSZR(euid0, chroot("/")); break;
		CASE_TEST(chroot_blah);       EXPECT_SYSER(1, chroot("/proc/self/blah"), -1, ENOENT); break;
		CASE_TEST(chroot_exe);        EXPECT_SYSER(1, chroot(argv0), -1, ENOTDIR); break;
		CASE_TEST(close_m1);          EXPECT_SYSER(1, close(-1), -1, EBADF); break;
		CASE_TEST(close_dup);         EXPECT_SYSZR(1, close(dup(0))); break;
		CASE_TEST(dup_0);             tmp = dup(0);  EXPECT_SYSNE(1, tmp, -1); close(tmp); break;
		CASE_TEST(dup_m1);            tmp = dup(-1); EXPECT_SYSER(1, tmp, -1, EBADF); if (tmp != -1) close(tmp); break;
		CASE_TEST(dup2_0);            tmp = dup2(0, 100);  EXPECT_SYSNE(1, tmp, -1); close(tmp); break;
		CASE_TEST(dup2_m1);           tmp = dup2(-1, 100); EXPECT_SYSER(1, tmp, -1, EBADF); if (tmp != -1) close(tmp); break;
		CASE_TEST(dup3_0);            tmp = dup3(0, 100, 0);  EXPECT_SYSNE(1, tmp, -1); close(tmp); break;
		CASE_TEST(dup3_m1);           tmp = dup3(-1, 100, 0); EXPECT_SYSER(1, tmp, -1, EBADF); if (tmp != -1) close(tmp); break;
		CASE_TEST(execve_root);       EXPECT_SYSER(1, execve("/", (char*[]){ [0] = "/", [1] = NULL }, NULL), -1, EACCES); break;
		CASE_TEST(fork);              EXPECT_SYSZR(1, test_fork()); break;
		CASE_TEST(getdents64_root);   EXPECT_SYSNE(1, test_getdents64("/"), -1); break;
		CASE_TEST(getdents64_null);   EXPECT_SYSER(1, test_getdents64("/dev/null"), -1, ENOTDIR); break;
		CASE_TEST(gettimeofday_tv);   EXPECT_SYSZR(1, gettimeofday(&tv, NULL)); break;
		CASE_TEST(gettimeofday_tv_tz);EXPECT_SYSZR(1, gettimeofday(&tv, &tz)); break;
		CASE_TEST(getpagesize);       EXPECT_SYSZR(1, test_getpagesize()); break;
		CASE_TEST(ioctl_tiocinq);     EXPECT_SYSZR(1, ioctl(0, TIOCINQ, &tmp)); break;
		CASE_TEST(link_root1);        EXPECT_SYSER(1, link("/", "/"), -1, EEXIST); break;
		CASE_TEST(link_blah);         EXPECT_SYSER(1, link("/proc/self/blah", "/blah"), -1, ENOENT); break;
		CASE_TEST(link_dir);          EXPECT_SYSER(euid0, link("/", "/blah"), -1, EPERM); break;
		CASE_TEST(link_cross);        EXPECT_SYSER(proc, link("/proc/self/cmdline", "/blah"), -1, EXDEV); break;
		CASE_TEST(lseek_m1);          EXPECT_SYSER(1, lseek(-1, 0, SEEK_SET), -1, EBADF); break;
		CASE_TEST(lseek_0);           EXPECT_SYSER(1, lseek(0, 0, SEEK_SET), -1, ESPIPE); break;
		CASE_TEST(mkdir_root);        EXPECT_SYSER(1, mkdir("/", 0755), -1, EEXIST); break;
		CASE_TEST(mmap_bad);          EXPECT_PTRER(1, mmap(NULL, 0, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 0, 0), MAP_FAILED, EINVAL); break;
		CASE_TEST(munmap_bad);        EXPECT_SYSER(1, munmap(NULL, 0), -1, EINVAL); break;
		CASE_TEST(mmap_munmap_good);  EXPECT_SYSZR(1, test_mmap_munmap()); break;
		CASE_TEST(open_tty);          EXPECT_SYSNE(1, tmp = open("/dev/null", 0), -1); if (tmp != -1) close(tmp); break;
		CASE_TEST(open_blah);         EXPECT_SYSER(1, tmp = open("/proc/self/blah", 0), -1, ENOENT); if (tmp != -1) close(tmp); break;
		CASE_TEST(pipe);              EXPECT_SYSZR(1, test_pipe()); break;
		CASE_TEST(poll_null);         EXPECT_SYSZR(1, poll(NULL, 0, 0)); break;
		CASE_TEST(poll_stdout);       EXPECT_SYSNE(1, ({ struct pollfd fds = { 1, POLLOUT, 0}; poll(&fds, 1, 0); }), -1); break;
		CASE_TEST(poll_fault);        EXPECT_SYSER(1, poll(NULL, 1, 0), -1, EFAULT); break;
		CASE_TEST(prctl);             EXPECT_SYSER(1, prctl(PR_SET_NAME, (unsigned long)NULL, 0, 0, 0), -1, EFAULT); break;
		CASE_TEST(read_badf);         EXPECT_SYSER(1, read(-1, &tmp, 1), -1, EBADF); break;
		CASE_TEST(rlimit);            EXPECT_SYSZR(1, test_rlimit()); break;
		CASE_TEST(rmdir_blah);        EXPECT_SYSER(1, rmdir("/blah"), -1, ENOENT); break;
		CASE_TEST(sched_yield);       EXPECT_SYSZR(1, sched_yield()); break;
		CASE_TEST(select_null);       EXPECT_SYSZR(1, ({ struct timeval tv = { 0 }; select(0, NULL, NULL, NULL, &tv); })); break;
		CASE_TEST(select_stdout);     EXPECT_SYSNE(1, ({ fd_set fds; FD_ZERO(&fds); FD_SET(1, &fds); select(2, NULL, &fds, NULL, NULL); }), -1); break;
		CASE_TEST(select_fault);      EXPECT_SYSER(1, select(1, (void *)1, NULL, NULL, 0), -1, EFAULT); break;
		CASE_TEST(stat_blah);         EXPECT_SYSER(1, stat("/proc/self/blah", &stat_buf), -1, ENOENT); break;
		CASE_TEST(stat_fault);        EXPECT_SYSER(1, stat(NULL, &stat_buf), -1, EFAULT); break;
		CASE_TEST(stat_timestamps);   EXPECT_SYSZR(1, test_stat_timestamps()); break;
		CASE_TEST(symlink_root);      EXPECT_SYSER(1, symlink("/", "/"), -1, EEXIST); break;
		CASE_TEST(uname);             EXPECT_SYSZR(proc, test_uname()); break;
		CASE_TEST(uname_fault);       EXPECT_SYSER(1, uname(NULL), -1, EFAULT); break;
		CASE_TEST(unlink_root);       EXPECT_SYSER(1, unlink("/"), -1, EISDIR); break;
		CASE_TEST(unlink_blah);       EXPECT_SYSER(1, unlink("/proc/self/blah"), -1, ENOENT); break;
		CASE_TEST(wait_child);        EXPECT_SYSER(1, wait(&tmp), -1, ECHILD); break;
		CASE_TEST(waitpid_min);       EXPECT_SYSER(1, waitpid(INT_MIN, &tmp, WNOHANG), -1, ESRCH); break;
		CASE_TEST(waitpid_child);     EXPECT_SYSER(1, waitpid(getpid(), &tmp, WNOHANG), -1, ECHILD); break;
		CASE_TEST(write_badf);        EXPECT_SYSER(1, write(-1, &tmp, 1), -1, EBADF); break;
		CASE_TEST(write_zero);        EXPECT_SYSZR(1, write(1, &tmp, 0)); break;
		CASE_TEST(syscall_noargs);    EXPECT_SYSEQ(1, syscall(__NR_getpid), getpid()); break;
		CASE_TEST(syscall_args);      EXPECT_SYSER(1, syscall(__NR_statx, 0, NULL, 0, 0, NULL), -1, EFAULT); break;
		case __LINE__:
			return ret; /* must be last */
		/* note: do not set any defaults so as to permit holes above */
		}
	}
	return ret;
}

int run_stdlib(int min, int max)
{
	int test;
	int ret = 0;

	for (test = min; test >= 0 && test <= max; test++) {
		int llen = 0; /* line length */

		/* For functions that take a long buffer, like strlcat()
		 * Add some more chars after the \0, to test functions that overwrite the buffer set
		 * the \0 at the exact right position.
		 */
		char buf[10] = "test123456";
		buf[4] = '\0';


		/* avoid leaving empty lines below, this will insert holes into
		 * test numbers.
		 */
		switch (test + __LINE__ + 1) {
		CASE_TEST(getenv_TERM);        EXPECT_STRNZ(1, getenv("TERM")); break;
		CASE_TEST(getenv_blah);        EXPECT_STRZR(1, getenv("blah")); break;
		CASE_TEST(setcmp_blah_blah);   EXPECT_EQ(1, strcmp("blah", "blah"), 0); break;
		CASE_TEST(setcmp_blah_blah2);  EXPECT_NE(1, strcmp("blah", "blah2"), 0); break;
		CASE_TEST(setncmp_blah_blah);  EXPECT_EQ(1, strncmp("blah", "blah", 10), 0); break;
		CASE_TEST(setncmp_blah_blah4); EXPECT_EQ(1, strncmp("blah", "blah4", 4), 0); break;
		CASE_TEST(setncmp_blah_blah5); EXPECT_NE(1, strncmp("blah", "blah5", 5), 0); break;
		CASE_TEST(setncmp_blah_blah6); EXPECT_NE(1, strncmp("blah", "blah6", 6), 0); break;
		CASE_TEST(strchr_foobar_o);    EXPECT_STREQ(1, strchr("foobar", 'o'), "oobar"); break;
		CASE_TEST(strchr_foobar_z);    EXPECT_STRZR(1, strchr("foobar", 'z')); break;
		CASE_TEST(strrchr_foobar_o);   EXPECT_STREQ(1, strrchr("foobar", 'o'), "obar"); break;
		CASE_TEST(strrchr_foobar_z);   EXPECT_STRZR(1, strrchr("foobar", 'z')); break;
#ifdef NOLIBC
		CASE_TEST(strlcat_0);          EXPECT_STRBUFEQ(1, strlcat(buf, "bar", 0), buf, 3, "test"); break;
		CASE_TEST(strlcat_1);          EXPECT_STRBUFEQ(1, strlcat(buf, "bar", 1), buf, 4, "test"); break;
		CASE_TEST(strlcat_5);          EXPECT_STRBUFEQ(1, strlcat(buf, "bar", 5), buf, 7, "test"); break;
		CASE_TEST(strlcat_6);          EXPECT_STRBUFEQ(1, strlcat(buf, "bar", 6), buf, 7, "testb"); break;
		CASE_TEST(strlcat_7);          EXPECT_STRBUFEQ(1, strlcat(buf, "bar", 7), buf, 7, "testba"); break;
		CASE_TEST(strlcat_8);          EXPECT_STRBUFEQ(1, strlcat(buf, "bar", 8), buf, 7, "testbar"); break;
		CASE_TEST(strlcpy_0);          EXPECT_STRBUFEQ(1, strlcpy(buf, "bar", 0), buf, 3, "test"); break;
		CASE_TEST(strlcpy_1);          EXPECT_STRBUFEQ(1, strlcpy(buf, "bar", 1), buf, 3, ""); break;
		CASE_TEST(strlcpy_2);          EXPECT_STRBUFEQ(1, strlcpy(buf, "bar", 2), buf, 3, "b"); break;
		CASE_TEST(strlcpy_3);          EXPECT_STRBUFEQ(1, strlcpy(buf, "bar", 3), buf, 3, "ba"); break;
		CASE_TEST(strlcpy_4);          EXPECT_STRBUFEQ(1, strlcpy(buf, "bar", 4), buf, 3, "bar"); break;
#endif
		CASE_TEST(memcmp_20_20);       EXPECT_EQ(1, memcmp("aaa\x20", "aaa\x20", 4), 0); break;
		CASE_TEST(memcmp_20_60);       EXPECT_LT(1, memcmp("aaa\x20", "aaa\x60", 4), 0); break;
		CASE_TEST(memcmp_60_20);       EXPECT_GT(1, memcmp("aaa\x60", "aaa\x20", 4), 0); break;
		CASE_TEST(memcmp_20_e0);       EXPECT_LT(1, memcmp("aaa\x20", "aaa\xe0", 4), 0); break;
		CASE_TEST(memcmp_e0_20);       EXPECT_GT(1, memcmp("aaa\xe0", "aaa\x20", 4), 0); break;
		CASE_TEST(memcmp_80_e0);       EXPECT_LT(1, memcmp("aaa\x80", "aaa\xe0", 4), 0); break;
		CASE_TEST(memcmp_e0_80);       EXPECT_GT(1, memcmp("aaa\xe0", "aaa\x80", 4), 0); break;
		CASE_TEST(limit_int8_max);          EXPECT_EQ(1, INT8_MAX,         (int8_t)          0x7f); break;
		CASE_TEST(limit_int8_min);          EXPECT_EQ(1, INT8_MIN,         (int8_t)          0x80); break;
		CASE_TEST(limit_uint8_max);         EXPECT_EQ(1, UINT8_MAX,        (uint8_t)         0xff); break;
		CASE_TEST(limit_int16_max);         EXPECT_EQ(1, INT16_MAX,        (int16_t)         0x7fff); break;
		CASE_TEST(limit_int16_min);         EXPECT_EQ(1, INT16_MIN,        (int16_t)         0x8000); break;
		CASE_TEST(limit_uint16_max);        EXPECT_EQ(1, UINT16_MAX,       (uint16_t)        0xffff); break;
		CASE_TEST(limit_int32_max);         EXPECT_EQ(1, INT32_MAX,        (int32_t)         0x7fffffff); break;
		CASE_TEST(limit_int32_min);         EXPECT_EQ(1, INT32_MIN,        (int32_t)         0x80000000); break;
		CASE_TEST(limit_uint32_max);        EXPECT_EQ(1, UINT32_MAX,       (uint32_t)        0xffffffff); break;
		CASE_TEST(limit_int64_max);         EXPECT_EQ(1, INT64_MAX,        (int64_t)         0x7fffffffffffffff); break;
		CASE_TEST(limit_int64_min);         EXPECT_EQ(1, INT64_MIN,        (int64_t)         0x8000000000000000); break;
		CASE_TEST(limit_uint64_max);        EXPECT_EQ(1, UINT64_MAX,       (uint64_t)        0xffffffffffffffff); break;
		CASE_TEST(limit_int_least8_max);    EXPECT_EQ(1, INT_LEAST8_MAX,   (int_least8_t)    0x7f); break;
		CASE_TEST(limit_int_least8_min);    EXPECT_EQ(1, INT_LEAST8_MIN,   (int_least8_t)    0x80); break;
		CASE_TEST(limit_uint_least8_max);   EXPECT_EQ(1, UINT_LEAST8_MAX,  (uint_least8_t)   0xff); break;
		CASE_TEST(limit_int_least16_max);   EXPECT_EQ(1, INT_LEAST16_MAX,  (int_least16_t)   0x7fff); break;
		CASE_TEST(limit_int_least16_min);   EXPECT_EQ(1, INT_LEAST16_MIN,  (int_least16_t)   0x8000); break;
		CASE_TEST(limit_uint_least16_max);  EXPECT_EQ(1, UINT_LEAST16_MAX, (uint_least16_t)  0xffff); break;
		CASE_TEST(limit_int_least32_max);   EXPECT_EQ(1, INT_LEAST32_MAX,  (int_least32_t)   0x7fffffff); break;
		CASE_TEST(limit_int_least32_min);   EXPECT_EQ(1, INT_LEAST32_MIN,  (int_least32_t)   0x80000000); break;
		CASE_TEST(limit_uint_least32_max);  EXPECT_EQ(1, UINT_LEAST32_MAX, (uint_least32_t)  0xffffffffU); break;
		CASE_TEST(limit_int_least64_min);   EXPECT_EQ(1, INT_LEAST64_MIN,  (int_least64_t)   0x8000000000000000LL); break;
		CASE_TEST(limit_int_least64_max);   EXPECT_EQ(1, INT_LEAST64_MAX,  (int_least64_t)   0x7fffffffffffffffLL); break;
		CASE_TEST(limit_uint_least64_max);  EXPECT_EQ(1, UINT_LEAST64_MAX, (uint_least64_t)  0xffffffffffffffffULL); break;
		CASE_TEST(limit_int_fast8_max);     EXPECT_EQ(1, INT_FAST8_MAX,    (int_fast8_t)     0x7f); break;
		CASE_TEST(limit_int_fast8_min);     EXPECT_EQ(1, INT_FAST8_MIN,    (int_fast8_t)     0x80); break;
		CASE_TEST(limit_uint_fast8_max);    EXPECT_EQ(1, UINT_FAST8_MAX,   (uint_fast8_t)    0xff); break;
		CASE_TEST(limit_int_fast16_min);    EXPECT_EQ(1, INT_FAST16_MIN,   (int_fast16_t)    SINT_MIN_OF_TYPE(int_fast16_t)); break;
		CASE_TEST(limit_int_fast16_max);    EXPECT_EQ(1, INT_FAST16_MAX,   (int_fast16_t)    SINT_MAX_OF_TYPE(int_fast16_t)); break;
		CASE_TEST(limit_uint_fast16_max);   EXPECT_EQ(1, UINT_FAST16_MAX,  (uint_fast16_t)   UINTPTR_MAX); break;
		CASE_TEST(limit_int_fast32_min);    EXPECT_EQ(1, INT_FAST32_MIN,   (int_fast32_t)    SINT_MIN_OF_TYPE(int_fast32_t)); break;
		CASE_TEST(limit_int_fast32_max);    EXPECT_EQ(1, INT_FAST32_MAX,   (int_fast32_t)    SINT_MAX_OF_TYPE(int_fast32_t)); break;
		CASE_TEST(limit_uint_fast32_max);   EXPECT_EQ(1, UINT_FAST32_MAX,  (uint_fast32_t)   UINTPTR_MAX); break;
		CASE_TEST(limit_int_fast64_min);    EXPECT_EQ(1, INT_FAST64_MIN,   (int_fast64_t)    INT64_MIN); break;
		CASE_TEST(limit_int_fast64_max);    EXPECT_EQ(1, INT_FAST64_MAX,   (int_fast64_t)    INT64_MAX); break;
		CASE_TEST(limit_uint_fast64_max);   EXPECT_EQ(1, UINT_FAST64_MAX,  (uint_fast64_t)   UINT64_MAX); break;
		CASE_TEST(sizeof_long_sane);        EXPECT_EQ(1, sizeof(long) == 8 || sizeof(long) == 4, 1); break;
		CASE_TEST(limit_intptr_min);        EXPECT_EQ(1, INTPTR_MIN,  sizeof(long) == 8 ? (intptr_t)  0x8000000000000000LL  : (intptr_t)  0x80000000); break;
		CASE_TEST(limit_intptr_max);        EXPECT_EQ(1, INTPTR_MAX,  sizeof(long) == 8 ? (intptr_t)  0x7fffffffffffffffLL  : (intptr_t)  0x7fffffff); break;
		CASE_TEST(limit_uintptr_max);       EXPECT_EQ(1, UINTPTR_MAX, sizeof(long) == 8 ? (uintptr_t) 0xffffffffffffffffULL : (uintptr_t) 0xffffffffU); break;
		CASE_TEST(limit_ptrdiff_min);       EXPECT_EQ(1, PTRDIFF_MIN, sizeof(long) == 8 ? (ptrdiff_t) 0x8000000000000000LL  : (ptrdiff_t) 0x80000000); break;
		CASE_TEST(limit_ptrdiff_max);       EXPECT_EQ(1, PTRDIFF_MAX, sizeof(long) == 8 ? (ptrdiff_t) 0x7fffffffffffffffLL  : (ptrdiff_t) 0x7fffffff); break;
		CASE_TEST(limit_size_max);          EXPECT_EQ(1, SIZE_MAX,    sizeof(long) == 8 ? (size_t)    0xffffffffffffffffULL : (size_t)    0xffffffffU); break;

		case __LINE__:
			return ret; /* must be last */
		/* note: do not set any defaults so as to permit holes above */
		}
	}
	return ret;
}

#define EXPECT_VFPRINTF(c, expected, fmt, ...)				\
	ret += expect_vfprintf(llen, c, expected, fmt, ##__VA_ARGS__)

static int expect_vfprintf(int llen, int c, const char *expected, const char *fmt, ...)
{
	int ret, fd;
	ssize_t w, r;
	char buf[100];
	FILE *memfile;
	va_list args;

	fd = open("/tmp", O_TMPFILE | O_EXCL | O_RDWR, 0600);
	if (fd == -1) {
		result(llen, SKIPPED);
		return 0;
	}

	memfile = fdopen(fd, "w+");
	if (!memfile) {
		result(llen, FAIL);
		return 1;
	}

	va_start(args, fmt);
	w = vfprintf(memfile, fmt, args);
	va_end(args);

	if (w != c) {
		llen += printf(" written(%d) != %d", (int)w, c);
		result(llen, FAIL);
		return 1;
	}

	fflush(memfile);
	lseek(fd, 0, SEEK_SET);

	r = read(fd, buf, sizeof(buf) - 1);

	fclose(memfile);

	if (r != w) {
		llen += printf(" written(%d) != read(%d)", (int)w, (int)r);
		result(llen, FAIL);
		return 1;
	}

	buf[r] = '\0';
	llen += printf(" \"%s\" = \"%s\"", expected, buf);
	ret = strncmp(expected, buf, c);

	result(llen, ret ? FAIL : OK);
	return ret;
}

static int run_vfprintf(int min, int max)
{
	int test;
	int ret = 0;

	for (test = min; test >= 0 && test <= max; test++) {
		int llen = 0; /* line length */

		/* avoid leaving empty lines below, this will insert holes into
		 * test numbers.
		 */
		switch (test + __LINE__ + 1) {
		CASE_TEST(empty);        EXPECT_VFPRINTF(0, "", ""); break;
		CASE_TEST(simple);       EXPECT_VFPRINTF(3, "foo", "foo"); break;
		CASE_TEST(string);       EXPECT_VFPRINTF(3, "foo", "%s", "foo"); break;
		CASE_TEST(number);       EXPECT_VFPRINTF(4, "1234", "%d", 1234); break;
		CASE_TEST(negnumber);    EXPECT_VFPRINTF(5, "-1234", "%d", -1234); break;
		CASE_TEST(unsigned);     EXPECT_VFPRINTF(5, "12345", "%u", 12345); break;
		CASE_TEST(char);         EXPECT_VFPRINTF(1, "c", "%c", 'c'); break;
		CASE_TEST(hex);          EXPECT_VFPRINTF(1, "f", "%x", 0xf); break;
		CASE_TEST(pointer);      EXPECT_VFPRINTF(3, "0x1", "%p", (void *) 0x1); break;
		case __LINE__:
			return ret; /* must be last */
		/* note: do not set any defaults so as to permit holes above */
		}
	}
	return ret;
}

static int smash_stack(void)
{
	char buf[100];
	volatile char *ptr = buf;
	size_t i;

	for (i = 0; i < 200; i++)
		ptr[i] = 'P';

	return 1;
}

static int run_protection(int min __attribute__((unused)),
			  int max __attribute__((unused)))
{
	pid_t pid;
	int llen = 0, status;
	struct rlimit rlimit = { 0, 0 };

	llen += printf("0 -fstackprotector ");

#if !defined(_NOLIBC_STACKPROTECTOR)
	llen += printf("not supported");
	result(llen, SKIPPED);
	return 0;
#endif

#if defined(_NOLIBC_STACKPROTECTOR)
	if (!__stack_chk_guard) {
		llen += printf("__stack_chk_guard not initialized");
		result(llen, FAIL);
		return 1;
	}
#endif

	pid = -1;
	pid = fork();

	switch (pid) {
	case -1:
		llen += printf("fork()");
		result(llen, FAIL);
		return 1;

	case 0:
		close(STDOUT_FILENO);
		close(STDERR_FILENO);

		prctl(PR_SET_DUMPABLE, 0, 0, 0, 0);
		setrlimit(RLIMIT_CORE, &rlimit);
		smash_stack();
		return 1;

	default:
		pid = waitpid(pid, &status, 0);

		if (pid == -1 || !WIFSIGNALED(status) || WTERMSIG(status) != SIGABRT) {
			llen += printf("waitpid()");
			result(llen, FAIL);
			return 1;
		}
		result(llen, OK);
		return 0;
	}
}

/* prepare what needs to be prepared for pid 1 (stdio, /dev, /proc, etc) */
int prepare(void)
{
	struct stat stat_buf;

	/* It's possible that /dev doesn't even exist or was not mounted, so
	 * we'll try to create it, mount it, or create minimal entries into it.
	 * We want at least /dev/null and /dev/console.
	 */
	if (stat("/dev/.", &stat_buf) == 0 || mkdir("/dev", 0755) == 0) {
		if (stat("/dev/console", &stat_buf) != 0 ||
		    stat("/dev/null", &stat_buf) != 0 ||
		    stat("/dev/zero", &stat_buf) != 0) {
			/* try devtmpfs first, otherwise fall back to manual creation */
			if (mount("/dev", "/dev", "devtmpfs", 0, 0) != 0) {
				mknod("/dev/console", 0600 | S_IFCHR, makedev(5, 1));
				mknod("/dev/null",    0666 | S_IFCHR, makedev(1, 3));
				mknod("/dev/zero",    0666 | S_IFCHR, makedev(1, 5));
			}
		}
	}

	/* If no /dev/console was found before calling init, stdio is closed so
	 * we need to reopen it from /dev/console. If it failed above, it will
	 * still fail here and we cannot emit a message anyway.
	 */
	if (close(dup(1)) == -1) {
		int fd = open("/dev/console", O_RDWR);

		if (fd >= 0) {
			if (fd != 0)
				dup2(fd, 0);
			if (fd != 1)
				dup2(fd, 1);
			if (fd != 2)
				dup2(fd, 2);
			if (fd > 2)
				close(fd);
			puts("\nSuccessfully reopened /dev/console.");
		}
	}

	/* try to mount /proc if not mounted. Silently fail otherwise */
	if (stat("/proc/.", &stat_buf) == 0 || mkdir("/proc", 0755) == 0) {
		if (stat("/proc/self", &stat_buf) != 0) {
			/* If not mountable, remove /proc completely to avoid misuse */
			if (mount("none", "/proc", "proc", 0, 0) != 0)
				rmdir("/proc");
		}
	}

	/* some tests rely on a writable /tmp */
	mkdir("/tmp", 0755);

	return 0;
}

/* This is the definition of known test names, with their functions */
static const struct test test_names[] = {
	/* add new tests here */
	{ .name = "startup",    .func = run_startup    },
	{ .name = "syscall",    .func = run_syscall    },
	{ .name = "stdlib",     .func = run_stdlib     },
	{ .name = "vfprintf",   .func = run_vfprintf   },
	{ .name = "protection", .func = run_protection },
	{ 0 }
};

static int is_setting_valid(char *test)
{
	int idx, len, test_len, valid = 0;
	char delimiter;

	if (!test)
		return valid;

	test_len = strlen(test);

	for (idx = 0; test_names[idx].name; idx++) {
		len = strlen(test_names[idx].name);
		if (test_len < len)
			continue;

		if (strncmp(test, test_names[idx].name, len) != 0)
			continue;

		delimiter = test[len];
		if (delimiter != ':' && delimiter != ',' && delimiter != '\0')
			continue;

		valid = 1;
		break;
	}

	return valid;
}

int main(int argc, char **argv, char **envp)
{
	int min = 0;
	int max = INT_MAX;
	int ret = 0;
	int err;
	int idx;
	char *test;

	argv0 = argv[0];
	test_argc = argc;
	test_argv = argv;
	test_envp = envp;

	/* when called as init, it's possible that no console was opened, for
	 * example if no /dev file system was provided. We'll check that fd#1
	 * was opened, and if not we'll attempt to create and open /dev/console
	 * and /dev/null that we'll use for later tests.
	 */
	if (getpid() == 1)
		prepare();

	/* the definition of a series of tests comes from either argv[1] or the
	 * "NOLIBC_TEST" environment variable. It's made of a comma-delimited
	 * series of test names and optional ranges:
	 *    syscall:5-15[:.*],stdlib:8-10
	 */
	test = argv[1];
	if (!is_setting_valid(test))
		test = getenv("NOLIBC_TEST");

	if (is_setting_valid(test)) {
		char *comma, *colon, *dash, *value;

		do {
			comma = strchr(test, ',');
			if (comma)
				*(comma++) = '\0';

			colon = strchr(test, ':');
			if (colon)
				*(colon++) = '\0';

			for (idx = 0; test_names[idx].name; idx++) {
				if (strcmp(test, test_names[idx].name) == 0)
					break;
			}

			if (test_names[idx].name) {
				/* The test was named, it will be called at least
				 * once. We may have an optional range at <colon>
				 * here, which defaults to the full range.
				 */
				do {
					min = 0; max = INT_MAX;
					value = colon;
					if (value && *value) {
						colon = strchr(value, ':');
						if (colon)
							*(colon++) = '\0';

						dash = strchr(value, '-');
						if (dash)
							*(dash++) = '\0';

						/* support :val: :min-max: :min-: :-max: */
						if (*value)
							min = atoi(value);
						if (!dash)
							max = min;
						else if (*dash)
							max = atoi(dash);

						value = colon;
					}

					/* now's time to call the test */
					printf("Running test '%s'\n", test_names[idx].name);
					err = test_names[idx].func(min, max);
					ret += err;
					printf("Errors during this test: %d\n\n", err);
				} while (colon && *colon);
			} else
				printf("Ignoring unknown test name '%s'\n", test);

			test = comma;
		} while (test && *test);
	} else {
		/* no test mentioned, run everything */
		for (idx = 0; test_names[idx].name; idx++) {
			printf("Running test '%s'\n", test_names[idx].name);
			err = test_names[idx].func(min, max);
			ret += err;
			printf("Errors during this test: %d\n\n", err);
		}
	}

	printf("Total number of errors: %d\n", ret);

	if (getpid() == 1) {
		/* we're running as init, there's no other process on the
		 * system, thus likely started from a VM for a quick check.
		 * Exiting will provoke a kernel panic that may be reported
		 * as an error by Qemu or the hypervisor, while stopping
		 * cleanly will often be reported as a success. This allows
		 * to use the output of this program for bisecting kernels.
		 */
		printf("Leaving init with final status: %d\n", !!ret);
		if (ret == 0)
			reboot(RB_POWER_OFF);
#if defined(__x86_64__)
		/* QEMU started with "-device isa-debug-exit -no-reboot" will
		 * exit with status code 2N+1 when N is written to 0x501. We
		 * hard-code the syscall here as it's arch-dependent.
		 */
		else if (syscall(__NR_ioperm, 0x501, 1, 1) == 0)
			__asm__ volatile ("outb %%al, %%dx" :: "d"(0x501), "a"(0));
		/* if it does nothing, fall back to the regular panic */
#endif
	}

	printf("Exiting with status %d\n", !!ret);
	return !!ret;
}