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author | xu xin <cgel.zte@gmail.com> | 2022-08-30 17:40:03 +0300 |
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committer | Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> | 2022-09-27 05:46:29 +0300 |
commit | 21b7bdb504ae6b0a795c8d63818611ce02b532c1 (patch) | |
tree | e3f69a8e99a94db172b8648e1a127a619d90766d /Documentation/admin-guide/mm/ksm.rst | |
parent | cb4df4cae4f2bd8cf7a32eff81178fce31600f7c (diff) | |
download | linux-21b7bdb504ae6b0a795c8d63818611ce02b532c1.tar.xz |
ksm: add profit monitoring documentation
Add the description of KSM profit and how to determine it separately in
system-wide range and inner a single process.
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20220830144003.299870-1-xu.xin16@zte.com.cn
Signed-off-by: xu xin <xu.xin16@zte.com.cn>
Reviewed-by: Xiaokai Ran <ran.xiaokai@zte.com.cn>
Reviewed-by: Yang Yang <yang.yang29@zte.com.cn>
Reviewed-by: Bagas Sanjaya <bagasdotme@gmail.com>
Cc: Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Izik Eidus <izik.eidus@ravellosystems.com>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox <willy@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Diffstat (limited to 'Documentation/admin-guide/mm/ksm.rst')
-rw-r--r-- | Documentation/admin-guide/mm/ksm.rst | 36 |
1 files changed, 36 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/Documentation/admin-guide/mm/ksm.rst b/Documentation/admin-guide/mm/ksm.rst index b244f0202a03..fb6ba2002a4b 100644 --- a/Documentation/admin-guide/mm/ksm.rst +++ b/Documentation/admin-guide/mm/ksm.rst @@ -184,6 +184,42 @@ The maximum possible ``pages_sharing/pages_shared`` ratio is limited by the ``max_page_sharing`` tunable. To increase the ratio ``max_page_sharing`` must be increased accordingly. +Monitoring KSM profit +===================== + +KSM can save memory by merging identical pages, but also can consume +additional memory, because it needs to generate a number of rmap_items to +save each scanned page's brief rmap information. Some of these pages may +be merged, but some may not be abled to be merged after being checked +several times, which are unprofitable memory consumed. + +1) How to determine whether KSM save memory or consume memory in system-wide + range? Here is a simple approximate calculation for reference:: + + general_profit =~ pages_sharing * sizeof(page) - (all_rmap_items) * + sizeof(rmap_item); + + where all_rmap_items can be easily obtained by summing ``pages_sharing``, + ``pages_shared``, ``pages_unshared`` and ``pages_volatile``. + +2) The KSM profit inner a single process can be similarly obtained by the + following approximate calculation:: + + process_profit =~ ksm_merging_pages * sizeof(page) - + ksm_rmap_items * sizeof(rmap_item). + + where ksm_merging_pages is shown under the directory ``/proc/<pid>/``, + and ksm_rmap_items is shown in ``/proc/<pid>/ksm_stat``. + +From the perspective of application, a high ratio of ``ksm_rmap_items`` to +``ksm_merging_pages`` means a bad madvise-applied policy, so developers or +administrators have to rethink how to change madvise policy. Giving an example +for reference, a page's size is usually 4K, and the rmap_item's size is +separately 32B on 32-bit CPU architecture and 64B on 64-bit CPU architecture. +so if the ``ksm_rmap_items/ksm_merging_pages`` ratio exceeds 64 on 64-bit CPU +or exceeds 128 on 32-bit CPU, then the app's madvise policy should be dropped, +because the ksm profit is approximately zero or negative. + Monitoring KSM events ===================== |